7. BASIC FOR FILM & VIDEO HAD ITS ROOTS IN STILL PHOTOGRAPHY IMAGE REPRODUCTION
8. LIGHT PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIAL ARE THE ELEMENTS OF IMAGE REPRODUCTION AND A
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10. STILL CAMERA light falls on the subject captured by the camera lens negative enlarger chemical process photo print > > > > >
11. MOVING CAMERA light falls on the subject > > > > > records at 24 fps negative print chemical process positive print projection at 24 fps
12. MOVING CAMERA: PERSISTENCE OF VISION SINCE THE EYE RETAINS IMAGES SLIGHTLY LONGER THAN IT IS ACTUALLY EXPOSED TO THEM, IT TENDS TO MELD 2 SUCCESSIVE IMAGES INTO ONE , CREATING A SMOOTH TRANSITION BETWEEN THEM.
23. 4:3 / 1.33:1 STANDARD - 4 UNITS WIDE FOR EVERY 3 UNITS OF HEIGHT
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25. 2.35:1 ANAMORPHIC - VERY WIDE SCREEN; WHEN SHOOTING, SQUEEZE THE WIDTH THEN UNSQUEEZED IN PROJECTION, WIDENING ORIGINAL ASPECT RATIO - BIGGER LETTERBOX
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27. RULE OF THUMB THE LARGER THE FORMAT, THE BETTER THE QUALITY , THE MORE EXPENSIVE IT IS TO SHOOT AND THE HEAVIER THE EQUIPMENT TO USE.
28. VIDEO CAMERA light falls on the subject captured by the camera lens, light is then converted Into an electrical signal and prints to a magnetic tape playback VCR TV monitor > > >
29. HOW DO VIDEO CAMERAS WORK? LIGHT IS CONVERTED INTO AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL, EACH FRAME OF INFORMATION DOESN’T FLOW THROUGH THE ELECTRICAL CABLE AT ONCE AN ELECTRON BEAM SCANS ACROSS THE PICTURE FROM ONE SIDE TO THE OTHER. THE LEVEL OF BRIGHTNESS AND DARKNESS IS READ AND TRANSMITTED THE VIDEO IMAGE IS MADE UP OF A SERIES OF HORIZONTAL LINES BUT THE SCANNING PROCESS IS SO FAST THAT OUR EYES SEE THE FRAME AS A WHOLE UNIFIED PICTURE
34. EVOLUTION OF VIDEO CAMERA XDCAM (BLUE-RAY / S x S CARD) HDSLR (CF CARD / SD CARD) RED CAMERAS (Red Drive, Red Flash [CF])
35. EVOLUTION OF VIDEO CAMERA ARRI’S ALEXA (DUAL S x S CARD) PANASONIC AF 100 CAMERA (SDXC CARD- 32GB TO 2TB) PHANTOM FLEX HIGH-SPEED CAMERA (INTERNAL RAM MEMORY)
36. THE RASTER SCAN HORIZONTAL LINES STARTING AT THE TOP, FROM LEFT TO RIGHT 2 TYPES OF SCANNING PROGRESSIVE - IN ORDER FROM TOP TO BOTTOM INTERLACED - SCANS EVERY OTHER LINE, STARTING WITH ODD LINES (1,3,5…625), THEN EVEN LINES (2,4,6…624)
38. FRAME TWO FIELDS SHOWN IN RAPID SUCCESSION THERE ARE 25 FRAMES PER SECOND WITH 50 FIELDS PER SECOND (PAL) / 24 FPS WITH 60 FIELDS PER SECOND (NTSC). THE CAMERA PROCESSES 15,625 LINES OF PICTURE INFORMATION PER SECOND
39. CAMERA IMAGE SENSORS RESPONSIBLE FOR TRANSFORMING LIGHT INTO ELECTRICAL SIGNAL CCD- (CHARGED COUPLE DEVICE) LIGHT SENSITIVE COMPUTER CHIP DIVIDED INTO PIXELS (PICTURE ELEMENTS) VERY FINE GRID SOPT-TINY LIGHT METERS THAT READS THE BRIGHTNESS OF LIGHT AT THAT SPOT
40. CAMERA IMAGE SENSORS RESPONSIBLE FOR TRANSFORMING LIGHT INTO ELECTRICAL SIGNAL CMOS- (COMPLIMENTARY METAL-OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR)
41. WORLD COLOR TV STANDARDS NTSC (NATIONAL TELEVISION SYSTEM COMMITTEE) – 525/60 INTERLACED LINES; 30 FPS, USED IN US, CANADA, JAPAN, PHILIPPINES PAL (PHASE ALTERNATING LINE) – 625/50 LINES; 25 FPS, USED IN UK, WESTERN EUROPE, PARTS AFRICA, MIDDLE EAST, AUSTRALIA, CHINA SECAM (SÉQUENTIEL COULEUR ÀVEC MÉMOIRE) – OR SEQUENTIAL COLOR WITH MEMORY / SYSTEME ELECTRONIQUE POUR COLEUR AVEC MEMOIRE- 625/50 LINES; 25 FPS, USED IN FRANCE, EASTERN EUROPE, PARTS OF AFRICA AND RUSSIA
