AI Lab at a Library? Why Artificial Intelligence Matters & What Libraries Can Do
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This document summarizes an AI lab presentation given at the American Libraries Association Annual Conference in June 2018. The presentation covered artificial intelligence topics including what AI is, how it is used today, and its applications in libraries. It also discussed the AI Lab at the University of Rhode Island, including its vision, funding, planning, and implementation. The presentation concluded with discussions of the challenges of AI including algorithmic biases and the importance of considering ethics for data science and AI.
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AI Lab at a Library? Why Artificial Intelligence Matters & What Libraries Can Do
- 1. AI Lab at a Library? Why Artificial Intelligence Matters & What Libraries Can Do Monday, June 25 10:30 - 11:30 AM MCC Rm 393 Please complete and return the quick evaluation card to the volunteers as you leave. Your feedback is important! To provide full evaluation responses of LITA @ 2018 ALA Annual conference complete this full survey using any of your devices: ▪ bit.ly/litaatannual2018
- 2. AI Lab at a Library? Why Artificial Intelligence Matters & What Libraries Can Do #AI_libs Bohyun Kim Chief Technology Officer & Associate Professor, University of Rhode Island Libraries American Libraries Association Annual Conference, June 25, 2018
- 3. What We Will Discuss Today I. Artificial intelligence (AI) • Purpose; Main drivers of the recent developments; AI in use today II. AI & Libraries III. The AI Lab at the University of Rhode Island IV. The Dark Side of AI & Algorithmic Biases V. The Future of AI
- 5. (a) What is the purpose of AI?
- 9. Examples of AI Applications • Siri • Alexa • Tesla • Amazon • Netflix • Pandora • Nest
- 11. (b) What drove the recent breakthroughs in AI? https://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/aimagazine/artic le/download/1904/1802
- 13. Machine Learning ⊂ Artificial Intelligence https://webdam.com/blog/machine-learning-making-dam-better/
- 16. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/26/technology/in-a-big-network-of-computers-evidence-of-machine- learning.html • +1 billion parameters • 16,000 CPU cores • 10 million unlabeled YouTube videos
- 17. (c) Artificial Intelligence in Use Today
- 18. https://www.technologyreview.c om/s/525586/facebook-creates- software-that-matches-faces- almost-as-well-as-you-do/ • +120 million weights • 9-layer neural network • 4 million images
- 25. (a) Abstracting & Indexing
- 27. (b) Information Discovery & Retrieval
- 31. (c) Feature Detection & Content Extraction
- 32. https://2018.code4lib.org/talks/deep-learning-and-historical-collections Also see : Eric Phetteplace, Bohyun Kim, and Ashley Blewer, “Reflections on Code4Lib 2018,” ACRL TechConnect (blog), March 12, 2018, https://acrl.ala.org/techconnect/post/reflections-on-code4lib-2018/.
- 34. (d) Voice User Interface (VUI) & Chatbots
- 37. https://books.google.com/talktobooks/query?q=what%20is%20the%20best%20place%2 0to%20go%20on%20earth
- 39. Jessamyn West, “TILT #55 - ‘Hey Google ARE Women Smarter than Men...?,’” TinyLetter (blog), accessed June 11, 2018, http://tinyletter.com/jessamyn/letters/tilt-55-hey-google-are-women-smarter-than-men.
- 40. Are libraries (library collections) ready for intelligent machines?
- 42. •Opportunities for improving existing library services/operation? •New library services or programs? •Challenges?
- 43. https://www.ibm.com/watson/ Delegation of High- Level Decisions
- 44. III.TheAI Lab at theUniversity of Rhode Island (URI)
- 48. What Inspired the URI AI Lab • A response to the freshmen survey results about topics they wished to see in the college curriculum. • Dovetails with already existing initiatives at URI • Big Data cluster • A new BS/BA major in data science • DataSpark , a non-profit data analytics firm, acquired by URI in 2017, is placed under the URI Libraries. • Started as a grant proposal for the Champlin Foundation in the summer of 2017.
- 49. Participants • A team led by the Dean of the URI Libraries, Karim Boughida • PIs collaborating across multiple disciplines: • University Libraries • Department of Computer Science & Statistics /Big Data Initiative and Data Science Programs • Department of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering • Department of Philosophy Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 50. (a) Vision & Funding
- 51. The AI Lab at URI - Vision • To provide an easy-to-access facility at a centralized location (the main library), which not only serves all disciplines, but also thousands of information-seeking students per day. • The URI AI Lab as the first in the nation to be located in a library and to function as an information-rich source for all those wishing to learn about artificial intelligence, both theoretically and practically. Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 52. Funding • The grant was awarded in the fall of 2017. • Approximately $143,000 from the Champlin grant award • Additional commitment from participating colleges, the URI Libraries, and the URI Provost’s office
- 53. (b) Planning
- 54. Focus • Facilitate student learning on AI • Multi-disciplinary approach to foster thinking and collaboration across different subject areas • Three different zones to provide “learning-by-doing” experiences for students through course projects or personal interest.
- 55. Learning Zones • Zone 1: AI Workstations for Individualized Learning • Zone 2: Hands-on Project Bench • Deep Learning Robots: programmobilerobots instrumentedwithcameras, radars, sensors, andactuators; buildAI algorithms tonavigatebothknown andunknownenvironments. • Internet-of-things forSmartCities: aphysical model of RhodeIsland containingdistributedsensors andactuators todesignintelligent algorithmic projects tocontrol cityenvironments suchas lighting, traffic, transit and parking. • Big DataAnalytics: access andanalyzevarious kinds of bigdataavailablein publicdomain. • Zone 3: AI Hub for Collaborative Thinking Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 56. Designed to Be Integrated with URI Courses • Wearable Internet of Things (ELE 491/591) • apply machine/deep learning algorithms to enhance designed wearables that collect data on health. • Neural Engineering (BME 468/ELE 568) • utilize the AI Lab’s processing power to gain a deeper understanding of using brain electrical activity to control robots and other technology. • Philosophy (PHL 103) • undertake foundational programming exercises, allowing students to engage in discussions related to relationships between man and machine. Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 59. Beyond Course Projects • Expected to serve as a generator of new courses exploring AI from fields outside computing, engineering, and mathematics. • Examining the implications of AI for neuroscientific applications to health and cognition (psychology/health studies) • Clarifying what constitutes “thinking” and whether self-aware machines have rights (philosophy) Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 60. Beyond Course Projects [continued] • Hosts events to identify and bring together faculty, staff and the greater community with an active interest in AI from diverse vantage points. • Lectures and talks • Hackathons open to students from URI and beyond • Opportunities to integrate AI-focused learning experiences into existing K-12 initiatives, such as SMILE (Science and Math Investigative Learning Experience) and the RI STE(A)M Center (which promotes K-12 scientific literacy) Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017.
- 62. Implementation Currently Underway i. Computing Equipment ii. Space & Furniture iii. Talks & Events iv. Brainstorming
- 63. [i] Computing Equipment • Decided on equipment optimized for machine learning/deep learning tasks • Server: Nvidia DGX-1 Server for GPU computing • Workstations: Lambda Tensorbooks
- 65. Source: Kunal Mankodiya, Aras Dargazany, Cheryl Foster, Joan Peckham, Harrison Dekker, Angel Ferria, and Karim Boughida, "ai.uri: The Artificial Intelligence Lab (a grant proposal)," September, 2017. [ii] Space & Furniture
- 66. https://www.meetup.com/URI-AI/ [iii] Talks & Events
- 67. “People of Color in AI: A Discussion on Ethical Implications and Impacts,” a recent event held at the URI Libraries. https://web.uri.edu/li brary/2018/03/29/peo ple-of-color-in-ai-a- discussion-on- ethical-implications- and-impacts/
- 69. Potential Offerings • Table One: Events • Table Two: Instruction and Courses • Table Three: AI Lab Technology • Table Four: AI Ethics
- 70. [v] Challenges
- 72. IV.The Dark Side ofAI & Algorithmic Biases
- 78. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/09/technology/facial-recognition-race-artificial-intelligence.html
- 86. Image from Max Tegmark, Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (New York: Knopf, 2017), p.53. Figure 2.2: Illustration of Hans Moravec’s “Landscape of Human Competence”
- 88. Ethics Revisited https://pixel.nymag.com/imgs/daily/selectall/2016/08/09/09-trolley.w710.h473.jpg
- 89. What Is a Machine To Do?
- 90. Ethics for Data Science & AI • It’s popular for people nowadays to suddenly bring up ethics as if it will solve all the problems. • Ethics isn’t there to give us answers. • Ethics is there to show how complicated the Qs are in the first place.
- 91. Why AI Matters to Librarianship