2. Standards
• 4c Students know how mutations in the
DNA sequence of a gene may or may not
affect the expression of the gene, or the
sequence of amino acids in an encoded
protein.
• 4d Students know how specialization of cells in
multicellular organisms is usually due to
different patterns of gene expression rather
than to differences in the genes themselves.
3. What is autism ?
• Autism is a mental disability that gives
difficulty in reading, speaking, and making
relationships with people.
• Autism affects information getting to the
brain.
• Autism was first discovered in 1938 by an
Australian pediatrician, Hans Asperger.
5. Risk factors
• Childs gender
• Family history
• Parent ages
• Identical twins
• Premature birth
6. Childs gender
• Boys are three to
four times more
likely to develop
autism than girls
are.
• The boys cant be
carriers of the | | |
disease because of
the “y”
chromosome.
7. Family history
• Parents that have had
one or more child with
autism have the
probability of having
the other child being
autistic. Even if
relatives have had
autistic children the
disease can be carried
in the family.
8. Parents age
• Studies have shown that having the mother
or father being 40 or older can increase the
probability of the child being autistic.
• This is why because women are born with a
certain number of eggs and lose a certain
number too which can complicate the child's
development.
• Men might experience a decline in fertility
starting in their late 30’s.
9. Identical twins
• Having identical twins
can cause autism.
• When the babies are
growing they are
developing. Their
genes may be shared
just like diseases and
autism can be passed
to the identical twin.
• The type of autism can
vary.
10. Premature birth
• Having a baby be born
premature can be a risk
factor for autism.
• The low birth weight can
cause problems in the
child.
• This is why because the
fetus isn’t developed well
enough and could have
complications in its body.
13. Speech therapy
• This kind of therapy helps autistic children
speak.
• In these therapies children do reading exercises.
14. Music therapy ♪ ♫
• Music therapies help children express
themselves threw music.
• It can make life beautiful for autistic children. It
can make them feel happy.
15. Social skills therapy
• Social skills therapists focus on game
playing, sharing and conversation with the
autistic children.
• In these therapies children interact with one
another.
16. Behavior therapy
• Behavior therapy
helps autistic children
control their emotions.
• Behavioral therapy
can be used as
decrease or increase
any behavior.
• Like anger In this picture the
management. child is having
therapy in his
house. He is happy
learning.
17. The best treatment would be
having the family be with
them to support them.
