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1. Chapter 1
Software Development and
Analysis of the Problem
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan
Twitter: http://twitter.com/awarawut
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E-Mail: awarawut@hotmail.com
Mobile: 083-0698-410

2. Contents
F
F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 2

3. F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 3

4. F
F
F
F F
F
F F F F
F F F F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 4

5. (STEPS IN PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 5

6. 1. (Define the Problem)
2. F F (Outline the
Solution)
3. (Develop and Algorithm)
4. F (Test the
Algorithm for Correctness)
5. (Programming)
6. (Testing)
7. (Document and
Maintain the Program)
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Analysis of the Problem 6

7. 1.
(Define the Problem)
Inputs
Outputs
Processing
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 7

8. 2. F F
(Outline the Solution)
F F (
)
F F F F
◦ F
◦ F F F (Subtask)
◦ F F F F
◦ F F F
◦ F F
◦ (Logic)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 8

9. 3.
(Develop and Algorithm)
F F
F (Pseudo Code)
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 9

10. 4. F
(Test the Algorithm for Correctness)
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 10

11. 5.
(Programming)
F F F
F ( )
F (High Language)
F C, PASCAL F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 11

12. 6.
(Testing)
F F
F F F F
◦ (Syntax Errors)
◦ (Logic Errors)
F F F F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 12

13. 7.
(Document and Maintain the Program)
F F
F F
F
◦ (External Document) F F
F F F
◦ (Internal Document)
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 13

14. F
Chapter 1 Software Development and Analysis of the Problem
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan 14

15. F
F2
F F F
F F
F F
F F F F
F F F F F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 15

16. F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 16

17. F F
1. F F
2. FF
3. F F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 17

18. 1. F F
F F F
F F
F F
( F F F F F F )
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 18

19. 2. FF
F F F F
F F F3
◦ F F F
◦ F F F F
◦ F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 19

20. F F F
F F
F a = 20 b = 15 c = 5
10
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 20

21. F F F F
F F F F
F F
F F
n
F F F F
F F F
2 F F F
F F F 2
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 21

22. F
F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F
(Base)
(Height)
½ 0.5 F (Constant)
F F F
F = ½ x base x height
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 22

23. 3. F F
F F F F
F F F F F F
FF F F
F FF F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 23

24. F F F
F
F F-
F F - F F
F F
2
F F - F F F
F
= +
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 24

25. F F F
F
1. F F-
2. F F - F F F F
F FF F
F F F
area = ½ x base x height
3. F F - F F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 25

26. Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 26

27. Algorithm
F F F F
F
F F F
F F
F F F F F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and Analysis of the Problem
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan 27

28. F
F
1. F F F F F F
2. F F F F F
F
3. F F
F F
F F
4. F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 28

29. Algorithm
Algorithm < >
1. ……………..
2. ……………..
3. …………….
END
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 29

30. Example Algorithm
F
1.
2. F F
3. F
4.
5. F
6.
7. 3
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 30

31. Example Algorithm (Cont.)
Algorithm F
1. F F F
2. F 1 F
3. F F
4. F F
5. F F F F F F F
6.
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 31

32. Example Algorithm (Cont.)
Algorithm
1. F ( F )
F
2. F
3. F F F
4. F F F
5. F F F
6.
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 32

33. Example Algorithm (Cont.)
Algorithm
1. F
2. F 2 F
3. F 2 F
4. F 2 F
5. F F ¾ F
6. F F
7.
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 33

34. Example Algorithm (Cont.)
F
turn on calculator
clear calculator
repeat the following instructions
key in baht amount
key in decimal point (.)
key in satang amount
press addition(+) key
until all prices have been entered
write down total price
turn off calculator
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 34

35. (Cont.)
2
(Pseudo Code)
(Flowchart)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 35

36. Pseudo Code
F
F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 36

37. F
1. F (Statement) F F
F F
2. F
3. F F F F F
(Keywords) F F F
F F F
FF F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 37

38. F (Cont.)
4. F F F
F F
5. F F F F F
F F F
F F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 38

39. 6 F
(Six Basic Computer Operations)
1. F F F
2. F F F
3. F F
4. F F F
5. F
F
6. F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 39

40. F F F
F F ( ) F F F F
F F FF F F
F F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F read get F
F
◦ read F F F FF
◦ get F F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 40

41. F F F F
read studentName
get systemDate
read number1, number2
get taxCode
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 41

42. F F F
F F print, write, put,
output display
◦ print F F F F
◦ write F F F F
◦ put, output display F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 42

43. F F F F
print “Program Completed”
write customer record to master file
put name, address and postcode
output totalTax
display “End of data”
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 43

44. F F F (Cont.)
prompt F F F F
get, F F F
F F F
promt for studentMark
get studentMark
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 44

45. F F
F F
◦ F+ F (add)
◦ F– F (subtract)
◦ F* F (multiply)
◦ F/ F (divide)
◦ F() F /
F F F compute
calculate
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 45

46. F F F
divide totalMarks by studentCount
salesTax costPrice * 0.10
compute C = (F – 32) * 5 / 9
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 46

47. F F F
F3
1. F initialize F set F
F F
2. F F =
F F
3. F store F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 47

48. F F F
F
initialize totalPrice to zero
set studentCount to 0
totalPrice = costPrice + salesTax
totalPrice costPrice + salesTax
store customerId in lastCustomerID
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 48

49. F
F
F if…then…else F end if
if employeeStatus is partTime then
add 1 to partTimeCount
else
add 1 to fullTimeCount
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 49

50. F F
F dowhile…enddo
repeat…until
dowhile file_flag <> “eof”
read student record
print studentName, address to report
add 1 to studentTotal
enddo
eof – End Of File
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 50

51. F 3
(The Three Basic Control Structures)
(Sequence)
(Selection)
(Repetition)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 51

52. (Sequence Format)
statement a
statement b
statement c
:
:
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 52

53. F
add 1 to pageCount
print heading line1
print heading line2
set lineCount to zero
read customer record
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 53

54. (Selection Format)
if condition p is true then
statement(s) in true case
else
statement(s) in false case
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 54

55. F
(Simple IF Statement)
if accountBalance < 300000 then
serviceCharge = 5.00
else
serviceCharge = 2.00
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 55

56. F
(Null False Branch)
if employeeStatus = partTime then
add 1 to partTimeCount
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 56

57. F
(Combined IF Statement 1)
if employeeStatus = partTime
and employeeGender = female then
add 1 to partTimeCount
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 57

58. F
(Combined IF Statement 2)
if (recordCode = “23” or updateCode
= delete)
and accountBalance = zero then
delete customer record
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 58

59. F
(Combined IF Statement 3)
if not (recordCode = “23”
and updateCode = delete) then
update customer record
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 59

60. F
(Nested IF Statement 1)
if recordCode = “A” then
increment counter_A
else
if recordCode = “B” then
increment counter_B
else
if recordCode = “C” then
increment counter_C
else
increment errorCounter
end if
end if
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 60

61. F
(Nested IF Statement 2)
if employeeStatus = partTime then
if employeeGender = female then
if employeeAge > 30 then
add 1 to matureFemaleEmployee
else
add 1 to youngFemaleEmployee
end if
else
add 1 to maleEmployee
end if
else
add 1 to fullTimeEmployee
end if
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 61

62. (Repetition Format)
dowhile
dowhile condition p is true
statement block
enddo
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 62

63. (Repetition Format) (Cont.)
repeat…until
repeat
statement
statement
:
:
until condition is true
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 63

64. F dowhile loop 1
set studentTotal to zero
dowhile studentTatal < 50
read student record
print studentName, address to
report
add 1 to studentTotal
enddo
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 64

65. F dowhile loop 2
Process Student_record
set studentCount to zero
read student record
dowhile studentNumber not equal 999
write student record
increment studentCount
read student record
enddo
print studentCount
end Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 65

66. F repeat … until loop
Process Student_record
set studentCount to zero
repeat
read student record
if studentNumber not equal 999
write student record
increment studentCount
end if
until studentNumber = 99
print studentCount Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 66
end

67. (Flowchart)
F F F F
F F F F
F F F FF
F F F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 67

68. F
1. F F F
F
2. F
3. F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 68

69. F 2 F
(System Flowchart)
(Program Flowchart)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 69

70. (System Flowchart)
F
F F F F F
F F F F
F F F F
F F F
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 70

71. Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 71

72. Mr.Warawut Khangkhan 72

73. (Program Flowchart)
F
F F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 73

74. Mr.Warawut Khangkhan 74

75. F
Terminal F START
STOP F F F
Manual Input F
F F F F
Monitor (Output)
F F F
F
Input/Output Data F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 75

76. F (Cont.)
Process
F - F F
Decision F F F
2 (True) (False)
(?) F F F
Magnetic Disk F F F
F
Comment F F
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 76

77. F (Cont.)
Preparation ( ) F F
F F F
Sobroutine processing (
F F ) F F F
F F
F
Document ( ) / F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 77

78. F (Cont.)
Connector F F F F
F
F F
Off-Page Connector F F
F F F
Flow Direction Lines
( F )
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 78

79. 1. F F F F
2. F F
F F
3. Flowchart F F
F
4. Flowchart F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 79

80. (Cont.)
5. F F F F F
F F F F
6. F
Flowchart F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 80

81. (Sequence)
(Selection)
(Repetition)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 81

82. F
F
F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 82

83. F
Algorithm
1. F F F base
height
2. (area)
area = 0.5 * base * height
3. (area)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 83

84. F
Algorithm
get base, height
compute area = 0.5 * base * height
display area
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 84

85. F
Start
base, height
area = 0.5 * base * height
area
Stop
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 85

86. F
F F F F (salary) F
(tax) 10% F
F F salary tax
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 86

87. F
Algorithm F F salary tax
1. F (Salary)
2. tax = salary * 0.1
3.
---------------------------------
get salary
compute tax = salary * 0.1
display salary, tax
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 87

88. F
Start
salary
tax = salary * 0.1
print salary, tax
Stop
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 88

89. Workshop:
F Y = 2X * 2
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 89

90. F
F F
F
F
F F F (True)
(False) F
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 90

91. (Cont.)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 91

92. Workshop:
F F
100 F F F F 100 F F
F F F 100 F F F
F F 100 F F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 92

93. Workshop:
F 2 F
F F F F F F
F F F F F F
F F F F FF F F
F F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 93

94. (Cont.)
F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 94

95. (Cont.)
Start
1
name, score
Stop
score > 0 Y
N
Y N
score > 49
Display Error
Display Pass Display Not Pass
1
1 1
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 95

96. Workshop:
F
F 2 F
F F F F
F F F F F
F F F F F F F
F F F F F F F
F F F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 96

97. Workshop:
F
F
80 100 A
70 79 B
60 69 C
50 59 D
0 49 F
F F F F F
F F ,
F
F F F F 0 100
F F F F Out of range 97

98. F F
F F
(True) (False) F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 98

99. ( F)
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 99

100. (Cont.)
Start N=? N = 55
I=? I = 11
N=0
I=1 N=? N = 15
I=5 I=5
N
I <= 10
Y
Display I
N=N+I
Stop
I=I+1
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 100

101. (Cont.)
Start
N=0
I=1
N=N+I
I=I+1
Y N Display I Stop
I <= 10
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 101

102. F
F F
F F F F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 102

103. F
Algorithm F F 0 4
1. I F F 0
2. I
2.1 F I <= 4 F
F F I
I=I+1( F F I 1)
2
2.2 F I > 4 F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 103

104. F
Algorithm F F 0 4
set i to 0
dowhile i <= 4 then
print i
add 1 to i
enddo
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 104

105. Start
I = 0
N
I <= 4
Y
Stop
Print I
I = I + 1
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 105

106. Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 106

107. F F F
F 1 F F
Do while
F
F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 107

108. Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 108

109. Workshop:
F 1-10 F
F F
F F 1-
10 F F
F F
F F F
F F F F 2 – 12 F
F F F Error”
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 109

110. Homework:
1. F F F
F F F F F
2. F F F
F 1 – 50
3. F 2. F , F
F F
Chapter 1 Software Development and
Mr.Warawut Khangkhan Analysis of the Problem 110