My presentation on my Network Theory at James Cook University, 2010.

1. Presentation by Raden Sucalit Cloud Computing: A Quick Snapshot

3. What really is it?

4. Architecture/Taxonomy

5. Delivery Models/Layers

6. Deployment Models/Types

7. Challenges and Opportunities

8. Summary

10. 4 As the world gets smarter, demands on IT will grow Intelligent oil field technologies Smart retail Smart energy grids Smart traffic systems Smart healthcare Smart food systems Smart water management Smart regions Smart weather Smart countries Smart supply chains Smart cities

11. 5 CLOUD “the complicated stuff” that propels the Internet

12. 6 2006

13. 7

15. 9 Economics of Cloud Computing CLOUD COMPUTING + + + = = VIRTUALIZATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDIZATION AUTOMATION leverages virtualization, standardization and automation to free up operational budget for new investment Reduced Cost + + + = = AGILITY BUSINESS & IT ALIGNMENT SERVICE FLEXIBILITY INDUSTRY STANDARDS OPTIMIZED BUSINESS allowing you to optimize new investments for direct business benefits

16. 10 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Collaboration CRM/ERP/HR Industry Applications Java Runtime Application Business Processes Middleware Database Development Tooling Platform Web 2.0 Application Runtime Infrastructure Servers Networking Storage Data Center Fabric

17. 11 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Flexibility & Control Abstraction Application Platform Infrastructure

19. Service known as Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

21. 13 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Application Platform Collaboration CRM/ERP/HR Industry Applications Infrastructure Business Processes

26. 15 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Application Platform Java Runtime Middleware PROJECT CAROLINE Database Infrastructure Development Tooling Web 2.0 Application Runtime

28. Service is called Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

29. Based on virtualization technology

30. Deployment unit is a Virtual Appliance

32. Security, Availability and QualityApplication Platform Networking Data Center Fabric Storage Infrastructure Servers

33. 17 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Application Platform Networking Data Center Fabric Storage Infrastructure Servers

34. Infrastructure vs. Platform 18

35. 19 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Application / Cloud Application / SaaS / HuaaS Firmware / Hardware / HaaS Platform / Cloud Platform / PaaS / Cloud Software Envt Business Support & Administration Infrastructure / IaaS / Cloud Software Infrastructure Software Kernel

36. 20 Proposed Ontology by IBM, UCSB Cloud Application (SaaS) Cloud Software Environment (PaaS) Cloud Software Infrastructure Storage (DaaS) Communications (CaaS) Computational Resources (IaaS) Software Kernel Firmware / Hardware (HaaS)

37. Proposed Ontology by FZI Karlsruhe, HP Laboratories Human as a Service Software as a Service Platform as Service Business Support and Administration Infrastructure as Service Hardware

38. Proposed Ontology by FZI Karlsruhe, HP Laboratories Human as a Service Software as a Service Platform as Service Business Support and Administration Infrastructure as Service Hardware

39. 23 Cloud Computing Delivery Models / Layers Application / Cloud Application / SaaS / HuaaS Firmware / Hardware / HaaS Platform / Cloud Platform / PaaS / Cloud Software Envt Business Support & Administration Infrastructure / IaaS / Cloud Software Infrastructure Software Kernel

41. Access by subscription

42. Delivers select set of standardized business process, application and/or infrastructure services on a flexible price per use basis

44. Access limited to client and its partner network.

47. Access by subscription

48. Delivers select set of standardized business process, application and/or infrastructure services on a flexible price per use basis

49. Domain specific, intellectual property, reliability, sensitive dataStandardization, flexibility , capital preservation, and time to deploy ORGANIZATION CULTURE GOVERNANCE

51. Access limited to client and its partner network.

52. Drives efficiency, standardization and best practices while retaining greater customization and controlCustomization, efficiency, availability, resiliency, security and privacy ORGANIZATION CULTURE GOVERNANCE

55. Access by subscription

56. Delivers select set of standardized business process, application and/or infrastructure services on a flexible price per use basis

58. Access limited to client and its partner network.

61. 30 TRADITIONAL SECURITY PRIVACY INFANCY Challenges and Opportunities THIRD PARTY CONTROL AVAILABILITY ENERGY CONSUMPTION

63. Government compliance and restrictions limit usage of cloud services as currently designed

64. There have been a number of high-profile privacy breaches

66. Lack of research tools fail to answer most fundamental questions in the field

68. VM-level attacks such as the vulnerabilities that appeared in VMWare, Xen, and Microsoft Virtual PC

69. Platform level attacks such as SQL injections or cross-site scripting

70. Phishing cloud provider

72. One-day outage of Gmail in mid-October, 2008

73. Over 7-hour downtime of Amazon S3 on July 20, 2008

74. 18-hour outage on October 31, 2008

75. Cloud providers argue that their server uptime compares well with the availability of the cloud

76. Concern that third-party cloud would not scale enough

77. There are more single points of failure and attack

78. Assurance of computational integrity

80. Lack of potential control and transparency when third-party holds the data

82. It is important that they be designed to be energy efficient

84. Image Credits Images & Text from Slides 3, 4, 8, 24, 28 (Series of Boxes, Cloud) What is Cloud Computing? Powerpoint Presentation. IBM Technologies. Images from Slide 37 (Series of Boxes) The Benefits of Cloud Computing: A new era of responsiveness, effectiveness and efficiency in IT service delivery. IBM. Dynamic Infrastructure. July 2009. Sun Report on Cloud Computing Architecture. March, 2009 ThinkGrid Business IT on Demand White Paper on Cloud Computing Images from Slide 3 (Man with Question Mark) Greenpeace International. White Paper on Make IT Green: Cloud Computing and its Contribution to Climate Change The Benefits of Cloud Computing: A new era of responsiveness, effectiveness and efficiency in IT service delivery. IBM. Dynamic Infrastructure. July 2009. All company logos from their respected websites Google Docs, Google Maps API, Open Social, OpenID, Office Live, Salesforce.com, Akamai, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, NetSuite, Sun, Zoho, Amazon, Digg.com, University of Iowa, Youtube, AppNexus, Bluelock, Emulab, ENKI, EU Reservoir Project, Flexiscale, GoGrid, Google, HP, Joyent, Nirvanix, OpenFlow, RackSpace, Skytap, Terremark, The Globous Alliance, UCSB, 10gen 38

85. 39 References [1] U. D. o. H. Security, Smart Objects: IBM Global Technology Outlook 2005, US Department of Homeland Security, 2005. [2] R. Clarke. "Computing Clouds on the Horizon? Benefits and Risks from the User's Perspective," May 1, 2010; http://www.rogerclarke.com/II/CCBR.html. [3] T. Nolle. "Understanding cloud computing architecture models," http://searchvirtualdesktop.techtarget.com/tip/0,289483,sid194_gci1349265_mem1,00.html. [4] G. International, Make IT Green: Cloud Computing and its Contribution to Climate Change, Greenpeace International, Amsterdam, 2010. [5] H. Mcleod. "The Cloud's Best-Kept Secret," http://gapingvoid.com/2008/08/01/the-clouds-best-kept-secret/. [6] M. Crandell. "Defogging Cloud Computing: A Taxonomy," April 20, 2010; http://gigaom.com/2008/06/16/defogging-cloud-computing-a-taxonomy/. [7] G. Fowler, and B. Worthen. "The Internet Industry is on a Cloud -- Whatever That May Mean," http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123802623665542725.html#printMode. [8] S. Bobrowski. "Cloud Computing Defined," http://thecloudview.com/cloud-computing-defined/. [9] R. Buyya, C. S. Yeo, S. Venugopal et al., “Cloud computing and emerging IT platforms: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility,” Future Gener. Comput. Syst., vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 599-616, 2009. [10] M. Armbrust, A. Fox, R. Griffith et al., “A view of cloud computing,” Commun. ACM, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 50-58.

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87. 41 References [23] T. O'Reilly. "Web 2.0 and Cloud Computing," May 5, 2010; http://radar.oreilly.com/2008/10/web-20-and-cloud-computing.html. [24] S. O'Grady. "Cloud Types: Fabric vs Instance," http://redmonk.com/sogrady/2008/11/14/cloud-types/. [25] M. Pokharel, and J. S. Park, “Cloud computing: future solution for e-governance,” in Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance, Bogota, Colombia, 2009. [26] M. Miller, Cloud computing : Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online, Indianapolis, Ind.: Que, 2008.

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