1. Note taking

3. WHAT IS TEXT?

TEXT IS LINGUISTIC UNITS
WHICH IS FUNCTIONAL IN

4. LINGUISTIC UNITS ARE :
1. SOUND
2. MORPHEME
3.
4.
WORD
GROUP

5. PHRASE
6. CLAUSE
7. SENTENCE
8. PARAGRAPAH
FUNCTIONAL :
DOING SOMETHING MEANINGFUL, FULL OF MEANING,
EXPRESSING MEANING, HAVING MEANING, CONVEY
MEANING.

5. CONTEXT : “CO + TEXT”
“CO” MEANS:

„TOGETHER‟ „ACCOMPANY‟ „IN THE VICINITY‟
LINGUSTIC CONTEXT IS a co-text (internal), depend
on the linguistic unit which comes before or after one
in question.
EX. GREEN
She‟s wearing „green‟ hat (green= color)
John is „green‟, he is not to do the work well (green=
inexperience, less experience)
The fruit is „green‟. Do not eat it! (green= unripe, not
good for consumed)

6.  Social Context (external context)
This context is context which is not in the text.
It consists of:
 context of situation

 Field: the subject matter (what)
 Tenor: who to who
 Mode: how
 culture
 Ideology

7.  Ex. „bunga‟= more definitions
 What term. In biology, economics, etc.
 Ex. “operation”

Tenor: (who to who speaks)
We hold an operation tommorow.
 Doctor= medical operation
 General staff= military campaign, attack
 Peg. Bulog= to check the price in the market
Mode:----)meaning
Seriously
Playfully
Humorously
Spoken/written

8.  Linguistic Philosophy:

No identic words exactly in this worl, if the meaning is
the same, one will not exist.
Analogy:
a=b
a+1=b+1
Ex. Duit≠ uang
Mata uang≠ mata duit
Menteri keuangan≠ menteri duit
 uang≠duit

9. Semiotics

 Theory of semiotics as the basic of discourse
 Semiotics is the study of sign and meaning.
Language has sign (text or oral) and meaning.
 „meaning‟ coded byexpression
 Meaning‟‟realized expression
 Traffic light
„stop‟red light
„caution‟amber light
„ pass on‟ green light