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BASICS OF ELECTRONICS
We will be discussing…..
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Diode
• Transister
RESISTORS
• Resistors are used to limit current or
divide voltage and in some cases,
generate heat.
• Used for driving circuit which requires low
current and voltage than available.
• A two terminal non-polarised component.
• Unit of resistance is ohm.
• Notation for resistance
O- for ohm
K- for kilo ohm
M- for mega ohm
Contd…
Physical appearance
Color code table
Practical Use….
• To reduce the current flowing in circuit,
use resistance in parallel.
• To reduce the voltage for any circuit, use
resistance in series.
CAPACITORS
• A two terminal electronic component
which stores energy in form of charge.
• capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's
ability to store charge.
• A large capacitance means that more
charge can be stored.
• Capacitance is measured in Farads(F) but
prefixes like µF and pF for smaller values.
Types of capacitors
• Polarized
which have specified positive and
negative terminals.
• Non-polarized
no defined polarity for terminals.
Practical use
• Used for making timer circuits, when used
with resistance.
• Used in clipper, clamper circuit.
• Used for providing instantaneous large
power as in flashlight of cameras.
• Used in DC filter circuits.
DIODES
• A two-terminal electronic component that
conducts electric current in only one
direction.
The direction of arrow shows the only
possible direction of current.
Types of diodes
• LED i.e Light Emitting Diodes
These diodes emit light when provided
with power supply.
• Photodiode
These diode generates currents when
exposed to light.
Practical use
• Used for making gates
• Used for making rectifiers
• Used as a switch
• LED as indicators
• Photodiodes as light detector
TRANSISTOR
• A transistor is a semiconductor device
commonly used to amplify or switch
electronic signals.
• Device with three terminals where one
terminal can be use to control the flow of
current through the other two terminals.
Contd….
• The three terminals are Emitter, Base and
Collector
• Transistor are of two types:
1-> n-p-n
A straight switch
2-> p-n-p
A inverted switch
n-p-n as straight switch
• When base of n-p-n is connected with
logic high voltage then it short circuit
emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).
• When base of n-p-n is connected with
logic low voltage then it open circuit both
emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
p-n-p as inverted switch
• When base of p-n-p is connected with
logic high voltage then it open circuit
emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
• When base of p-n-p is connected with
logic low voltage then it short circuit both
emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).
Practically used…
• As a switch
• As an amplifier
• For realizing logic gates
Thank You

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Basics of elec.

  • 2. We will be discussing….. • Resistor • Capacitor • Diode • Transister
  • 3. RESISTORS • Resistors are used to limit current or divide voltage and in some cases, generate heat. • Used for driving circuit which requires low current and voltage than available. • A two terminal non-polarised component.
  • 4. • Unit of resistance is ohm. • Notation for resistance O- for ohm K- for kilo ohm M- for mega ohm Contd…
  • 7. Practical Use…. • To reduce the current flowing in circuit, use resistance in parallel.
  • 8. • To reduce the voltage for any circuit, use resistance in series.
  • 9. CAPACITORS • A two terminal electronic component which stores energy in form of charge. • capacitance is a measure of a capacitor's ability to store charge. • A large capacitance means that more charge can be stored. • Capacitance is measured in Farads(F) but prefixes like µF and pF for smaller values.
  • 10. Types of capacitors • Polarized which have specified positive and negative terminals. • Non-polarized no defined polarity for terminals.
  • 11. Practical use • Used for making timer circuits, when used with resistance. • Used in clipper, clamper circuit. • Used for providing instantaneous large power as in flashlight of cameras. • Used in DC filter circuits.
  • 12. DIODES • A two-terminal electronic component that conducts electric current in only one direction.
  • 13. The direction of arrow shows the only possible direction of current.
  • 14. Types of diodes • LED i.e Light Emitting Diodes These diodes emit light when provided with power supply.
  • 15. • Photodiode These diode generates currents when exposed to light.
  • 16. Practical use • Used for making gates • Used for making rectifiers • Used as a switch • LED as indicators • Photodiodes as light detector
  • 17. TRANSISTOR • A transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals. • Device with three terminals where one terminal can be use to control the flow of current through the other two terminals.
  • 18. Contd…. • The three terminals are Emitter, Base and Collector
  • 19. • Transistor are of two types: 1-> n-p-n A straight switch 2-> p-n-p A inverted switch
  • 20. n-p-n as straight switch • When base of n-p-n is connected with logic high voltage then it short circuit emitter and collector (SWITCH ON). • When base of n-p-n is connected with logic low voltage then it open circuit both emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF).
  • 21. p-n-p as inverted switch • When base of p-n-p is connected with logic high voltage then it open circuit emitter and collector (SWITCH OFF). • When base of p-n-p is connected with logic low voltage then it short circuit both emitter and collector (SWITCH ON).
  • 22. Practically used… • As a switch • As an amplifier • For realizing logic gates