This document discusses key concepts in photography including the history of photography from Mo-Ti in the 5th century BC to the invention of the Daguerreotype in 1836. It then covers topics such as lens types, the lens maker's equation, depth of field, factors that influence depth of field like aperture, focus, and focal length. It also discusses techniques like macro photography, focus stacking, tilt-shift photography, and the Scheimpflug principle.

3. Abelardo Morell

4. In the beginning …

6. Mo-Ti (Chinese philosopher) 470-390 BC

8. Daguerrotype 1836

9. Daguerre & Niepce 1838

10. 35 mm – Leica / Leitz

11. Charge-coupled Device (CCD) 1969 @ Bell Labs

12. Lenses & Depth of Field

13. Nimrud Lens – 2700 years old (probably magnifying glass – focus light)

14. Wikipedia: double convex lens

15. Wikipedia: thin lens Lens maker’s equation: ?

16. Wikipedia: thin lens Lens maker’s equation: 1/s1 + 1/s2 = 1/f

17. DEMO
http://graphics.stanford.edu/courses/cs178/applets/thinlens.html
lenstoys: pinhole and lens-based camera

18. In practice, it’s a little more complex
• Various lens elements
can move
inside the lens
– Here in blue
Source: Canon red book.

19. Circle of confusion
From Basic Photographic Materials and Processes, Stroebel
circle of confusion

20. Depth of focus
From Basic Photographic Materials and Processes, Stroebel

21. Frédo Durand — MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory - fredo@mit.edu
Depth of Field: Dependence on Aperture

22. Frédo Durand — MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory - fredo@mit.edu
Depth of Field: Dependence on Focus

23. Frédo Durand — MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory - fredo@mit.edu
Depth of Field: Dependence on Focal Length
• Remember definition of f-stop = diameter/focal length

24. DoF & aperture
• http://www.juzaphoto.com/eng/articles/depth_of_field.htm
f/2.8 f/32

25. Macro depth of field is shallow
• Remember: shallower
with smaller focusing
distance
Macrophotography: Learning from a Master

26. PhotoMontage
• Combine multiple photos

27. Macro montage
• http://www.janrik.net/ptools/ExtendedFocusPano12/index.html
• http://www.outbackphoto.com/workflow/wf_72/essay.html
• 55 images here

28. Tilt Shift

29. From Photography, London et al

30. From Photography, London et al

31. From Photography, London et al

32. From Photography, London et al.

33. From Photography, London et al

34. From Photography, London et al

35. http://www.flickr.com/photos/pgoyette/107849943/in/photostream/

37. Scheimpflug
principle