พื้นฐานการออกแบบโปรแกรม (Fundamental of Program Design)

1. Mr.Warawut Khangkhan
Twitter: http://twitter.com/awarawut
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/AjWarawut
E-mail: awarawut@hotmail.com
Mobile: 083-0698-410

2. Objective
1. F
2. F F F
3. F F Procedural
Object-Oriented F
4. F F
5. F F
6. F 6 F F
F F F
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3. Contents
Steps in Program Development
Program Design Methodology
Procedural Object-Oriented
Objective of Structured Program Design Techniques
Introduction to Algorithm and Pseudo Code
Six Basic Computer Operations
The Three Basic Control Structures
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4. Mr.Warawut Chapter 1 Review 4

5. Steps in Program Development
1. (Define the Problem)
2. F F (Outline the Solution)
3. (Develop and Algorithm)
4. F (Test the Algorithm for
Correctness)
5. (Programming)
6. (Testing)
7. (Document and Maintain
the Program)
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6. Define the Program
Inputs
Outputs
Processing
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7. Outline the Solution
F F ( )
F F F F
F
F F F (Subtask)
F F F F
F F F
F F
(Logic)
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8. Develop and Algorithm
F F
F (Pseudo Code) F F
F
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9. Test the Algorithm for Correctness
F F
F
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10. Programming
F F F F
( )
F (High Language) F C,
PASCAL F
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11. Testing
F F F F F F
(Syntax Errors)
(Logic Errors)
F F F F F F
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12. Document and Maintain the
Program
F F
F F
F
(External Document) F F F
F F
(Internal Document)
F
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14. Program Design Methodology
Procedure-Driven
- (Processes) F (Functions)
Event-Driven
- F F F F
F F
Data-Driven
- F F F F
F F F F F F F
F F F F F F
F F F F F F
F
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16. Procedural
Object-
Object-Oriented
F (Top-Down Development)
(Modular Design)
(Object-Oriented Programming)
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17. F F
Control Module
start
call module 1
call module 2
call module 3
stop
Module 1 Module 2 Module 3
begin begin begin
do 1 do x if x then y
do 2 do y else z
do 3 do z do abc
return return return
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18. F
: http://www.chapterpiece.com/software-development-
process/2010/04/13/how-to-build-software-3/
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20. Objective of Structured Program
Design Techniques
1. F F F
F F F
2. F FF
3. F F F
4.
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22. Introduction to Algorithm and
Pseudo Code
Algorithm
F F F F F
F F F F
F F F
F F F F
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23. Example Algorithm
F
1.
2. F F
3. F
4.
5. F
6.
7. 3
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24. F
F
1. F F F F F F
2. F F F F F F
3. F F F F
F F
4. F
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25. Example Algorithm
F
turn on calculator
clear calculator
repeat the following instructions
key in baht amount
key in decimal point (.)
key in satang amount
press addition(+) key
until all prices have been entered
write down total price
turn off calculator
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26. Introduction to Algorithm and
Pseudo Code (Cont.)
Pseudo Code
F
F F
F
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27. F
1. F (Statement) F F
F F
2. F
3. F F F F F (Keywords) F F
F F F F FF
F
4. F F F F
F
5. F F F F F F F
F F F F F
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29. Six Basic Computer Operations
1. F F F
2. F F F
3. F F
4. F F F
5. F F
6. F F
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30. F F F
F F ( ) F F F F F F
F F F F F F F F F F
F F F F F
F F F read get F F
read F F F F F
get F F F F
read studentName
get systemDate
read number1, number2
get taxCode
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31. F F F
F F print, write, put, output display
print F F F F
write F F F F
put, output display F F F
print “Program Completed”
write customer record to master file
put name, address and postcode
output totalTax
display “End of data”
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32. F F F (Cont.)
prompt F F F F get, F
F F F F F
promt for studentMark
get studentMark
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33. F F
F F
F+ F (add)
F– F (subtract)
F* F (multiply)
F/ F (divide)
F() F /
F F F compute calculate
divide totalMarks by studentCount
salesTax costPrice * 0.10
compute C = (F – 32) * 5 / 9
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34. F F F
F3
1. F initialize F set F F F
2. F F = F F
3. F store F F
initialize totalPrice to zero
set studentCount to 0
totalPrice = costPrice + salesTax
totalPrice costPrice + salesTax
store customerId in lastCustomerID
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35. F
F
F if…then…else F end if
if employeeStatus is partTime then
add 1 to partTimeCount
else
add 1 to fullTimeCount
end if
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36. F F
F dowhile…enddo repeat…until
dowhile file_flag <> “eof”
read student record
print studentName, address to report
add 1 to studentTotal
enddo
eof – End Of File
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38. The Three Basic Control Structures
Sequence
Selection
Repetition
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39. Sequence Format
statement a
statement b
statement c
:
:
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40. Example: Sequence
add 1 to pageCount
print heading line1
print heading line2
set lineCount to zero
read customer record
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41. Selection Format
if condition p is true then
statement(s) in true case
else
statement(s) in false case
end if
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42. Example: Simple IF Statement
if accountBalance < 300000 then
serviceCharge = 5.00
else
serviceCharge = 2.00
end if
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43. Example: Null False Branch
if employeeStatus = partTime then
add 1 to partTimeCount
end if
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44. Example: Combined IF Statement 1
if employeeStatus = partTime
and employeeGender = female then
add 1 to partTimeCount
end if
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45. Example: Combined IF Statement 2
if (recordCode = “23” or updateCode = delete)
and accountBalance = zero then
delete customer record
end if
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46. Example: Combined IF Statement 3
if not (recordCode = “23”
and updateCode = delete) then
update customer record
end if
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47. Example: Nested IF Statement 1
if recordCode = “A” then
increment counter_A
else
if recordCode = “B” then
increment counter_B
else
if recordCode = “C” then
increment counter_C
else
increment errorCounter
end if
end if
end if
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48. Example: Nested IF Statement 2
if employeeStatus = partTime then
if employeeGender = female then
if employeeAge > 30 then
add 1 to matureFemaleEmployee
else
add 1 to youngFemaleEmployee
end if
else
add 1 to maleEmployee
end if
else
add 1 to fullTimeEmployee
end if
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49. Repetition Format
dowhile
dowhile condition p is true
statement block
enddo
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50. Repetition Format (Cont.)
repeat…until
repeat
statement
statement
:
:
until condition is true
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51. Example: dowhile loop 1
set studentTotal to zero
dowhile studentTatal < 50
read student record
print studentName, address to report
add 1 to studentTotal
enddo
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52. Example: dowhile loop 2
Process Student_record
set studentCount to zero
read student record
dowhile studentNumber not equal 999
write student record
increment studentCount
read student record
enddo
print studentCount
end
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53. Example: repeat…until loop
Process Student_record
set studentCount to zero
repeat
read student record
if studentNumber not equal 999
write student record
increment studentCount
end if
until studentNumber = 99
print studentCount
end
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