Python Notes for mca i year students osmania university.docx
Kingdom Protista
1. Kingdoms of the Living WorldKingdoms of the Living World
Classically 2 KingdomsClassically 2 Kingdoms
They were :They were :
PlantsPlants
AnimalsAnimals
2. Kingdoms of the Living WorldKingdoms of the Living World
Today 5 Kingdoms:Today 5 Kingdoms:
MoneraMonera –– Bacteria and Blue-green AlgaeBacteria and Blue-green Algae
FungiFungi –– Fungi and Slime-moldsFungi and Slime-molds
ProtistaProtista –– ProtozoansProtozoans
PlantsPlants
AnimalsAnimals
4. What is a Protozoan ???What is a Protozoan ???
Single celledSingle celled
EukaryoticEukaryotic organismsorganisms
EuEu –– TrueTrue
KaryoticKaryotic - Nucleus- Nucleus
5. Possess organelles to carry out complexPossess organelles to carry out complex
functionsfunctions
RespirationRespiration –– Cell membraneCell membrane
Water BalanceWater Balance –– Contractile vacuolesContractile vacuoles
DigestionDigestion –– Food VacuolesFood Vacuoles
LocomotionLocomotion –– Cilia, Flagella, PseudopodiaCilia, Flagella, Pseudopodia
6. LocomotionLocomotion
FlagellaFlagella
Present in FlagellatesPresent in Flagellates
((EuglenozoaEuglenozoa,, DinoflagellataDinoflagellata))
Built like a cableBuilt like a cable
Arise fromArise from KinetosomeKinetosome ––
provides energyprovides energy
Beats like an OarBeats like an Oar
Jerky movementJerky movement
7. LocomotionLocomotion
CiliaCilia
Present in CiliatesPresent in Ciliates
((CiliophoraCiliophora))
Identical to FlagellaIdentical to Flagella –– OnlyOnly
shortershorter
KinetosomesKinetosomes connected byconnected by
KinetodermalKinetodermal fibersfibers
Allows for coordinationAllows for coordination ––
smooth movementsmooth movement
21. CiliatesCiliates
ParameciumParamecium
Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction –– ConjugationConjugation
2 types of Nuclei2 types of Nuclei
MacronucleusMacronucleus
MicronucleusMicronucleus
22.
23. ApicomplexaApicomplexa
Most are parasiticMost are parasitic
Usually 2 types of hostsUsually 2 types of hosts
Definitive hostDefinitive host –– Final hostFinal host
Intermediate hostIntermediate host –– mode of transportmode of transport
Plasmodium causes MalariaPlasmodium causes Malaria
27. Higher Classification ofHigher Classification of
ProtozoansProtozoans
PhylumPhylum ApicomplexaApicomplexa
ClassClass CoccideaCoccidea (parasites of invertebrates)(parasites of invertebrates)
ClassClass SporozoaSporozoa (e.g.,(e.g., Plasmodium-Plasmodium- malaria)malaria)
Mosquito is the vector; human is the hostMosquito is the vector; human is the host
28. Higher Classification ofHigher Classification of
ProtozoansProtozoans
PhylumPhylum CiliophoraCiliophora (ciliates)(ciliates)
All have ciliaAll have cilia
All have macronucleus (i.e., vegetative)All have macronucleus (i.e., vegetative)
All have micronucleus (i.e., reproductive)All have micronucleus (i.e., reproductive)
All haveAll have cytostomecytostome