Production and market of paraquat in china

CCM Data & Primary Intelligence

Production and Market of Paraquat in China

- The Second Edition

Sep. 2009

Researched & Prepared by:

Guangzhou CCM Information Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou, P. R. China

Copyright by Guangzhou CCM Information Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (P. R. China)
Any publication, distribution or copying of the content in this report is prohibited.
Website: http://www.cnchemicals.com
Tel: +86-20-3761 6606
Fax: +86-20-3761 6968
Email: econtact@cnchemicals.com

Website: http://www.cnchemicals.com Email: econtact@cnchemicals.com
Tel: +86-20-3761 6606 Fax: +86-20-3761 6968

Description:

China’s paraquat industry has developed rapidly in recent years, with technical output growing with
CAGR of 21% in 2003~2008. As the largest paraquat technical supplier in the world, China has created
a new record in paraquat technical capacity in 2009, hitting 105,000t/a. China’s paraquat capacity has
already exceeded the demand, but some large producers are still expanding the capacity. Why do they
choose to do so and how do they survive the intense competition?

Besides, with current global financial crisis, export of most herbicides, including glyphosate, has
suffered obvious decline in 2009. However, paraquat export continues to see promising prospect, with
export volume of technical reaching 53,000 tonnes in H1 2009, up 33% year on year. Why paraquat is
so special and what kind of characteristics have contributed to its great success in herbicide market?
How is the development trend in the future?

Given China’s paraquat changing trend in 2008-2009, both domestic and overseas enterprises should
pay close attention to existing and potential competitors in China, especially their technology
improvement, production cost and market activities, etc., for the sake of seizing business opportunities.

This report, based on CCM’s paraquat report finished in 2007 and its continuous monitoring on this
industry in the past two years, will provide in-depth analysis on China’s current paraquat industry and
future trends, in terms of technology innovation, waste treatment, export situation, raw material supply,
pricing, etc. With wider perspective, this second edition of paraquat report will provide you with CCM’s
primary intelligence.

Penetrating into China’s paraquat market, this report not only updates all the data needed to Sep. 2009,
but also strengthens the following aspects:

Technology⎫ development situation and future trends;
Changing raw material supply and⎫ its impact on paraquat production and price;
Paraquat registration⎫ situation in the past few years;
Governmental policies on paraquat⎫ production and improvement on waste treatment;
Price changes in recent⎫ years and future trend;
Analysis on paraquat export and future⎫ development;
Consumption investigation.⎫

What can you benefit from this report?

As China’s paraquat has been playing a crucial role in global market and its eye-catching performance
under current global financial crisis will continue in the future, investment opportunities do exist in
Chinese market. With CCM’s insight on this industry, the updated report will provides much useful
information to the senior executives and decision makers who are seeking for investment opportunities
within the industry.

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What’s more, this report, covering the whole industrial chain of paraquat, will also provide useful
information to the upstream producers, as it has analyzed the raw material production and supply
situation in detail, thus bringing unexpected benefits to those players.

Main content:

No. Content Page
Executive summary 1
Source and methodology 3
I Herbicide industry in China 5
I-1 Overview of Herbicide industry 5
I-2 Position of paraquat in herbicide industry 7
II Paraquat upstream industry 8
II-1 Brief introduction to raw materials involved in paraquat production 8
II-2 Introduction to major raw materials of paraquat 8
II-2-1 Pyridine 8
II-2-2 Methyl chloride 10
II-2-3 Impact of raw material on paraquat industry 11
III Paraquat industry 12
III-1 Paraquat development history in China 12
III-2 Paraquat registration situation in China 14
III-3 Paraquat production technology in China 16
III-3-1 Brief Introduction to different methods 16
III-3-1.1 Cyanide method 16
III-3-1.2 Other paraquat production methods 21
III-3-2 Comparison of different paraquat production methods 25
III-3-3 Production cost 26
III-3-4 Current technology level 26
III-3-5 Current research status 27
III-4 Paraquat supply in China 29
III-4-1 Overall situation of paraquat technical 29
- Production situation 29
- Geographical distribution 31
- Key factors 32
III-4-2 Overall situation of paraquat formulation 32
III-5 Trade of paraquat in China 36
III-5-1 Paraquat price and its influencing factors 36

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- Factors affecting the price 36
- Price change of paraquat 37
III-5-2 Import and export of paraquat technical and formulation 38
- Export price 38
- Export destination 41
- Export situation by manufacturers 41
- Trade trend of paraquat in next five years 54
III-6 Demand for paraquat in China 55
III-6-1 Consumption pattern of paraquat technical 55
III-6-2 Application of paraquat formulations 56
IV Future forecast on paraquat in the next 5 years 68
IV-1 Drivers and barriers for paraquat development in China 68
IV-2 Future forecast on paraquat to 2014 70
V Conclusion and commercial opportunities 72
VI Appendix: Profile of major paraquat producers in China 74
VI-1 Syngenta Nantong Crop Protection Co., Ltd 74
VI-2 Nanjing Redsun Group Co., Ltd. 75
VI-3 Hebei Shijiazhuang Baofeng Chemical Co., Ltd. 76
VI-4 Hubei Sanonda Co., Ltd. 77
VI-5 Shandong Jinan Lvba Chemical Co., Ltd. 79
VI-6 Zhejiang Yongnong Chem. Ind. Co., Ltd. 80
VI-7 Shandong Lvfeng Pesticide Co., Ltd. 81
VI-8 Shandong Qiaochang Chemical Co., Ltd. 82
VI-9 Shandong Dacheng Pesticide Co., Ltd. 84
VI-10 Hubei Xianlong Chemical Co., Ltd. 85
VI-11 Shandong Kexin Biochemical Co., Ltd. 85
VI-12 Shijiazhuang Jitaisanmu Chemical Co., Ltd. 86
VI-13 Hebei Taoyuan pesticide Co., Ltd. 87

Executive summary:

With rapidly developed herbicide industry, reflected by sharply increasing output and enriching varieties,
China has become a major herbicide supplier in the world. It was estimated that herbicide output in
China had reached XXXX tonnes in 2008, ranking the first in the world.

As a non-selective herbicide and with so many years’ promotion, paraquat has won an irreplaceable
position in weed control of orchard, corn fields, no-tillage fields and mulberry fields. Paraquat
consumption had grown with CAGR of XXXX% in 2004~2008, higher than the average consumption

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growth of all herbicides (about XXXX%) in the same period.

China is the largest paraquat technical and formulation producer in the world. As of Aug. 2009,
paraquat technical capacity in China has reached XXXXt/a, which has exceeded the demand. Paraquat
technical output was XXXX tonnes in 2008, with CAGR of XXXX% in 2004 -2008.

Though paraquat capacity has exceeded the demand, some large paraquat technical producers are
still planning to expand the capacity, which may further deteriorate the overcapacity situation and wash
out some uncompetitive producers in the future.

Both the overseas and domestic demand for paraquat is increasing rapidly in recent years.
Consumption volume of paraquat technical and 20% AS had grown with CAGR of XXXX% in
2003-2008.

As of Aug. 2009, there are XX active paraquat technical producers in China, mainly concentrating in
Jiangsu, Hebei and Shandong. Major producers include Nantong Syngenta (XXXXt/a), Jiangsu Redsun
(XXXXt/a), Hubei Sanonda (XXXXt/a), Shandong Lvba (XXXXt/a), etc.

From 2004 to 2008, price of paraquat technical and formulation had increased gradually, and reached
the peak in Aug. 2008, thanks to high raw material price and increasing paraquat demand both at home
and abroad. Affected by the global financial crisis and intense competition among domestic producers,
paraquat price began to drop in Aug. 2008. In Aug. 2009, mainstream quoted price for paraquat
technical is USDXXXX/t, while that for formulation is USDXXXX/t. With more and more sufficient
pyridine supply, its impact on paraquat price will become smaller and smaller in the future.

A large proportion of paraquat technical produced in China is exported, accounting for XX% of total
output in 2008. Thailand is the largest export destination for Chinese paraquat technical, followed by
Indonesia and Australia. Chinese paraquat formulation export is mainly to Nigeria, Indonesia, Vietnam,
Thailand and Ecuador.

Character of CCM' Report:

The aim of this report is to provide powerful assistance to the strategy group and the management
team in making correct decision as how to penetrate the ever-increasing China market and how to
catch the maximum commercial opportunities. The report is formulated independently by CCM’s
professional market researchers, based on the first-hand and primary data which are analyzed by
scientific methodology, confirmed with both manufacturers/end users/traders and legal authorities, and
presented in a logic way.

Sample pages：

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III-4 Paraquat supply in China

III-4-1 Overall situation of paraquat technical
……..

 Production situation

China’s paraquat industry developed fast in recent years with CAGR of xxxx from 2004 to 2008.
It is estimated that paraquat technical capacity with reach xxxxx t/a in 2009, with output of
xxxxx tonnes in 2008.
……..

Figure III-4-1-1 Output of paraquat technical in China, 2004-2008
……..

Table III-4-1-1 Basic information of paraquat technical producers, 2009
No. English name Abbreviation Location Status '09

1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Jiangsu Active

2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx Active

3 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Active

4 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx Active

5 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx Active

6 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx

7 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Shandong xxxxx

8 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Zhejiang xxxx

9 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx

10 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx

11 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxx

12 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx

13 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx

14 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx stopped

Source: CCM International

Table III-4-1-2 Paraquat technical output breakdown by producers, 2006 to H1 2009
Capacity '09, Output, tonne
No. Abbr.
t/a H1 2009 2008 2007 2006
1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx

2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 15,000 xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx

3 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx





8 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 2,500 xxxxxx xxxxxx






14 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx

Total xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx


Paraquat technical capacity in China has greatly exceeded the demand, thus leading to low
operating rate of less than xx% in 2008. ……..
. ……….

Table III-4-1-3 Producers who have stopped paraquat production as of Aug. 2009
No. Company Location time

1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx Stopped in 2007

2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx

3 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx

4 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Shanghai xxxxx

5 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx

6 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx


……..

III-4-2 Overall situation of paraquat formulation

China is also the largest paraquat formulation supplier in the world. Generally, the most
common paraquat formulation is paraquat AS 20% (calculated by weight-to-volume ratio) and
paraquat AS 25%. In this report, we mainly discuss paraquat AS 20%.

 Production situation
……..

Figure III-4-2-1 Output of paraquat formulation in China, 2003 to 2008
……..

 Manufacturers

Table III-4-2-1 Major paraquat formulation producers in China, 2008
Output
No. English name Abbreviation Location
'08
1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx

2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx



5 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx


7 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx




11 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 800

12 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx 800


14 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx

15 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx


17 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx


19 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx


x xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx

Others xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx

Total - xxxxx


III-5 Trade of paraquat in China

III-5-1 Paraquat price and its influencing factors

 Factors affecting the price

 Raw material
………..

Figure III-5-1-1 Price of pyridine and paraquat in China, 2004 to 2008
……..

 Supply and demand
…………

 Price change of paraquat
……..

III-5-2 Import and export of paraquat technical and formulation

Figure III-5-2-5 Export volume and price of paraquat, H1 2009
……..

Table III-5-2-1 Export volume of top four producers(tonne)
2006 2007 2008
No. Producers
Technical 20% AS Technical 20% AS Technical 20% AS

1 xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx 621.470 xxxxxxx xxxxxxx

2 xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx



Total xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxxxxx


Table III-5-2-4 Main exporters of paraquat, 2008(Quantity: tonne; Price: USD/kg)
Technical 20% AS
No. Exporter Value
Quantity Price Quantity Price
1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx










11 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx 1,146.835 xxxx xxxxxxx


13 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 381.850 xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx



16 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx 3.21 xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx

17 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx 1,463,439

18 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx 2.75 xxxxxxx

19 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx 2.70 xxxxxxx


xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx

Total xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx


Table III-5-2-5 Main exporters of paraquat, H1 2009(Quantity: tonne; Price: USD/kg)
Technical 20% AS
No. Exporter Value
Quantity Price Quantity Price

1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx







8 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx



11 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx


13 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx 2.44 xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx

14 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 250.940 xxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx

15 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx 2.20 xxxxxxxxx

16 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx 1.97 xxxxxxxxx




20 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx 138.400 xxx 930,896



xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxx

Total xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxx


……..

III-6 Demand for paraquat in China

III-6-1 Consumption pattern of paraquat technical

China’s paraquat consumption has been increasing in recent few years with the rising
domestic demand. In China, over xx% of paraquat technical is exported, and the rest is used to
produce paraquat formulations, mainly paraquat AS 20%. The domestic consumption of
paraquat (converted to paraquat technical) has increased from xxxxxxx tonnes in 2004 to
xxxxx tonnes in 2008 with CAGR of xxxx%.

Figure III-6-1-1 Consumption pattern of paraquat technical in China, 2004-2009
……..

III-6-2 Application of paraquat formulations

Paraquat is used to control broad leave weeds and grasses, but less effective on deep rooted
plants. It does not harm mature bark, and is thus widely used for weed control in fruit orchards
and crops in zero tillage land, including corn, rubber, bean, cane and tea. It is used for weed
control on non-crop land and can be used as a defoliant for cotton before harvest.

……..

Figure III-6-2-1 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20% in China, 2008
……..

Figure III-6-2-2 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20%, 2006-2008
……..

 Orchard

……

Figure III-6-2-3 Consumption structure of paraquat AS 20% in orchards in China, 2008
……..

Figure III-6.2-4 Geographical distribution of main orchards in China, 2008
……..

Figure III-6-2-5 Orchard area in China, 1997-2008
……..

 Banana
……………

 Apple plantation
........

 Corn

……..

Figure III-6-2-6 Corn planting area in China, 1997 to 2008
………….

Production and market of paraquat in china

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