2. NIHAR RANJAN JENA
BATCH-M2
FRANKFINN
TRAVEL
ASSIGNMENT

3. ACKNOWDGEMENT
 I am very thankful to frankfinn Institute Of Air Hostess Training
for giving us this travel assignment.
I am also thankful to my faculty Mr.Vikram Khanna for his
guidance and support.
Through this assignment we came to know more about this
industry and also about the world.
I am grateful to Frankfinn Institute for guiding me ahead with my
difficulties and being my encouragement and support throughout.
NIHAR RANJAN JENA

4. CUSTOMER DETAILS
 Name-Mr. Akash K. Jena
 Age-24years
 Citizenship-Indian
 Destination Preference-Places of Historic
Importance and Natural attractions.

7. INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL
 : Opening Doors for Your Future provides an holistic
view of the industry: its history, its constant growth
regardless of economic downturns, its importance in
the world, its various sectors and how they work
together, and the many
 opportunities it offers for those who choose to make
it their profession.
 It outlines the technical and people skills required to
advance in position and income,
 expand personal horizons and have fun fulfilling
people's dreams.

8. DESTINATION FOR TRAVEL
 U.S.A.
 (NEW YORK)
 (FLORIDA)
 CANADA
 (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
 (ONTARIO)

11. INTRODUCTION TO USA

12. Capital: Washington, D.C.
Dialing code: 1
Area: 9,826,675 km²
Population: 313.9 million
(2012)
Gross domestic
product: 14.99 trillion USD
(2011) World Bank
Government: Federal
republic, Constitutional
republic, Presidential system
United States of America

13. Geography:
USA, country in North America, consisting of 48 contiguous states and the non-
contiguous states of Alaska and Hawaii. The 48 states are between the Atlantic and
Pacific oceans, south of Canada and north of Mexico. The country's total area is
9,629,047 sq km (3,717,796 sq mi). The capital is Washington, D.C.New York City is the
largest city.
Land and Resources
Coastal plains along the eastern coast rise to mountain ranges further inland. Beyond
the Great Lakes, the midcontinent is dominated by the Great Plains, a fertile agricultural
area. From the western edge of the Great Plains, the Rockies and other mountain ranges
rise. Mountains continue almost to the western coastal area along the Pacific. The
United States has an extremely varied climate, but in general temperatures increase
from north to south.
The country has diverse vegetation, from tundra in northern Alaska to cypress and
mangrove stands along the Gulf of Mexico. Some 23 percent of the land is forested.
There are vast grassy plains in the middle of the country and desert conditions in the
southwest. Animal life is also varied, with mammals, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and
fish throughout. The United States is exceedingly rich in natural resources; a diversity of
crops and trees grows readily. The country contains significant deposits of many
important minerals, including more than one-fifth of the world's coal.
Hinduism also have significant numbers of followers.

14. Population:
he population of the United States is 267,954,767 (1997 estimate). Whites constitute
about 83 percent of the people; blacks, about 13 percent; Asians and Pacific
Islanders, about 4 percent; and Native Americans, about 1 percent. Hispanics, who
may also be counted among other groups, make up about 11 percent.
English is the main language, but many others are important, especially Spanish. Most
people are Christians. Although members of the various Protestant churches are most
numerous, Roman Catholics form the largest single religious group in the United
States. The major Protestant groups include the
Baptists, Methodists, Presbyterians, Pentecostals, and Episcopalians. The largest non-
Christian religion in the United States is Judaism. Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism
also have significant numbers of followers.
Economy:
The United States has one of the world's highest standards of living. Until the late
1800s agriculture was the dominant economic activity, but then industry gained
importance. The United States now leads all nations in the value of its yearly
manufacturing output. Leading goods are processed foods, transportation
equipment, chemicals, industrial machinery, and electronic equipment. The three
chief mineral products are fuels: petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Important metals
include gold, copper, iron, zinc, magnesium, lead, and silver.

15. HISTORY OF USA
 The history of the United states as covered in American schools
and universities typically begins with either Christ opher
Columbus‘s 1492 voyage to the America or with the prehistory of
the Native peoples, with the latter approach having become
increasingly common in recent decades
 Indigenous populations lived in what is now the United States
before European colonists began to arrive, mostly from
England, after 1600. By the 1770s,thirteen British
colonies contained two and a half million people. They were
prosperous and growing rapidly, and had developed their own
autonomous political and legal systems. The British Parliament
asserted its authority over these colonies by imposing new
taxes, which the Americans insisted were unconstitutional because
they were not represented in Parliament. Growing conflicts turned
into full-fledged war beginning in April 1775. On July 4, 1776, the
colonies declared independence from the Kingdom of Great
Britain and became the United States of America

16. With major military and financial support from France and military leadership by
General George Washington, the Patriots won the Revolutionary War and peace came
in 1783. During and after the war, the 13 states were united under a weak federal
government established by the Articles of Confederation. When these proved
unworkable, a new Constitution was adopted in 1789; it remains the basis of
the United States federal government, and later included a Bill of Rights. With
Washington as the nation's first president and Alexander Hamilton his chief advisor, a
strong national government was created. When Thomas Jefferson became president
he purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, doubling the size of American
territorial holdings. A second and last war with Britain was fought in 1812. The main
result of that war was the end of European support for Indian attacks on western
settlers.
Under the sponsorship of the Jeffersonian Democrats, and the Jacksonian
Democrats, the nation expanded to the Louisiana purchase and all the way to
California and Oregon, and a quest for inexpensive land for Yeoman farmers and
slave owners who promoted, democracy and expansion, at the cost of violence
and a disdain for European culture. The expansion, under the rubric of Manifest
Destiny was a rejection of the advice of Whigs who wanted to deepen and
modernize the economy and society rather than merely expand the
geography. Slavery of Africans was abolished in all the Northern states by
1804, but it flourished in the Southern states because of heavy European
demand for cotton.

17. DESTINATIONS TO TRAVEL
(a) NEWYORK
(b) FLORIDA

18. NEWYORK MAP

19. NEWYORK CITY
 1.Niagara Falls
 2.Statue of Liberty
 3. Brooklyn Bridge
 4.Empire State Building

20. INTRODUCTION
 New York is a huge city with several district articles
containing sightseeing, restaurants, nightlife and
accommodation.
 New York (also referred to as ―New York
City‖, ―NYC‖, or just ―the city‖) ,the biggest city in the
United States, lies at the mouth of the Hudson River.
 It has one of the largest and most famous skyline on
earth , dominated by the iconic Empire State
Building.

21. The "Big Apple," the "City That Never Sleeps"—New York is a city of
superlatives: America's biggest; its most exciting; its business and cultural
capitals; the nation's trendsetter. The city seems to pull in the best and the
brightest from every corner of the country. The city's ethnic flavor has been
nuanced by decades of immigrants whose first glimpse of America was the
Statue of Liberty guarding New York Harbour and by large expatriate
communities such as the United Nations headquartered there. Just minutes
from the multimillion-dollar two-bedroom co-op apartments of Park
Avenue, though, lies some of the most dire urban poverty in America. But
the attendant crime that affects New Yorkers and visitors alike has seen a
continued dramatic reduction from 1993 to 2004—NYC has a murder rate
half that of cities such as Los Angeles and Chicago, in part as the result of a
concerted effort by local agencies. But for all its eight million residents, New
York remains a city of neighbourhoods, whether it's avant-garde Greenwich
Village, bustling Harlem, the ultra-sophisticated TriBeCa, or one of the
ethnic enclaves such as Little Italy or Chinatown. And a
cleaner, brighter, safer New York is attracting people from around the world
who are coming to enjoy the city's renaissance.

22. HISTORY OF NEWYORK
 New York City began with the first European visit to the area by Giovanni
da Verrazzano, in command of the French ship La Dauphine, when he
visited the region in 1524. It is believed he sailed into Upper New York
Bay, where he encountered native Len ape, returned through The
Narrows, where he anchored the night of April 17, and then left to continue
his voyage. He named the area of present-day New York City Nouvelle-
Angouleme (New Angouleme) in honour of Francis I, King of France and
Count of Angouleme.
 European settlement began on September 3, 1609, when the
Englishman Henry Hudson, in the employ of the Dutch East India
Company, sailed the Half Moon through The Narrows into Upper New
York Bay. Like Christopher Columbus, Hudson was looking for a westerly
passage to Asia. He never found one, but he did take note of the
abundant beaver population. Beaver pelts were in fashion in
Europe, fuelling a lucrative business. Hudson's report on the regional
beaver population served as the impetus for the founding of Dutch trading
colonies in the New World, among them New Amsterdam, which would
become New York City. The beaver's importance in New York City history
is reflected by its use on the city's official seal.

23.  The City of Niagara Falls was incorporated on March
17, 1892 from the villages of Manchester and Suspension
Bridge, which were parts of the Town of Niagara. New
York State Governor Roswell P. Flower signed a bill into
law forming the city. Thomas Vincent Welch who was a
member of the charter committee and then a New York
state assemblyman, but more importantly a second-
generation Irishman, was there when the bill was
signed, and responsible for asking Governor Flower to
sign the bill on St. Patrick's Day. George W. Wright was
elected the first mayor of Niagara Falls
1.NIAGARA FALLS

25. NIAGARA FALLS

26. ABOUT
 Niagara Falls is in the Niagara Frontier region of
New York state.
 The Niagara Falls consist of three sections .The large
Canadian falls –with their distinctive curved shape-
are also known as the Horseshoe Falls.
 They are separated by Goat island from the
American Falls , which are separated by a small
island at their south end , from the narrow Bridal
Veil falls.

27. [hide]Climate data for Niagara Falls, New York International Airport
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average
high °F
(°C)
33
(1)
38
(3)
42
(6)
56
(13)
68
(20)
77
(25)
81
(27)
80
(27)
73
(23)
60
(16)
48
(9)
37
(3)
57
(14)
Average
low °F
(°C)
18
(−8)
18
(−8)
25
(−4)
36
(2)
46
(8)
57
(14)
61
(16)
60
(16)
52
(11)
42
(6)
33
(1)
23
(−5)
39
(4)
Precipit
ation in
ches
(mm)
2.72
(69.1)
2.12
(53.8)
2.49
(63.2)
2.83
(71.9)
3.01
(76.5)
2.87
(72.9)
3.17
(80.5)
2.77
(70.4)
3.32
(84.3)
2.95
(74.9)
3.04
(77.2)
3.03
(77)
34.32
(871.7)
Climate
Niagara Falls experiences cold, sometimes snowy winters and hot, often humid
summers. Precipitation is moderate and consistent in all seasons, falling equally
or more as snow during the winter. The temperature has dipped to as low as
−11 F (−24 C) as recently as 2003, 2005, and 2011.The hottest temperature in
the past decade recorded in Niagara Falls was 97 F (36 ) in 2005. The city has
much snowier than average winters than most cities in the USA, however less
than many other cities in Upstate New York including nearby Buffalo and
Rochester.

28. 2.Statue of Liberty
 The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty
Island in New York Harbour, designed by Frederic Bartholdi and dedicated
on October 28, 1886. The statue, a gift to the United States from the people
of France, is of a robed female figure representing Liberates, the Roman
goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet
evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American
Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet.
The statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States: a welcoming
signal to immigrants arriving from abroad.
 Bartholdi was inspired by French law professor and politician Eduard René
de Laboulaye, who commented in 1865 that any monument raised to
American independence would properly be a joint project of the French and
American peoples. Due to the troubled political situation in France, work
on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s. In 1875, Laboulaye
proposed that the French finance the statue and the Americans provide the
site and build the pedestal. Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-
bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were
exhibited for publicity at international expositions.

29. Location Liberty Island
New York City, New York, U.S.
Coordinates 40°41′21″N 74°2′40″W
Height 151 feet 1 inch (46 meters)
Ground to torch: 305 feet 1 inch (93 meters)
Dedicated October 28, 1886
Restored 1938, 1984–1986, 2011–2012
Sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi
Visitation 3.2 million (in 2009)
Governing body U.S. National Park Service

32. ABOUT
 The Statue of Liberty was presented to the United
States by the people of France in 1886.
 Worldwide , the Statue of Liberty is one of the most
recognizable icons of the United States and was from
1886 until the jet age ,often one of the first glimpses
of the United States for millions of immigrants after
ocean voyages from Europe.

33. 3.BROOKLYN BRIDGE
 The Brooklyn Bridge is a bridge in New York City and is
one of the oldest suspension bridges in the United States.
Completed in 1883, it connects
the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn by spanning
the East River. With a main span of 1,595.5 feet (486.3 m), it
was the longest suspension bridge in the world from its
opening until 1903, and the first steel-wire suspension bridge.
 Originally referred to as the New York and Brooklyn
Bridge and as the East River Bridge, it was dubbed the
Brooklyn Bridge, a name from an earlier January 25, 1867,
letter to the editor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, and formally
so named by the city government in 1915. Since its opening, it
has become an icon of New York City, and was designated
a National Historic Landmark in 1964and a National Historic
Civil Engineering Landmark in 1972.

34. Carries Motor vehicles (cars only)
Elevated trains (until 1944)
Streetcars (until 1950)
Pedestrians and bicycles
Crosses East River
Locale New York City (Manhattan–Brooklyn)
Maintained by New York City Department of
Transportation
Designer John Augustus Roebling
Design Suspension/Cable-stay Hybrid
Total length 5,989 feet (1825 m)
Width 85 feet (26 m)
Height 276.5 ft (84.3 m) above mean high
water
Longest span 1,595 feet 6 inches (486.3 m)
Clearance below 135 feet (41 m) at mid-span
Opened May 24, 1883; 129 years ago
Toll Free both ways
Daily traffic 123,781 (2008)

35. The Brooklyn Bridge, viewed from Manhattan

36. View from the pedestrian walkway. The bridge's cable arrangement forms a
distinct web like pattern.

39. ABOUT
 The Brooklyn Bridge ,one of the oldest suspension
bridges in the United States , stretches 5,989
feet(1825m)over the East River.
 Upon completion, it was the longest suspension
bridge in the world , the first steel-wire suspension
bridge , and the first bridge to connect to Long
Island.

40. 4.Empire State Building
 The Empire State Building is a 102-story skyscraper located in Midtown
Manhattan, New York City, at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street. It
has a roof height of 1,250 feet (381 meters), and with its antenna spire included, it stands
a total of 1,454 ft (443.2 m) high .Its name is derived from the nickname for New York,
the Empire State. It stood as the world's tallest building for 40 years, from its completion
in 1931 until construction of the World Trade Centre's North Tower was completed in
1972. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, the Empire State Building was again
the tallest building in New York (although it was no longer the tallest in the US or the
world). The Empire State Building was once again demoted to second-tallest building in
New York on April 30, 2012, when the new One World Trade Centre reached a greater
height. The Empire State Building is currently the third-tallest completed skyscraper in
the United States(after the Willis Tower and Trump International Hotel and Tower, both
in Chicago), and the 22nd-tallest in the world (the tallest now is Burj Khalifa, located in
Dubai). It is also the fourth-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas.
 The Empire State Building is generally thought of as an American cultural icon. It is
designed in the distinctive Art Deco style and has been named as one of the Seven
Wonders of the Modern World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The building
and its street floor interior are designated landmarks of the New York City Landmarks
Preservation Commission, and confirmed by the New York City Board of Estimate. It was
designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1986.In 2007, it was ranked number one
on the List of America's Favourite Architecture according to the AIA.

43. ABOUT
 Tallest building in New York , since the destruction
of the World Trade Center Twin Towers on 11
September 2001.
 Strongly consider going to the Empire State at night.

44. FLORIDA CITY

45. FLORIDA CITY
 Florida is a state in the south-eastern region of the United States,
bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by
Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by
the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 4th most
populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The
state capital is Tallahassee, the largest city is Jacksonville, and the largest
metropolitan area is the Miami metropolitan area.
 Much of Florida is a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic
Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Its geography is notable for a coastline,
omnipresent water and the threat of hurricanes. Florida has the longest
coastline in the contiguous United States, encompassing approximately
1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state that borders both the Gulf of
Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and
is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in
the north to tropical in the south . Some of its most iconic animals, such as
the American alligator, crocodile, Florid panther and the manatee, can be
found in the Everglades, one of the most famous national parks in the
world.

46. HISTORY
 Archaeological research indicates that Florida was first
inhabited by Palo-Indians, the first human inhabitants of
the Americas, perhaps as early as 14 thousand years ago.
The region was continuously inhabited through
the Archaic period(to about 2000 BC). After about
500 BC the previously relatively uniform Archaic culture
began to coalesce into distinctive local cultures .By the
16th century, the earliest time for which there is a
historical record, major Native American groups
included the Appalachia(of the Florida
Panhandle), the Temuco (of northern and central
Florida), the Ais(of the central Atlantic
coast), the Tocobaga (of the Tampa
Bay area), the Colusa (of southwest Florida) and
the Tequesta(of the south-eastern coast).

47. ATTRACTIONS
 1.MIAMI
 2.HOLLYWOOD
 3.DISNEY WORLD,ORLANDO

48. 1.MIAMI
 Miami is a city located on the Atlantic coast in south-eastern Florida and the county seat
of Miami-Dade County. The 42nd largest city proper in the United States, with a population of
408,568, it is the principal, central, and most populous city of the Miami metropolitan area,
and the most populous metropolis in the South-eastern United States. According to the U.S.
Census Bureau, Miami's metro area is the eighth most populous and fourth-largest urban
area in the United States, with a population of around 5.5 million.
 Miami is a major centre and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the
arts, and international trade. In 2010, Miami was classified as an Alpha- World City in the
World Cities Study Group‘s inventory. In 2010, Miami ranked seventh in the United States in
terms of finance, commerce, culture, entertainment, fashion, education, and other sectors. It
ranked thirty-third among global cities. In 2008,Forbes magazine ranked Miami "America's
Cleanest City", for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean
streets and city-wide recycling programs. According to a 2009 UBS study of 73 world cities,
Miami was ranked as the richest city in the United States, and the world's fifth-richest city in
terms of purchasing power. Miami is nicknamed the "Capital of Latin America", is the second-
largest U.S. city (after El Paso, Texas) with a Spanish-speaking majority, and the largest city
with a Cuban-American plurality.
 Downtown Miami and South Florida are home to the largest concentration of international
banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies. The Civic
Centre is a major centre for hospitals, research institutes, medical centres, and biotechnology
industries. For more than two decades, the Port of Miami, known as the "Cruise Capital of the
World," has been the number one cruise passenger port in the world. It accommodates some of
the world's largest cruise ships and operations, and is the busiest port in both passenger traffic
and cruise lines.

49. MIAMI CITY

50. CLIMATE
 Miami has a tropical monsoon climate with hot and humid summers and
short, warm winters, with a marked drier season in the winter. Its sea-level
elevation, coastal location, position just above the Tropic of Cancer, and proximity
to the Gulf Stream shapes its climate. With January averaging 67.2
°F (19.6 °C), winter features mild to warm temperatures; cool air usually settles
after the passage of a cold front, which produces much of the little amount of
rainfall. Lows sometimes fall below 50 °F (10 °C), but very rarely below 35 °F (2 °C).
Highs generally range between 70–77 °F (21–25 °C). The wet season begins some
time in May, ending in mid-October. During this period, temperatures are in the
mid 80s to low 90s (29–35 °C), accompanied by high humidity, though the heat is
often relieved by afternoon thunderstorms or a sea breeze that develops off the
Atlantic Ocean, which then allow lower temperatures, but conditions still remain
very muggy. Much of the year's 55.9 inches (1,420 mm) of rainfall occurs during this
period.
 Extremes range from 27 °F (−2.8 °C) on February 3, 1917 to 100 °F (38 °C) on July
21, 1940.Miami has never recorded an accumulation of snow, and has only once
recorded snow flurries, on January 19, 1977.
 Hurricane season officially runs from June 1 through November 30, although
hurricanes can develop beyond those dates. The most likely time for Miami to be hit
is during the peak of the Cape Verde season which is mid-August through the end of
September . Although tornadoes are uncommon in the Miami area, a tornado struck
the city in1925 and again in 1997.

51. Miamisummershower

53. ABOUT
 It is a coastal city in southeastern Florida , in the
United States.
 Miami Beach has been one of the America‘s
preeminent beach resorts for almost a century.
 The city was incorporated on 26 March 1915.

54. HOLLYWOOD
 Hollywood is a district situated in Los Angeles, California, United
States situated west-northwest of downtown Los Angeles. Due to its
fame and cultural identity as the historical centre of movie studios
and celebrities, the word Hollywood is often used as
a metonym of American cinema. Even though much of the movie
industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as West Los
Angeles and the San Fernando Valley, significant auxiliary
industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-
production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does
the back lot of Paramount Pictures.
 As a district within the Los Angeles city limits, Hollywood does not
have its own municipal government. There was an
official, appointed by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, who
served as an honorary "Mayor of Hollywood" for ceremonial
purposes only. Johnny Grant held this position from 1980 until his
death on January 9, 2008.

56. ABOUT
 Hollywood is a district in Los Angeles , California,
United States.
 Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical
canter of movie studios and movie stars , the word
―HOLLYWOOD‖ is often used as a metonym of
cinema of the United States.
 It is a popular destination for nightlife and tourism
and home to the Hollywood walk of fame.

57. The Capitol Records Tower in Hollywood

58. Hollywood boulevard from Kodak theatre

59. 3.DISNEY WORLD,ORLANDO
 The Walt Disney World Resort, commonly known as Walt Disney World and
informally as Disney World, is the world's most-visited entertainment
resort, located in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Covering 30,080 acres (12,173 ha;
47 sq mi), it is owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company through its Parks
and Resorts division and is home to four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-four
themed resorts (excluding eight more that are on-site but not owned by The Walt
Disney Company), two spas and fitness centres, five golf courses, and other
recreational and entertainment venues.
 The resort was developed by Walt Disney in the 1960s to supplement Disneyland
Park in Anaheim, California. In addition to hotels and a theme park similar to
Disneyland, Walt's original plans also included an "Experimental Prototype
Community of Tomorrow", a planned city that would serve as a test bed for new
innovations for city living. After extensive lobbying, the Government of
Florida created the Reedy Creek Improvement District, a special government
district that essentially gave the Walt Disney Company the standard powers and
autonomy of an incorporated city. Walt died in 1966 before his original plans were
fully realized.
 The resort opened on October 1, 1971 with the Magic Kingdom as its only theme
park, and has since added Epcot (1982), Disney's Hollywood
Studios (1989), and Disney's Animal Kingdom (1998).

61. Walt Disney World
Theme parks
Magic Kingdom
Epcot
Disney's Hollywood Studios
Disney's Animal Kingdom
Other attractions
Disney's Typhoon Lagoon
Disney's Blizzard Beach
Downtown Disney
ESPN Wide World of Sports
Disney's BoardWalk
Resort hotels
Walt Disney World Resorts

62. Type Division
Industry Theme Park operator
Founded October 1, 1971
Headquarters Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA
Key people George Kalogridis, President
Parent Walt Disney Parks and Resorts(The
Walt Disney Company)

65. MAP OF CANADA

66. Capital Ottawa
45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N
75.667°WLargest city Toronto
Official languages
English
French
Recognised
regional languages
Chipewyan
Cree
Gwich'in
Inuinnaqtun
Inuktitut
Inuvialuktun
Slavey (North / South)
Tłįchǫ
Demonym
Canadian
Government
Federal parliamentary
democracy under
constitutional monarchy
Monarch
Elizabeth II
Governor General
David Johnston
Prime Minister
Stephen Harper
Chief Justice
Beverley McLachlan
Legislature
Parliament
Upper house
Senate
Lower house
House of Commons

67. INTRODUCTION
Capital: Ottawa
Dialing code: 1
Prime minister: Stephen Harper
Government: Parliamentary system, Multi-party system, Constitutional monarchy
Provinces: Ontario, Québec, British Columbia, Alberta, Nova Scotia
Population: 34.48 million (2011) World Bank
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories.
Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific
and northward into the Arctic Ocean.

68. Continues…..
 The second largest country in the world, Canada‘s
incredible geographical variety is a significant tourist
attracter.
 Canada‘s three cities, Toronto, Vancouver, and
Montreal are largest major metropolitan areas , well-
known for their culture and diversity.
 Canadian historic sites across the nation are also
important to the tourist industry.

69. HISTORY
The name Canada comes from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word Kanata, meaning
"village" or "settlement". In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec
City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village
of Stadacona. Cartier later used the word Canada to refer not only to that particular
village, but the entire area subject to Donnacona (the chief at Stadacona); by 1545,
European books and maps had begun referring to this region as Canada.
In the 17th and early 18th centuries, "Canada" referred to the part of New France that
lay along the St. Lawrence River and the northern shores of the Great Lakes. The area
was later split into two British colonies, Upper Canada and Lower Canada. They were
reunified as the Province of Canada in 1841.
Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the legal name for the new
country, and the word Dominion was conferred as the country's title . However, as
Canada asserted its political autonomy from the United Kingdom, the federal
government increasingly used simply Canada on state documents and treaties, a
change that was reflected in the renaming of the national holiday from Dominion Day
to Canada Day in 1982.

71. DESTINATION IN CANADA
BRITISH COLUMBIA
1. Vancouver islands
2. Victoria
3. sun shine coast
ONTARIO
1. Toronto
2. CN Tower
3. HTO Park

72. BRITISH COLUMBIA
 British Columbia is the westernmost province of Canada. In 1871, it became the sixth
province of Canada. British Columbia is also a component of the Pacific Northwest, along with
the U.S states of Oregon and Washington . The province's name was chosen by Queen
Victoria in 1858, reflecting its origins as the British remainder of the Columbia District of
the Hudson's Bay Company. Its Latin motto is Splendour sine occasu ("Splendour without
Diminishment").
 The capital of British Columbia is Victoria, the 15th largest metropolitan region in Canada,
named for Canada's Queen at Confederation. The largest city is Vancouver, the third-
largest metropolitan area in Canada, the largest in Western Canada, and the second largest in
the Pacific Northwest. In 2009, British Columbia had an estimated population of 4,419,974
(about two and a half million of whom were in Greater Vancouver). The province is currently
governed by the BC Liberal Party, led by Premier Christy Clark, who became leader as a result
of the party election on February 26, 2011.
 British Columbia's economy is largely resource-based. It is the endpoint of transcontinental
railways and the site of major Pacific ports, which enable international trade. Though less than
five percent of its land is arable, the province is agriculturally rich (particularly in
the Fraser and Okanagan Valleys) because of its mild weather. Its climate encourages outdoor
recreation and tourism, though its economic mainstay has long been resource extraction,
principally logging and mining. While the coast of BC and certain valleys in the south-central
part of the province have mild weather, the majority of BC's land mass experiences a cold
winter temperate to subarctic climate similar to the rest of Canada.

73. HISTORY
 When the men returned from World War I, they discovered the
recently enfranchised women of the province had helped vote in
the prohibition of liquor in an effort to end the social problems
associated with the hard-core drinking that Vancouver and the rest
of the province was famous for until the war. Because of pressure
from veterans, prohibition was quickly relaxed so that the "soldier
and the working man" could enjoy a drink, but widespread
unemployment among veterans was hardened by many of the
available jobs being taken by European immigrants and disgruntled
veterans organized a range of "soldier parties" to represent their
interests, variously named Soldier-Farmer, Soldier-Labour,
and Farmer-Labour Parties. These formed the basis of the fractured
labour-political spectrum that would generate a host of fringe leftist
and rightist parties, including those who would eventually form
the Co-operative Commonwealth and the early Social Credit splinter
groups.

75. 1.Vancouver islands
 Vancouver Island, located in British Columbia, Canada, is the largest Pacific
island east of New Zealand Originally called Quadra and Vancouver Island after
Spanish navigator Juan de la Bodega y Quadra and British navy officer George
Vancouver, the island was first explored by British and Spanish expeditions in the
late 18th century. The former's name was eventually dropped and has since been
known solely as Vancouver. It is one of several North American locations named
after this British Royal Navy officer who explored the Pacific Northwest coast of
North America between 1791 and 1794. While the city of Vancouver is located on the
North American mainland, Victoria, the capital of British Columbia, is located on
the island. Along with the minor islands near its southern portion, it is the only part
of British Columbia that is south of the 49th Parallel.
 The island is 460 kilometres (290 mi) in length, 80 kilometres (50 mi) in width at
its widest point, and 32,134 km2 (12,407 sq mi) in area. It is the largest island on the
western side of North America, the world's 43rd largest island, Canada's 11th largest
island, and Canada's second most populous island after the Island of Montreal. The
Canada 2011 Census population is 759,366.Nearly half of these (344,630) live
in Greater Victoria. Other notable cities and towns on Vancouver Island
include Nanaimo, Port Alberni, Parkville, Courtenay, and Campbell River.

78. 2. Victoria
 Victoria is the capital city of British Columbia, Canada and is located on the
southern tip of Vancouver Island off Canada‗s Pacific coast. The city has a
population of about 80,017 within the metropolitan area of Greater Victoria, which
has a population of 344,615, the 15th most populous Canadian metro region.
 Victoria is about 100 kilometres (62 miles) from BC's largest city of Vancouver on
the mainland. The city is about 100 kilometres (62 miles) from Seattle by airplane,
ferry, or the Victoria Clipper passenger-only ferry which operates daily, year round
between Seattle and Victoria and 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Port
Angeles, Washington by ferry across the Juan de Fuca Strait.
 Named after Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and, at the time, British North
America, Victoria is one of the oldest cities in the Pacific Northwest, with British
settlement beginning in 1843. The city has retained a large number of its historic
buildings, in particular its two most famous landmarks, the British Columbia
Parliament Buildings(finished in 1897 and home of the Legislative Assembly of
British Columbia) and the Empress hotel(opened in 1908). The city's Chinatown is
the second oldest in North America after San Francisco's. The region's Coast Salish
First Nations peoples established communities in the area long before non-native
settlement, possibly several thousand years earlier, which had large populations at
the time of European exploration. Victoria, like many Vancouver Island
communities, continues to have a sizable First Nations presence, composed of
peoples from all over Vancouver Island and beyond.

81. 3. sun shine coast
 The Sunshine Coast is a region of the southern mainland coast of British
Columbia, Canada, on the mainland on the eastern shore of the Strait of Georgia,
and just northwest of Greater Vancouver. It includes the coastal areas of the
regional district of Sunshine Coast, where the name originated, and more recently
the regional district of Powell River up to and including the village of Lund, farther
up the coast.
 While populous and frequently visited by tourists, the Sunshine Coast can be
reached only by ferry (commonly BC Ferries) or by float/airplane; because of the
steep, rugged terrain, no access roads have been built around or across the fiords to
connect with the rest of the province. The area around Powell River, also on the
mainland and inaccessible by road, is considered by some to be part of the Sunshine
Coast, while others use the name to refer only to the area between Langdale (near
the Town of Gibson in the south) and Egmont (in the north).
 Population centres on the Lower Sunshine Coast include Gibsons (near the BC
Ferries terminal at Langdale for vessels coming from Vancouver),Roberts Creek,
and Sechelt on the isthmus. On the Sechelt Peninsula are Halfmoon Bay, Secret
Cove (in between Sechelt and Pender Harbour) and Pender Harbour. At the north
end of the peninsula, the ferry to Powell River docks near Egmont at Earl's Cove.
These small settlements are near Skookumchuck Narrows, where the
skookumchuck or "strong water", the world's biggest tidal marine rapids, channels
the tidal flow in and out of the fiord known as Sechelt Inlet.

85. ONTARIO
 Ontario is one of the provinces of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is
Canada's most populous province or territory and second largest province in total
area. Ontario is fourth largest in total area when the territories of The Northwest
Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa,
and the nation's most populous city, Toronto.
 Ontario is bordered by the province of Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay and James
Bay to the north, and Quebec to the east, and to the south by the U.S.
states of Minnesota, Michigan, New York, Ohio and Pennsylvania. All but a small
part of Ontario's 2,700 km (1,677 mi) border with the United States follows inland
waterways: from the west at Lake of the Woods, eastward along the major rivers and
lakes of the Great Lakes/Saint Lawrence River drainage system. These are the Rainy
River, the Pigeon River, Lake Superior, the St. Marys River, Lake Huron, the St.
Clair River, Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, Lake Erie, the Niagara River, Lake
Ontario and along the St. Lawrence River from Kingston, Ontario, to the Quebec
boundary just east of Cornwall, Ontario.
 Ontario is sometimes conceptually divided into two regions, Northern
Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontario's population and
its arable land is located in the south. In contrast, the larger, northern part of
Ontario is sparsely populated.

88. 1. Toronto
 Toronto is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It is
located in Southern Ontario on the north-western shore of Lake Ontario. Toronto is
a relatively modern city. Its history begins in the late 18th century, when the British
Crown purchased its land from the Mississauga's of the New Credit. The British
established a settlement there, called the Town of York, which its lieutenant
governor, John Graves Simcoe, designated as the capital of Upper Canada. The city
was ransacked in the Battle of York during the War of 1812. In 1834, York was
incorporated as a city and renamed Toronto. It was damaged in two huge
fires, in 1849 and 1904. Over the years, Toronto has several times expanded its
borders through amalgamation with surrounding municipalities, most recently in
1998.
 The city has 2.6 million residents, according to the 2011 Census. It is currently
the fifth most populous city in North America. The census metropolitan area (CMA)
had a population of 5,583,064,and the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) had a
population of 6,054,191 in the 2011 Census. Toronto is at the heart of the Greater
Toronto Area, and of the densely populated region in Southern Ontario known as
the Golden Horseshoe. Its cosmopolitan and international populationreflects its
role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada. Toronto is one of the
world's most diverse cities by percentage of non-native-born residents, with about
49% of the population born outside Canada. As Canada's commercial capital, it is
home to the Toronto Stock Exchange and some of the nation's largest
banks. Toronto will host the 2015 Pan American Games.

91. 2. CN Tower
 The CN Tower is a 553.33 m-high (1,815.4 ft) concrete communications and
observation tower in Downtown Toronto, Ontario Canada.It was completed in
1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure and world's tallest
tower at the time. It held both records for 34 years until the completion of Burj
Khalifa and Canton Tower in 2010. It remains the tallest free-standing structure in
the Western Hemisphere, a signature icon of Toronto's skyline, and a symbol of
Canada,attracting more than two million international visitors annually.
 Its name "CN" originally referred to Canadian National, the railway company that
built the tower. Following the railway's decision to divest non-core freight railway
assets, prior to the company's privatization in 1995, it transferred the tower to
the Canada Lands Company, a federal Crown corporation responsible for real estate
development. Since the name CN Tower became common in daily usage, the
abbreviation was eventually expanded to Canadian National
Tower or Canada's National Tower. However, neither of these names is
commonly used.
 In 1995, the CN Tower was declared one of the modern Seven Wonders of the
World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. It also belongs to the World
Federation of Great Towers, where it holds second-place ranking.

94. 3. HTO Park
 The park is built on quays that was once used by ships
berthing in Toronto's Inner Harbour.
 The park consists of two sections:
 HTO Park West is built on the eastern half of Maple Leaf Quay
 HTO Park East is built on the old Peter Street Slip
 The two quays are concrete man made infill from the early
20th Century. The eastern portion was home to Maple Leaf
Mills Silos until 1983. The western half was home to a smaller
industrial business with a small office structure and tanks
During the 1980s, a condo project was built on part of Maple
Leaf Quay while the rest stood empty as a parking lot. The
eastern portion lay empty in the 1980s and 1990s.