Sesi 10 km tools

CHAPTER 8
Kimiz Dalkir
2005
KM TOOLS
p. 217
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OBJECTIVES
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1. Understand the role of communication technologies
and the benefit of using it as tools to support KM
09 Desember 2014 Tim Dosen KM - Universitas TELKOM 2

KM TOOLS
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1. The latest solutions on a single platform for;
o Information sharing and CRM
o Project, task and event management
o Online file server and document management
o Data exchange and synchronization
o Incident tracking
o Website content management

KM TOOLS
flextimeglobal.com
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INTRODUCTION
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 Ruggles (1997) classify KM technologies as tools that ;
o Enhance and enable knowledge creation, generation,
codification, and transfer
› Create or generate improved knowledge
› Codify to make available for others
› Transfer knowledge to decrease problems with time and space when
communicating in an organization
› Efficiency of work
 The choice of tools to be used should be align with the
organization’s goals & strategy, and …………

INTRODUCTION
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 Rollet’s (2003) scheme of KM Tech :
o Communication
o Collaboration
o Content creation, authoring
o Content management
o Adaptation
o E-learning
o Personal tools
o Artificial intelligence
o Networking

INTRODUCTION
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 Alan Frost’s KM Tools :
o Groupware systems & KM 2.0
o The intranet and extranet
o Data warehousing, data mining, & OLAP
o Decision Support Systems
o Content management systems
o Document management systems
o Artificial intelligence tools
o Simulation tools
o Semantic networks

WHAT KM TOOLS SHOULD DO?
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 Knowledge sharing
 Innovation management: recording and management of
new ideas.
 Comments
 Ratings: point to good sources of knowledge.
 Participation rewards: Point systems, badges, and other
symbolic.
 Customized collections: Allowing users to customize
content collections.

KM TECHNIQUES & TOOLS
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“put the knowledge sharing power in the hands of the users themselves” (Gurteen,
2012).
http://www.knowledge-management-tools.net/groupware.html#ixzz3I3aQkEss

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CAPTURE & CREATION TOOLS
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Content Creation Tools
 Content management system will become commodity
 CMS approached from technological & strategical view
 Content, document, record will converge to the benefit of
organizations. Still, there are no merged platform to
accommodate
 Most commonly used is authoring (word processing to web
design)
o Annotation (whether public & private) is attached comments to
specific sections of a text document (by the same or different authors)

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 Data mining & knowledge discovery extract information
from database based on statistical analysis
o Detect pattern relationship between data/information
o Conclude the rule that can be use to predict the future result
o Need a large number of input, over period of time
o Variables may be correlated but the relationship may not have
meaning or usefulness. Read p.220 for an example.
o Why do we need reality check before concluding?
o Sample : market segmentation, customer profile, evaluation,
risk analysis

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 Blogs
o Web log
o Personal used evolving to broader & wider context
o Update frequently
o Search as many KM blogs as possible. What are your finding?

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 Blogs
o No guarantee of authority, accuracy, lack of bias
o What a blog can do?
› Teach, entertain, inform, sharing, guidance, complain, critics, condemn,
praise, sell, harras, marketing, image builder, and many more
o What are the benefit of the blogs for you?

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Content Management Tools
 Management of valuable content throughout useful lifespan
of the content
o Creation, updates, merging, summarization, repackaging, archiving,
revisiting, deleting.
 Using metadata to better manage content (author, keywords,
date created, purpose)
 Growing information need classification to benefit the user
 The future KM will blur the boundaries between individual,
group, & organizations
 Personalized KM (email, blog, message, twit)

SHARING
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& DISSEMINATION TOOLS
blog.oogwave.com

SHARING
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& DISSEMINATION TOOLS
“The good news about computers is
that they do what you tell them to do.
The bad news is that they do what you
tell them to do.”
Ted Nelson

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SHARING & DISSEMINATION TOOLS
Collaboration tools
 Communication technology always integrated with
collaboration tools
 Groupware  software that help group of colleagues
attached to a communication network (e-office, lotus notes,
egroupware). It allow us to
o Meeting scheduling
o Allocating resources
o Email & newsletter
o Password protection
o File distribution

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Collaboration tools
 Collaboration can be view as cooperate, coordinate, solve
problem, compete, & negotiate
 Commonly used technologies ; Tele-Videoconferencing,
IM, chat, VoIP, email-list, forum
 Collaboration  groupware productivity, technology
design to facilitate the work of groups

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Collaboration tools
 Groupware category

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Collaboration tools
 See p. 227 for Coleman taxonomy of groupware
 The most common groupware is email
o Newsgroup deliver message to user only when they requested
it (on-demand service)
o Mailing list deliver message to user when they become
available (interrupt-driven service)
o Workflow system deliver message through the rule of
document distribution (system) in organizations

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Collaboration tools
 Group calendar allow scheduling, project management, &
coordination. See p.228 for this tool’s weakness
 Collaborative writing system (cloud technology).
o Asynchronous allowing user to add or comment on the
previous work.
o Synchronous allow user to comment as the author make the
content
 Shared-workspace
 Video conferencing. When we should use it compare to
conventional audio conference?

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Collaboration tools
 Chat system permit people to write message real time. In
chat group, one’s message can be see and reply by member
of the group
 Moderator can be needed for leading and regulating the
discussion
 Example of groupware application is on p.229-231

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Wikis
 Web-based software which support open editing, and allow
multi-user content creation & editing through website
 Grow & change as the will of the participants
 Composed of web pages where people input information &
then create hyperlinks to another page or new pages for more
details about a particular topic.
 Anyone can add, delete, or correct information. A search
field allow you to enter a key word for the information you
need.

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Wikis
 There are public and corporate wikis. What are the
differences?
 The benefit of wikis?
o Real time
o Faster
o No need to keep a copy
o Everyone’s involve in the process have easy access
o Secure, if using commercial wiki and conduct in the intranet
environment
 How many wikis you can find on the web?

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Networking Technologies
 Consist of intranet, extranet, knowledge repositories,
knowledge portal, & web-based shared workspaces
 Knowledge repositories  an online computer-based
storehouse of expertise, knowledge, experiences, and
documentation about a particular domain of expertise
(Liebowitz & Beckman)
 In creating a knowledge repository, knowledge is
collected, summarized, and integrated across sources

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 Repositories can be filled by
o Passive collection—where workers themselves recognize what
knowledge has sufficient value to be stored in the repository
o Active collection—where some people in the organization are
scanning communication processes to detect knowledge

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 Three types of knowledge repositories :
o External knowledge repositories (such as competitive
intelligence, knowledge about outside parties).
o Internal knowledge repositories (such as research reports and
product-oriented market material).

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 Elements of repositories :
o Declarative knowledge (concepts, categories, definitions,
assumptions—knowledge of what).
o Procedural knowledge (processes, events, activities, actions,
manuals—knowledge of how or know-how).
o Causal knowledge (rationale for decisions, for rejected
decisions—knowledge of why).
o Context (circumstances of decisions, informal knowledge,
what is and what is not done, accepted, etc.—knowledge of
care-why).

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 Knowledge portal
o provide access to diverse enterprise content, communities,
expertise, and internal and external services and information
(Collins & Firestone)
o means of storing and disseminating organizational knowledge
such as business processes, policies, procedures, documents,
and other codified knowledge
o Searching capabilities through content as well as through a
taxonomy (categorized content)

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 Knowledge portal
o Link people, processes, and valuable knowledge content and
provide the organizational glue or common thread that serves
to support knowledge workers
o Early portals use to broadcast information all members
o Now, portal become sophisticated shared workspaces where
knowledge workers can contribute, share, acquire, & apply
valuable organizational knowledge.
o Support creation, sharing, & use by allowing a high level of
bidirectional interaction with users.

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ACQUISITION & APPLICATION
TOOLS

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ACQUISITION & APPLICATION TOOLS
 E-learning systems provide support for learning,
comprehension, and better understanding of the new
knowledge to be acquired.
 Electronic performance support systems (EPSS), expert
systems, & decision support systems (DSS) help
knowledge workers to apply the knowledge on the job.
 Adaptive technologies can be used to personalize
knowledge content push or pull.

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 Recommender systems
o Detect similarities or affinities between different types of users
o Make recommendations of additional content that others like
them have found to be useful to acquire and apply.
 Knowledge maps and other visualization tools can help
to better acquire and apply valuable knowledge,
 Artificial intelligence can at least partially automate
processes such as text summarization, content
classification, and content selection.

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E-learning applications
 Computer-based learning (CBT) & web-based training
(WBT) applications.
 The common feature is online learning environment.
Courses delivered via web or intranet.
 Increase the knowledge dissemination because:
o Knowledge that has been captured & coded or packaged made
available to all organizational members, regardless of any time
or distance constraints.

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Decision Support System
 Helping groups in decision making by facilitating
meetings, encourage equal participation by providing
anonymity or enforcing turn-taking
 Provide tools for brainstorming, critiquing ideas, voting,
putting weights & probabilities on events and
alternatives.

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Intelligent Filtering Tools
 Software programs that assist their user and act on his or
her behalf
 A computer program that acts autonomously and on its
own initiative, has intelligence and can learn, improving
its performance in executing its tasks (Woolridge &
Jennings

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 Has features ;
o Autonomy: the ability to do their tasks without direct
assistance from an outside source.
o Social Ability: the ability to interact with other software agents
and humans.
o Responsiveness: the ability to respond in a timely fashion to
perceived changes in the environment.
o Personalizability: the ability to adapt to its user’s needs,

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 Has features ;
o Proactivity: the ability to take initiatives by itself,
autonomously on a periodical basis or as necessary
o Adaptivity: the capacity to change and improve according to
the experiences accumulated.
o Cooperation: the interactivity between agent and user

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 The category ;
o Watcher Agents: look for specific information.
o Learning Agents: adjust to an user preferences by learning
from the past behavior.
o Shopping Agents: compare “the best price for an item.”
o Information Retrieval Agents: help the user to “search for
information in an intelligent fashion.”
o Helper Agents: perform tasks autonomously without human
interaction

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 Information overload problems ;
o Information filtering: go through an enormous amount of
information to find the small portion that is relevant.
o Information gathering: There is not enough information
available to us, we have to search long & hard to find what we
need.
 Rutherford Rogers  we are drowning in information
but starved for knowledge.

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Adaptive Intelligent System
 Used to better target content to a specific knowledge
worker or to a specific group of knowledge workers who
share common work needs.
o Customization : manually changing their knowledge
environment (selecting user preferences to change the desktop
interface, specifying certain requirements, or subscribing to
certain news services.
o Personalization : refers to the automatic changing of content
and interfaces based on the observed and analyzed behaviors of
the intended end user

DRESSED 4 SUCCESS
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 Conduct a brief review after every class.
 Complete the assigment on time.
 Prepare and conduct the presentation seriously
 Pay full attention about what the class discussed
 Make notes to help understand the lecture.
 Read & understand the main references/books
 Look for the other lecture materials from other class
 Keep 100% attendance

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