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Digestive System Terms
Chapter 8: Digestive System
Bio 120: Medical Terminology
Emily May
The Digestive System
● Three main functions include digesting food,
  absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste.
● Includes the physical and chemical breakdown
  of large food particles into simple nutrient
  molecules.
● Includes approximately 30 feet of continuous
  muscular tube called the gut, alimentary canal,
  or gastrointestinal tract that stretches between
  the mouth and anus.
● Also known as the Gastrointestinal System (GI).
Organs of the Digestive System
Main Organs         Accessory Organs
● Oral Cavity       ● Liver
● Pharynx           ● Pancreas
● Esophagus         ● Gallbladder
● Stomach           ● Salivary Glands
● Small Intestine
● Colon
How Does the Digestive System
Function?
Cirrhosis
● A chronic disease of
  the liver.
● Associated with
  failure of the liver to
  function properly.
● Commonly seen in
  patients with severe
  alcoholism.
Jaundice
● Yellow cast to skin,
  mucous membranes,
  and whites of eyes.
● Caused by deposit of bile
  pigment from too much
  bilirubin in blood.
● Often carcinoma of the
  liver or gallstones
  blocking the common
  bile duct.
Ulcerative Colitis
● Chronic inflammatory
  condition that
  produces numerous
  ulcers to form on
  mucous membrane
  lining of colon.
● Cause is unknown.
● Also known as
  inflammatory bowel
  disease (IBD).
Sources
Dannishi. (2009, July 23). Digestive System [Video file]. Retrieved
    from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7xKYNz9AS0
Fremgen, Bonnie F., & Frucht, Suzanne S.
    (2009). Medical Terminology: A Living Language. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
    Pearson Education, Inc.
Jordan, Jo. (2012). Jaundice Symptoms, Causes and Treatment.
    Retrieved October 9, from Puristat Digestive Wellness Center website: http://www.
    puristat.com/liver-cleansing/jaundice.aspx
UT Health Science Center. (2008, January 29). Digestive Disease Center. Retrieved from:
    http://digestivedisease.uthscsa.edu/colitis.asp
You Can Stop Drinking Now. (2012). Alcohol and Liver Disease - Cirrhosis Symptoms
and
    Treatment. Retrieved from: http://howistoppeddrinking.org/alcohol-and-liver-
    disease

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Digestive systemterms

  • 1. Digestive System Terms Chapter 8: Digestive System Bio 120: Medical Terminology Emily May
  • 2. The Digestive System ● Three main functions include digesting food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. ● Includes the physical and chemical breakdown of large food particles into simple nutrient molecules. ● Includes approximately 30 feet of continuous muscular tube called the gut, alimentary canal, or gastrointestinal tract that stretches between the mouth and anus. ● Also known as the Gastrointestinal System (GI).
  • 3. Organs of the Digestive System Main Organs Accessory Organs ● Oral Cavity ● Liver ● Pharynx ● Pancreas ● Esophagus ● Gallbladder ● Stomach ● Salivary Glands ● Small Intestine ● Colon
  • 4. How Does the Digestive System Function?
  • 5. Cirrhosis ● A chronic disease of the liver. ● Associated with failure of the liver to function properly. ● Commonly seen in patients with severe alcoholism.
  • 6. Jaundice ● Yellow cast to skin, mucous membranes, and whites of eyes. ● Caused by deposit of bile pigment from too much bilirubin in blood. ● Often carcinoma of the liver or gallstones blocking the common bile duct.
  • 7. Ulcerative Colitis ● Chronic inflammatory condition that produces numerous ulcers to form on mucous membrane lining of colon. ● Cause is unknown. ● Also known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • 8. Sources Dannishi. (2009, July 23). Digestive System [Video file]. Retrieved from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z7xKYNz9AS0 Fremgen, Bonnie F., & Frucht, Suzanne S. (2009). Medical Terminology: A Living Language. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc. Jordan, Jo. (2012). Jaundice Symptoms, Causes and Treatment. Retrieved October 9, from Puristat Digestive Wellness Center website: http://www. puristat.com/liver-cleansing/jaundice.aspx UT Health Science Center. (2008, January 29). Digestive Disease Center. Retrieved from: http://digestivedisease.uthscsa.edu/colitis.asp You Can Stop Drinking Now. (2012). Alcohol and Liver Disease - Cirrhosis Symptoms and Treatment. Retrieved from: http://howistoppeddrinking.org/alcohol-and-liver- disease