Steven Hauser NREL presentation.

1. Smart Grid Technology
India Ministry of Power
& Ministry of New and
Renewable Energy Visit
to Colorado
May 16th, 2001
Steve Hauser
Vice President
Grid Integration
NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.

2. Today’s Electricity System
• Production follows demand
• Largely electromechanical
• High carbon/low storage
• Blind to
distribution/demand
• Very little information and
control
• Central planning, design
and operation
• Aging assets
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3. 21st Century Electricity System
• Information-rich
• Distributed design
and operation
• Clean tech priority
• Ubiquitous storage
• Automated
operations
• Highly differentiated
energy services
• End-user
participation
• Smart homes &
buildings
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4. NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY 4

5. PJM Real-Time Load Duration Curve
NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC. 5

6. Ecology of Technologies
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7. Typical Smart Meters
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8. Smart Grid Building Blocks
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9. NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY LABORATORY 9

10. Interoperability: Not Just a Technical Challenge
8: Economic/Regulatory Policy Fully engaging the
regulatory and policy
Organizational
(Pragmatics)
7: Business Objectives communities
6: Business Procedures
Defining new business
5: Business Context
models and
Informational understanding the value
(Semantics) propositions
4: Semantic Understanding
3: Syntactic Interoperability
Striving for uniformity in
Technical
the upper layers, to
2: Network Interoperability
(Syntax) enable scale-up to large
1: Basic Connectivity
markets
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11. Utility Scale Storage
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12. Electrifying Transportation
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13. Will Work for Fuel…
What am I ?
480,000 Vehicles in United States
Average ~66 miles per day
MPG = ~7
Parked 12 hours at same location
Parked for 3 months
Great public visibility
Available for a full time summer job.
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14. Impacts of Storage
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15. Updating Grid Infrastructure
New tech (HTS)
Sensors
Automation
Voltage reduction
Ancillary services markets
Heterogeneous reliability
Fault detection
Flexibility
Self-healing
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16. Visualizing Power Flows & Faults
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17. Managing Variability
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18. Wind and Solar Intermittency Present Dispatch and
Distribution System Challenges
Wind profile pattern in April 2007
700
Each Day is a different color.
600
Day 29
Megawatts
500 Day 9
400
Day 5
Day 26
300
Average
200 NREL Mesa Solar - August (24 days)
700
100
600
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
500
-100
Hour
400
Power (kW)
Smart charging has the 300
potential to dispatch the EV 200
load synergistically with
100
intermittent resources such as
wind and solar 0
-100
0 5 10 15 20 25
Wind - Alec Brooks (Tesla Motors), Sven Thesen (PG&E). V2G Demonstration and Evaluation Program. EVS23. (2007) Hour
Solar – Tony Markel, National Renewable Energy Laboratory
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19. Transformer Loads with PHEVs
*Home Charging Only
20
houses / transformer
Rated Transformer
Insulation Temp
100%
penetration of EVs
with 2.6 kWh of
Transformer
Rated Load charge required per
PEV (36 vehicles) @
3.3 kW charge rate.
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20. Variable Wind Generation
PJM Wind Output vs Capability 2009
3,000
MW CAPACITY
2,500
Capacity Factor = 24.8%
2,000
MW
1,500
1,000
500
0
8,760
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21. Fast Regulation: Speed Matters…
A fossil power plant
following a regulation
command signal
Energy Storage Output
Regulation Signal
Energy Storage
(batteries / flywheels)
accurately following a
regulation command
signal
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22. www.Smartgrid.gov
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23. Contact
Steve Hauser
Vice President, Grid Integration
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
1-303-275-3122
Steven.Hauser@nrel.gov
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