Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen | Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps - 02 octobre 2015

Impossible d'afficher l'image. Votre
E v e n t F u e l C e l l s & H y d r o g e n - C a m p u s S p a F r a n c o r c h a m p s – 0 2 / 1 0 / 1 5
Cluster Technology of
Wallonia Energy, Environment
and sustainable Development
1
Event Fuel Cells
&
Hydrogen
02 octobre 2015 Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps

Impossible d'afficher l'image. Votre
E v e n t F u e l C e l l s & H y d r o g e n - C a m p u s S p a F r a n c o r c h a m p s – 0 2 / 1 0 / 1 5
PROGRAMME
•  09 :00 : Welcome speech - Mr. Cédric Brüll, Director of Cluster TWEED & Mr.
Jean-Michel Pirlot, Managing Director of Campus
•  09 :15 : State of the art of the FCH – R&D vision - Dr. Aman Dhir MEng (Hons)
PhD from the University of Birmingham
•  09 :45 : Our car as power plant - Dr. PV ARAVIND, Professor at the TU Delft
•  10 :15 : Mr. Vincent Mattelaer, Senior Technical Trainer FCV at Toyota Motor
Europe
•  11 :15 : Mr. Ismael Aso, R&D Engineer - Senior Project Manager at MC Phy
•  11 :30 : Research axes on multi-pack fuel cells - Mr. Pierre Detre, Director Segula
Technologies Benelux
•  11 :45 : EU vision of H2/FCH - Mr. Patrick Maio, Managing Partner at Hinicio
•  12 :00 : Market vision from an energy provider - Mrs. Miriam Eklo, Direction of
Research & Technology at Engie (GDF Suez)

General presentation
Skills Center
Vocation Training center for different target groups
Technology platform
Support to the local economic development - Incubator
Projects department
Auteur : Jean-Michel Pirlot

Training center
Training degrees
Trainees
Job seekers – 100.000 h/year
Education (teachers + students) – 15.000h/year
Private companies – 2.000h/year
Training degrees
Master and Certificate – 30% by industries, 30% by university, 30% company internship
Bachelor – 35% technology, 45% workshop, 20% company internship
Technician – Theoretical courses to practical exercices
Operator – Knowhow
All levels can be adapted to private companies

Offers of training
Training available
Automotive and motorcycle technician
Motor sport technicien – auto and moto
Composite operator
Welding
Manufacturing
Electromecanicial technicianµ
Electromecanicial technicianµ
Hybrid and electric vehicle
Futur development
CNG motorisation
Fuel cells and Hydrogen motorisation
Smart-Grid technology

Infrastructure
Class room
Workshop
Thermic engine test bench
Roller test bench
Machining center
Welding

Projects department
Solar PanelSolar Panel
Combined heat and power
Wind Turbine
PLC
Electrical network
Electric Motor test bench

Projects department
Ready for the futur > Present
Drive 2 CNGDrive 2 CNG
Know Hy
CASTT

ThanksThanks forfor youryour attentionattention
ThanksThanks forfor youryour attentionattention

1
THE CLUSTER TWEED
AND ITS MEMBERS
Event H2 – Campus Spa
02/10/2015

TWEED : “Sustainable Energy”
Cluster in Wallonia
Ø  Created in 2008
Ø  More than 100 members:
SME’s, Universities,
R&D centers, NPO’s, …
Ø  Mission: Networking,
Promotion, Project Leading, …
Ø  Workgroups: solar energy,
biomass, wind power,
energy efficiency, …
Ø  Full partner of research projects in EU
Ø  Main Partners for International : Renewable Energy Club Agoria &
AWEX
2

WHAT ARE WE DOING ?
3
Our first mission is to pave the way for the setting up of
high quality and industrial-size projects in the fields of
production and exploitation of sustainable energy,
profitable enough to attract appropriate financial means.

WHAT ARE WE DOING ?
4
•  Networking between industrial or commercial companies and
others actors of sustainable energy sectors.
•  Reactive and proactive approaches in order to stimulate new
projects.
•  Set-up technical support and management of projects.
•  Promote networking by organizing specific events, general
meetings, workshops, bilateral meetings, face-to-face meetings,
visits to companies,...
•  Develop synergies with other actors of sustainable energy
sectors (clusters,...).
•  Local and international promotion of members.
•  Carrying out industry, technical, market and economic studies
on sustainable energy sector.
•  Participation in European projects (Organext, BioEnNW)

OUR MEMBERS
5
TWEED members are companies having HQ in Wallonia or in
Brussels, active in the sustainable energy sector.
Type of companies:
•  General contractor / integrators in energy sector
•  Technology developper
•  Components manufacturer
•  Services: engineering, consultancy, carbon traders, financial and
legals partners
•  Investment companies
•  R&D centers, universities
•  Training
•  Public partners
•  …

www.REWallonia.be !
7
Discover technological players in

8
SOLAR ENERGY

www.solarpvwallonia.be
9
Ø  Sectoral and strategic study in 2012
Ø  Online a map of actors

SOLAR ENERGY
10
•  Integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) (Issol)
•  Tracking software, intelligent analysis and automatic
reporting of renewable producible (3E)
•  Thermodynamic solar tower (CMI)
•  Test of photovoltaic and thermal solar panels (Eliosys)

SOLAR ENERGY
11
•  Project EU PV-Crops: Network integration, real-time
tracking and performance diagnostic (APERe)
•  Photovoltaic coating on textile (Centexbel)
•  Project PVMaint: Installation and maintenance of
photovoltaic (Decube Consult, Eliosys, Technifutur)

SOLAR ENERGY
12
•  Project Solace: Development of optimization methodology of
solar printed glass interface increases the overall performance
of solar modules (CSL, CRM, Eliosys)
•  Project Solinox: Development of an innovative solar thermal
collector by its design and industrial manufacturing sector
(circulation of coolant between 2 sheets of steel welded pre)
(CEWAC, UMONS)
•  Project SolarCycle: Recovery and Recycling of Photovoltaic
Units Out of Use (Comet Processing, RECMA, ULB / M & M,
Ulg / Greenmat)

13
BIOMASS ENERGY

www.biomasswallonia.be
14
Ø  Sectoral and strategic study in 2013
Ø  Online a map of actors

BIOMASS ENERGY
15
•  Active support of promoters
•  Support for training: ‘maintenance of anaerobic digestion
installations’
•  Supporting the emergence of innovative technological
o  Gasification (Xylowatt, CMI)
o  Pyrolysis (SO.TRA.EX, CMI Nesa)
o  Biogas (GreenWatt: Opuntia project (cactus))

BIOMASS ENERGY
16
•  Project Phoenix: Recovery of organic materials contained in scrap
metal shredder residue to produce alternative liquid hydrocarbons, metal
concentrates and carbon useful for the steel industry (Certech Comet
Processing, CRM, Ulg)
BEMA Project: Opera&ng CO2 sequestra&on power of microalgae for the
produc&on of biodiesel and high-value molecules (N-Side, ULg, UCL)

17
WIND ENERGY

19
19
www.windturbinewallonia.be

WIND ENERGY
20
•  Integration of Walloon subcontractors to the wind value chain
•  Monitoring of the regulatory framework for the installation of
wind power
•  Small windturbines (Fairwind, Eowind, Xant)

WIND ENERGY
21
•  Maintenance training (basic) and work at height
(Technifutur, Technocampus)
•  Simulation tool for offshore wind installation
operations (ULg)
•  Study Software winds (ATM-Pro, 3E)

WIND ENERGY
22
•  Computational Fluid Dynamics and 3D modeling (Cenaero,
Numeca, Ansys, Siemens LMS Samtech)
•  Predictive maintenance and production optimization (ATM-Pro,
Maintenance Partners, PEPITe, Technifutur, Technocampus, ULB,
UMONS: Power Project)

23
ENERGY EFFICIENCY,
SMART GRID
& STORAGE

ENERGY EFFICIENCY
24
•  Construction NZEB buildings in the Walloon Region (Cenaero:
Project B-Alive)
•  Monitoring production and energy consumption (Dapesco: Lyon
Airport)
•  High electricity power consumption and network flexibility (Prayon
PEPITe: Energy Maestro)
•  Energy management, production forecast and renewable energy
consumption in buildings (Meterbuy, ATM- Pro, CETIC, UCL: Project
Solaractiris)

SMART GRID
25
•  PV micro-array coupled to a fleet of electric cars (Siemens Project
Volt-Air)
•  Optimized means flexibility, storage and production of industrial
sites (N-Side Project Industore)
•  Fine prediction of electrical energy produced from renewable
sources, of troubleshooting, operation of these diagnoses and
upgrades simulation (GreenWatch, PEPITe, ULB, ULg: Project
Premasol)

STORAGE
26
•  Project Sotherco: Inter-seasonal thermo-chemical storage (Be
basement, Umons)
•  Project SOLAUTARK: Study and development of a "solar autarkic"
system for single or multiple housing (Be basement, UMONS, ULg,
Arcelor Mittal)
•  Project BATWAL: Development of lithium-ion batteries to paint for local
storage and integration into the global network for effective management
of electrical energy in Wallonia
•  Project Flexipac: Flexibilisation of the uses of heat pumps and other
charges moved for optimizing local production of intermittent renewable
energy sources (Ulg / BEMS)
•  Project MESB: Energy storage in the building (ULB / ATM)
•  Project Accutherm: Combined heat and cold storage for some
industrial uses through the innovative use of phase change materials
(De Simone, CSL, CRM)

www.REWallonia.be !
27
Additional informations?

TWEED Asbl
Rue Natalis 2 – 4020 Liège – Belgium
Bricout Paul
Project engineer
pbricout@clustertweed.be
Olivier Ulrici
Project engineer
oulrici@clustertweed.be
Cédric Brüll
Director
cbrull@clustertweed.be
28
www.clustertweed.be

State of the art of the FCH – R&D vision
Dr Aman Dhir
Centre for Fuel Cell & Hydrogen Research
School of Chemical Engineering
University of Birmingham
Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen
Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps
2nd October 2015

Overview
• University of Birmingham
• Current Status
• Hydrogen
• Fuel Cells
• Applications
• Progress
• The Future?
Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Campus
Automobile Spa-Francorchamps
02/10/15 2/54

Centre for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research
www.fuelcells.bham.ac.uk
02/10/15
3/54

0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Cellvoltage/V
Cellcurrent/A
PEFC Development
manufacturingmaterials
characterisation
prototypes
Specific work:
-ab initio modelling
- reduction of platinum loading
(e.g. nano particles, rGO, Pt-alloys, µ-organisms etc.)
- increase in operating temperature (IT-PEFC)
-optimisation of components (BiP coatings, GDL, etc.)
- increasing lifetime, diagnostics
Centre of DoctoralTraining - Fuel Cells & their Fuels
02/10/15
4/54

SOFC Development
Specific work:
- fuel impurity tolerance, reducing coking
- reducing degradation & improving lifetime
- accelerated testing procedures
- modelling anode recycle, reforming,
current oscillations
long-term testing & degradation
modelling
materials
- ScCeSZ anode supported cells
- optimisation of components (e.g.
interconnect coatings)
- system integration with metal
hydride storage
02/10/15
5/54

FC Applications: Vehicles & CHP
Specific work:
- systems suitable for vehicle operation
- optimisation of vehicle drive train concepts
- APU and vehicle function energy supply
- CHP applications
- increase of performance, reliability and lifetime
FCV
integration
& control
02/10/15
6/54

Socio-Economic Studies
Topics:
- understanding FC market uptake
- overall costs of H2&FC employment
- integration into larger systems,
e.g. cities
- environmental impact assessment
- nano-particle health impact
- policies
02/10/15
7/54

Fuel cells and Hydrogen
• More efficient energy conversion
• Lower emissions
• Flexibility in fuel choice, including fuels from renewable sources
• Increased flexibility in the energy supply system
• Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe
• Colourless & Odourless
• However, it does not naturally exist on earth in its elemental form
• Hydrocarbons , Water, Etc...
• High energy content
02/10/15 8/54

Hydrogen Cycle
Liberation Storage Applications
Economics
02/10/15 9/54

Current Size of the Market & Market Demand
Hydrogen production
• Approx - 500 x 109 Nm³ per year worldwide
• Approx - 60 x 109 Nm³ per year in EU (~ 180 GWh)
• Annual rise since year 2000 ~ 5 to 10%
Comparison:
• World natural gas market 2.4 x 1012 Nm³ p.a.
• EU natural gas market 470 x 109 Nm³ p.a. (ca. 5 TWh)
• Ammonia Synthesis
 ~ 50% of the world demand
• Crude Oil Refining
• Methanol Synthesis
• The rest ~ 5%
• Fuel Cells
• Others
• Increasing at ~1% per year
02/10/15 10/54

Storage
4 kg hydrogen 110l
57l33l26l
Mg2FeH6 LaNi5H6 H2 (liquid) H2 (200 bar)
Louis Schlapbach & Andreas Züttel,
NATURE, 414, p.353, (2001)
02/10/15 11/54

Hydrogen Storage Densities
Andreas Züttel, “Materials for hydrogen storage”, Materials Today, September 2003, pp.18-27
Hcov
H-
H2
Metal
hydrides
02/10/15
12/54

What is a Fuel Cell?
Picture (c) James Courtney (UoB)
02/10/15
13/54

How does a Fuel Cell work
02/10/15
Picture (c) James Courtney (UoB)
14/54

Fuel Cells could replace
Internal combustion engines (ICE)
- in vehicles
- in Combined Heat and Power (CHP) units
GenSets (mobile power)
Batteries
Combined Cycle Power Stations
On-board Electricity Generation
(Auxiliary Power Units, APU)
.... and supply decentralised or grid-independent power anywhere at any
scale
02/10/15 15/54

Fuel Cells in Comparison
battery CHP ignition
engine
fuel cell
el. Efficiency n.a. ~ 30-40% n.a. 25 to 55%
Noise ++ - -- +
Modularity ++ -- - ++
Weight -- n.a. o +
Range -- n.a. + o
Costs -- o + --
Emissions n.a. o - ++
Overall
Efficiency
n.a. ~ 95% 12 to 18% ~ 90%
02/10/15 16/54

Competing with Batteries
Source: AZ State Univ02/10/15 17/54

Main Markets
Stationary Power
• Uninterruptible power supplies
• Combined heat and power
Vehicles
• Private cars
• Commercial vehicles
• Planes
Portable Power
• Soldier power
• Remote power - luxury
02/10/15
18/54

Major Market: Stationary Power
• CHP: uses both heat and
electricity from fuel cell
• Ranges from single home to
large office /commercial scale
• Natural gas fuel can be used
• Works with grid interconnection
• Feed-in tariff
• Can replace gas boiler
02/10/15
19/54

Major Market: Vehicles
• Fuel cell produces power for
electric motors
• Ranges from motorbike to
cars, buses and trucks
• Compressed gas or liquid
hydrogen
• Fuel cell-battery hybrids
are common
Honda
02/10/15
20/54

Major Market: Portable Power
• Small and lightweight systems
• Low power applications
• Soldiers’ equipment
• Laptops, phones and other portable
electronics
• Grid independence
• Longer lifetimes than batteries could
give
• Can be liquid fuel
• (e.g. methanol)
02/10/15
21/54

Current and Predicted Market Sizes
Stationary power
• 10,000 sold in Japan... 100’s in Germany... Few in the UK...
• Potential to replace all gas boilers (100s of millions)
Vehicles
• Demonstration projects on-going, real launch “soon”
 Toyota Mira / Hyundai leading launch
• Realistic projections suggest up to 10% of new sales by 2030
Portable power
• Already a commercial success! 200,000+ sales per year
• Potential for billions per year if they can undercut batteries
02/10/15
22/54

Case Study: Forklifts
• Indoor factory floor
• Noise & Emissions
• Battery lifetime too short
• Mainly PEM FC
• Hundreds made
• Pay for themselves in
increased productivity
02/10/15
23/54

Case Study: Camper vans
Holiday/Luxury
• Higher prices acceptable
Rules on emissions in e.g. national
parks
 Comfort
 Quieter
 Less vibration
 Convenience
02/10/15
24/54

Case Study: Unmanned Air Vehicles
Excess solar energy during the day
• Electrolysis
• H2 storage
PEM FC
02/10/15
25/54

So, how good are they?
How can we balance “low” and “high” things?
• Need to find a common measure for comparison
• Need to find the right numbers
Pros:
 High electrical efficiency
 High overall efficiency
 Less distribution losses
 Lower carbon generation
 No emissions at point of
use
 Lower fuel bills
Cons:
 More expensive to buy
 Lower lifetimes
 Poor infrastructure for
fuel
 Not zero carbon
 Public perception of
safety
 “Disruptive”
02/10/15
26/54

How high is the efficiency?
Boundaries
• Purchased system and fuel: Customer proposition
PEM stack electrical efficiency can be >60%
Overall system efficiency about 1/3 lower
In real-world use, domestic systems have:
• 28–35% electrical efficiency
• 40–50% thermal efficiency
02/10/15
27/54

In real-world use, domestic PEMFC systems have:
• 28–35% electrical efficiency
• 40–50% thermal efficiency
Compared to combined-cycle gas turbines:
• 44% electrical efficiency
…or domestic gas boilers:
• 86% thermal efficiency
0% thermal efficiency…
0% electrical efficiency...
02/10/15
28/54

0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
ElectricalEfficiency
Thermal Efficiency
PEMFC
SOFC
PAFC
AFC
Averge heating
Condensing boiler
CCGT plant
Average grid mix
How can we compare different types of efficiency?
02/10/15
29/54

How good are CO2 savings per household?
• How does this
translate into carbon
savings?
• 1‒2 tonnes per
year in Japan or
Germany
• Depends strongly on
which technology is
replaced!
02/10/15
30/54

How much do they cost?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000
PriceperSystem(€thousands)
Cumulative Installations
Lower Bound
Average
Upper Bound
Historic price data
2005
2006
2007
2004
2008
2009 - 2011
Staffell & Green, 2009, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 34(14) 5617-5628
02/10/15
31/54

Increasing Manufacturing Capacity
HEXIS
Plansee Staxera
HEXIS
Vaillant
02/10/15 32/54

Building Production Capacity
SOFCPower manufacturing plant in Germany
• capacity up to 10000 stacks / 1000 systems
annually
• 2 kWel / 1 kWth, ηel ~60%
• up to 1 year operation
TOFC
• Growth from 70 to 125 staff within 2 years;
cooperation with Wärtsilä, Danfoss and AVL for
stack integration
• stack modules up to 10 kWel
02/10/15 33/54

Japan Demo
• Subsidised residential systems, 700W
• original cost ~28 000 EUR (2.6 MYen)
• ~ 20 000 sold in 2012, prevalently PEFC
• 10 year warranty, 80 000 hours lifetime (PEFC)
• sales goal for 2030: 2.5 Mio. units p.a.
Toyota/AisinKyocera TOTONippon Oil
02/10/15 34/54

Japan: Demo Requirements
02/10/15 35/54

Ceres: Taking SOFC CHP to the Market
Metal support IT-SOFC (Ceria)
Operation at 500-600ºC
Design of wall-mountable CHP unit for
residential application, rating 1 kWel /
28 kWth
British Gas trialing programme and
volume forward order (37,500 units
minimum over first 4 years) (natural
gas)
Calor trialing programme and volume
call-off order (20,000 units over first
5 years) (LPG)
02/10/15 36/54

Piecing it all together….
• Primary energy usage: 20% better than the current best
• Carbon footprint: an average household should save 1‒2
tonnes per year  10‒20 tonnes over the system’s life
• Cost: €15,000 now, about €12,000 more than a boiler
BUT you save €500 per year on fuel bills  €5,000 total
• Carbon cost: = €466 per tonne of CO2
• In the same ballpark as solar PV
• more expensive than wind or nuclear…
€7,000 extra spent
15 tonnes saved
02/10/15
37/54

Looking ahead….
Primary energy usage: 20% better than the current best
Carbon footprint: an average household should save 1‒2
tonnes per year  10‒20 tonnes over the system’s life
Cost: €10,000 in 5‒10 years, €7,000 more than a boiler
BUT you save €500 per year on fuel bills  €5,000 total
Carbon cost: = €133 per tonne of CO2
€2,000 extra spent
15 tonnes saved
02/10/15
38/54

University of Birmingham
H2 Filling
Station
5 x Hybrid Vehicles
02/10/15 39/54

0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0
5
10
15
20
25
15:20:00 15:30:00 15:40:00 15:50:00
Batterystateofcharge
Vehiclespeed(mph)
Stackpowerx10(kW)
Fuel Cell Power
Vehicle Speed
Battery State of
Charge
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0
5
10
15
20
25
12:50:00 13:00:00 13:10:00 13:20:00 13:30:00 13:40:00
Batterystateofcharge
Vehiclespeed(mph)
Stackpowerx10(kW)
Fuel Cell Power
Vehicle Speed
Battery State of
Charge
02/10/15 40/60•K. Kendall, B.G. Pollet, A. Dhir, I. Staffell, B. Millington, J. Jostins. (2011) "Hydrogen Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles (HFCHV) for
Birmingham Campus” Journal of Power Sources 196(1) :325-330

Results
• Combined 3,000km travelled
(approx. 3,000 trips around campus)
• Racked up 5,000 hours operational time
(>2,000 in the leading vehicle)
• Over 120 refuelling events
(58kg of hydrogen transferred with no incidents)
02/10/15
41/54

100 MJ
Hydrogen
42 MJ
@ 25-30V
38 MJ
28 MJ
18 MJ traction31 MJ
@ 48V
Fuel cell losses (58%)
Power for
auxiliary
equipment
(9%)
DC converter
losses
(20%)
Motor
losses
(37%)
Battery
charging
(10%)
Tank to wheel efficiency
02/10/15
42/54

Improvements
Better Fuel utilisation
More Storage
Better Motor
Better Power Conversion
Bigger Fuel Cell
02/10/15 43/54

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Fuelconsumption(MJ/km)
Vehicle mass (kg)
Fuel economy of major FCVs
02/10/15
44/54

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Vehicle mass (kg)
Karl Kordesch 1970
Honda Clarity 2008
02/10/15
45/54

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Vehicle mass (kg)
Average new car: 30
mpgUS
Hypercar: 100 mpgUS
Toyota Prius: 50
mpgUS
02/10/15
46/54

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
Vehicle mass (kg)
Fuel economy of UK prototypes
100+ mpg
equivalent
02/10/15
Microcab improvement
47/54

Fuel Cell Steps to Market Entry
Problem:
• How to establish a new technology in an existing and well
developed market?
Disruptive technology versus continuous improvement of existing
technology
Market entry costs
Customer attractivity (desireability)
02/10/15 48/54

Daimler Development Time
Source: Daimler, FCSem 200702/10/15
49/54

Cost Development Curve vs. First Markets
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
development phases
€/kWel
prototypes
subsidised markets
backup power
sewage gas
small-scale CHP
large scale CHP
power generation
cost curve
critical transition
33% technology development
33% laws of numbers
33% technological breakthroughs
02/10/15 50/54

What Can We Learn From History?
New technologies have been permanently introduced
to the markets with varying success. All the problems
of costs and market introduction have existed before.
Examples:
• mobile phones
• mineral oil
• photovoltaics
• green electricity
• unleaded fuel
02/10/15 51/54

The Concept of Added Value
Consumers will pay a price above the market price for a
service or consumable, if they gain some additional
performance compared to ‘conventional’ equipment.
This could be:
• improved performance (power, size, other technical data)
• improved handling
• improved utilisability
• prestige
• fun & recreation
02/10/15 52/54

Conclude on hydrogen & Fuel Cells?
• Highly versatile energy source
• High efficiencies
• Can be coupled into many energy systems and applications
• On route to commercialisation
• Added value
02/10/15
Automobile Spa-Francorchamps 53/54

Thanks for your Attention!
Any Questions?
02/10/15 54/54

Service Readiness
Technical
Toyota Mirai
Vincent Mattelaer
Senior Technical Trainer
Toyota Motor Europe

Mirai is not a car, it’s a symbol
2

The Toyota Way
“Contribution to society through Monozokuri.”
3
1995 Prius
(Tokyo Auto Show)
1996 FCEV-1

Toyota’s Dream Car
The Toyota Way
“Contribution to society through Monozokuri.”
4
Katsuaki Watanabe
(President 06/2005 – 06/2009)
I don’t know how many years it’s going to
take us, but I want Toyota to come up with
the dream car— a vehicle that can make the
air cleaner than it is, …
… Our engineers are working
right now to develop the technologies we need
and to incorporate them into vehicles. If we
accelerate our technology development, we can
realize the dream car. 2007 Quote
Toyota’s Dream Car

Developing FCV’s for 20 years
FCV-R
Mirai
Prototype
FCHV
1st FC vehicle
certification in
Japan
FCHV-4
Hydrogen
(high pressure
tank)
FCEV
Hydrogen
(absorbing
alloy)
5
Mirai
First sedan
production
FCV
FCHV-adv.
First series
production FCV
FCHV-5
clean gasoline
(on-board
reformer)
FCHV-3
Hydrogen
(absorbing
alloy)
2011200520011996 2015200920021999

The right car, at the right place, at the right time,
using the right source of energy.
The Journey to Sustainable Mobility
CO2 reduction Air
quality
Energy
diversity
Hybrid
SustainableSustainable
MobilityMobility
6
Gasoline,
diesel
Gaseous
fuels Biofuels
Synthetic
fuels Electricity Hydrogen
Hybrid
technology

Toyota’s FCV is build on our experience with HV,
PHV and EV.
Toyota’s Vision of the mobile future
Engine
Large
Battery
PHVPHV
Motor
Fuel
tank
7
Battery
Battery
FC
stack
HVHV FCVFCV
Motor
Fuel
tank
Engine
H2 tank
Motor Motor
Very
Large
Battery
EVEV

Our customers are our ambassadors
Mirai After Sales
8

FCV Workshop Types
β Retailer
− FCV maintenance
− FCV general repairs
α Retailer
− Same as β Retailer
plus:
9
− FCV general repairs
(brakes, suspension, body
electronics, ..)
− High voltage repairs
Low investment.
< €2.000
plus:
− FC stack
replacement
− H2 component
replacement
− H2 tank replacementHigh investment.
> €20.000

Technician training program will be similar to the
HV-training program
Training
Level 3 H2FCV diagnosis
H FCV
DT
DMT
10
Entry level H2FCV awareness
Level 1 H2FCV maintenance
Level 2 H2FCV repair
H2 FCV
TRAINING
(Similar to
High Voltage
training)
All
TT
PT

TT and PT level training in September 2015
Training
11

Overview
Fuel Cell Basics
-
HV
Battery
Inverter
+
PCU
-
MG
12
+
Battery

Overview
Fuel Cell Basics
Boost Converter
- +
FDC-ECU
Inverter
+
MG
Boost
Converter
PCU
-
HV
Battery
-
M
Radiator
SLLC
-
FC Stack
- +
13
- +
Converter
+
Battery

Overview
Fuel Cell Basics
Inverter
+
-
MG
Boost
Converter
PCU
-
HV
Battery
Boost Converter
- +
FDC-ECU
-
M
Radiator
SLLC
14
Converter
+
Battery
Inter-
cooler
M
Air
Compressor
O2
FC Stack
- +
- +
H2 tank
(70 MPa)
H2
M
Radiator
H2O
FC Coolant

Overview of components
What is a FCV?
Booster
HV
Battery
Power
Control
Unit
15
2 H2 fuel tanks
[122 l]
Fuel Cell Stack
[114 kW]
H2 filling port
Compressor
Electrical
Motor

FC Stack Assembly
Front
Hydrogen in
Auxiliary
componentsFront FC stack (power
generation)
16
Front
Air inlet
Coolant inlet
Coolant outlet
Hydrogen in
Hydrogen and air
mixture out
Ventilation filmFC boost converter
fastening points

FC stack
FC Stack Assembly
Stack manifold assembly
Cells
Positive terminal
(No. 1 terminal)
Terminal insulator
Pressure plate
17
Negative terminal
(No. 2 terminal)
Tension
shafts
Pressure plate
Adjustment screws
for stack load

Cell construction
FC Stack Assembly
FCC outlet
Air exhaust
outlet
Hydrogen
outlet
MEGA
3D fine-mesh flow field
Separator (No. 1)
Hydrogen
inlet
18
FCC = FC Coolant
Separator (No. 2)
Separator (No. 1)
Rubber adhesive
Gasket
Air supply inlet
FCC inlet

FC Boost Converter
High Voltage Circuits
Boost
converter
Motor
FC boost
converterFC Stack Inverter
p.75
19
FC boost
converter
Battery

Hydrogen tank construction
Hydrogen System
Rear tank
internal volume = 62.4 L
Front tank
internal volume = 60.0 L
20
Plastic liner
Carbon fiber-reinforced
plastic layer (CFRP)
Glass fiber-reinforced
plastic layer (GFRP)

HV (NiMH) battery
22
Battery cooling
blower
assembly
Battery junction
block assembly
Battery voltage
sensor
Service plug
Battery assembly

Inverter with converter assembly
Power control unit
23
Inverter w/
converter connector
AMD terminal
Front
MG2 terminal
Front
FC air compressor
terminal
From power supply junction box
FC boost
converter terminal

Overview
Q410 Transaxle
FC water pump
EV transaxle
24
FC air compressor
A/C compressor
Motor
Cooling
System
Forced circulation oil
cooled
Maximum
Torque
335 N·m
Maximum
output
113 kW
Reduction Mechanism Planetary Gear
Differential Preload differential
Transaxle
Fluid
Type WS ATF
Capacity 4.2 L
Service Inspect every 60k

Maintenance
CT200h (60,000km) Mirai (60,000km)
Chassis, suspension, brakes… Chassis, suspension, brakes…
Inspect cooling system Inspect cooling system
Inspect inverter coolant Inspect inverter coolant
- Inspect FC coolant
- Replace ion exchanger
- H2 leak check
FCV
disadvantage
25
- H2 sensor inspect
Inspect air cleaner Inspect air cleaner
Replace engine oil -
Replace engine oil filter -
Inspect engine coolant -
Inspect exhaust -
Inspect fuel tank cap, fuel lines,
fuel vapour control valve
-
Inspect charcoal canister -
FCV
advantage

We are ready.
Conclusion
• Mirai dealers in Belgium, Denmark, Germany and the UK.
• Fuel station in Belgium April 2016
• Training on safety, maintenance and hydrogen repair.
• All parts are in stock
26
• Transportation of H2 tanks
and vehicles
• Warranty 5 years / 100.000 km
on H2 parts
• Roadside assistance

Thank You
Questions?
vincent.mattelaer@toyota-europe.com

Corporate Presentation| TWEED Oct. 2015

Power generation Energy storage UtilizationPower conversion
Intermittent
generation
Fuel cell car
Mobility
(H2-Fuel)HHHH2222
CH
Bulk H2-Storage
Electrolyze
Solar Power
Wind power
HHHH2222
H2: a vector for energy transition
Industry
Gas grid storage Gas-Turbine
generation
Steady
generation
CH4
HHHH2222
Industry
(H2-
Utilization)
Energy
(Re-
electrification)
CH4
injection
Methanation /
CO2 / others
3
Grid
3
Wind power
Fossil
HHHH2222
HHHH2222
CO2

Green, local and flexible hydrogen solutions
McPhy Energy :
› 13 years of R&D, 8 patents :
› 3 under licence, 3 co-owned, 2
proprietary patents
› Solid hydrogen, a disruptive
4
› Solid hydrogen, a disruptive
technology
› Metal hydrides based technology
› Much higher volume density
than compressed liquid or gas
› High level of safety

Installed base: +1,000 clients / 3,000 electrolyzers (*)
More than 7,000 Nm3/h of on-site hydrogen production
Proven track record
5
Hydrogen generation solution
Hydrogen generation solution
with embedded flexibility
Hydrogen storage solution
* note: including electrolyzers sold by PIEL
before its acquisition by McPhy in December 2012
Oct. 2015 - TWEED Conference

OUR PRODUCTS & MARKETS
Hydrogen solutions for industry, energy and mobility markets

McPhy Energy at a glance
A portfolio of innovative products …
Large
electro-
lyzers
Disruptive
H2 solid
storage
technology
based in
Small
& mid
electro-
lyzers
HRS
10 to
200 kg /
day
7
… addressing 4 main high-growth markets
ENERGY
INDUSTRIAL
HYDROGEN
MOBILITY
POWER
TO GAS

Our approach
› Connection of the renewable energy market
MOBILITY
8Oct. 2015 - TWEED Conference
› Connection of the renewable energy market
with the hydrogen market
› To achieve a 100% green mobility
In partnership with

FOR A GREEN HYDROGEN MOBILITY
Our approach

Our solutions
› Implement hydrogen
infrastructure
› With a range
of electrolyzers
dedicated for HRS
dedicated for HRS
› Create completely
decarbonized
hydrogen mobility
› Using green electricity
from renewable energy

McPhy Energy : a global HRS solution
› Water
electrolysis
› Hydrogen
1 2 3
1
2
› Hydrogen
purification
unit and utilities
› Hydrogen
compressor
and storage
2
3

STARTER KIT
Our solution dedicated
to captive fleets & territorial challenges
McFilling 20 + H2 Rack
CAPTIVE FLEET
HRS & Green H2 McFilling 40/80
& McLyzer
› Captive fleet> 20/40 vehicles
› H2 production unit
› Distribution at 350/700 bar
› First vehicles
12
Evolutive solutionsmade
in strong partnership
with projects’
stakeholders

McPhy dedicated products to HRS
Small & Medium HRS
› 10 Nm3/h module
› 12 bar
› Hydrogen quality in accordance with
standards SAE J2719
› CE products
› Optional: water demineralizer, Nitrogen
generator, electrolysis supervising
Large HRS
› 100 Nm3/h modules
› 30 bar
› Hydrogen quality in accordance with
standards SAE J2719
› Designed in accordance to CE & TÜV
standards
› Optional: water demineralizer, Nitrogengenerator, electrolysis supervising
system…
› Optional: water demineralizer, Nitrogen
generator, electrolysis supervising
system…

McLyzer10 & McLyzer 20
20 TO 40 kg OF HYDROGEN PER DAY

McPhy solution: the best compromise
Flexible
Proven and
Reliable
Cost
competitive
› Cheaper production
costs than external
supplies
› H2O production
when electricity
is cheap
› Mature alkaline
electrolysis
technology
› Multiple references
› No external
logistics, full
control of H2
supply
› Built-in flexibility
› Short response time
Simple
Safe
Green
is cheap
supply
› No unforeseen
outage
› No high pressure
storage
› Production
on demand
› Integrated solution
› Easy installation
› Low maintenance
› 0 footprint
when generator
is powered up with
renewable energy

BUSINESS CASES
Mobility flagship references

Automotive & Industrial Mobility Applications

Proven track record
Our key references in the
HRS industry
In partnership with

Berlin Airport

Berlin Airport
BERLIN AIRPORTBERLIN AIRPORTBERLIN AIRPORTBERLIN AIRPORT
H2 refueling station
May 2014
Electrolyzer: 0.5 MW - 100 Nm3/h
Storage: 100 kg H2

Berlin Airport
21
› Capacity: 250 kg/day; McLyzer & Metal Hydride (100 kg) on site
› Schedule: Operational
› Program: Funded Project in EU
250 kg/day; 42 bar system Electrolyzer 100 kg/day Metal Hydride

HETC Woodside

HETC Woodside
McLyzer 20 - 30
› Location: Skyline Blvd; Woodside, CA
› Capacity: 140 kg/day; McLyzer to provide 40 kg/day on-site production
› 25 vehicles per day, H2 refueling in 3 to 5min
› Schedule: October, 2015
› Program: Part of CA Hydrogen Infrastructure Roll Out

As a conclusion …
Hydrogen is the key to reach a green mobility
H2 mobility market is emerging worldwide
2015 is key with the first commercial vehicles
produced in series
LET’S ADDRESS THE CHALLENGE !

Thank you for your attention
TIME FOR YOUR QUESTIONS !
For more information, please contact:
ismael.aso@mcphy.com

‘’ Yes, my friends, I believe that water will be one day used as fuel, that the hydrogen and
the oxygen, which make it, used separately or simultaneously, will provide a source of
inexhaustible heat and light and with an intensity the coal could never reach’’
Jules Verne, L’Île Mystérieuse - 1874

INNOVATION AND ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY SERVICES
2015

2015
USA APAC
22
countries
6,800
experts
Global presence
Copyright©SEGULATechnologies–Allrightsreserved–2015
USA
United States
LATAM
Argentina
Brazil
Mexico
APAC
China, India
Belgium
France
Germany
Israel
Italy
Morocco
Netherlands
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
Tunisia
Turkey
UK
EMEA
Cost-effective solutions via in-house engineering platforms in
leading competitive countries: India, Morocco, Tunisia, Romania

2015
Automotive & Industrial vehicles
3 000 Employees
Including:
• Stamping
• Welding
• Final Assembly
Including:
• User manual
• Repair Manual
• Training material

2014
Automotive& Industrial vehicles
Major recent references in passenger car projects

THANK YOU
Pierre Detré
Director Segula Technologies BeLux
pierre.detre@segula.fr
0479 46 11 16

Thermal Management for Efficiency EnhancementThermal Management for Efficiency Enhancement
for Multifor Multi--stack Fuel Cell Electric Vehiclestack Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle
F. Claudea, H. S. Ramadana,b, M. Becherifb
a SEGULA MATRA Technologies, 25200 Monbeliard, France
b FCLab FR CNRS 3539, Femto-ST UMR CNRS 6174, UTBM, 90010 Belfort, France

OUTLINEOUTLINE
SEGULA Technologies and FEMTO-ST Institute Partnership
Objectives
FCs: advantages and disadvantages
System under Study
Copyright © SEGULA Technologies – All rights reserved – 23/10/2015
System under Study
Problem Formulation
Control System Description
(Thermal management, Energy management)
Simulation Results and Dynamic Performance
Conclusions and Perspectives
2

SEGULA Technologies and FEMTOSEGULA Technologies and FEMTO--ST Institute PartnershipST Institute Partnership
• SEGULA Technologies was founded in 1985
• It is specialized in engineering and innovation advisory
Automobile:
50%
Aerospace
and
Defense:
12%
6800
experts
USA
United State
APAC
China, India
12%
Energy:
10%
Railway:
10%
Industry
And
Process:
13%
Marine
: 5%
20
countries
China, India
LATAM
Argentina
Brazil
Mexico
Portugal
Romania
United Kingdom
Russia
Slovakia
Sweden
Tunisia
EMEA
http://www.segula.fr/en

SEGULA Technologies and FEMTOSEGULA Technologies and FEMTO--ST InstituteST Institute PartnershipPartnership
UTBM (University of Technology of Belfort-Montbéliard): Is one of tutelage of
Femto-ST Institute. In the framework of this collaboration, UTBM be in charge
of the administrative part Contract and other are signed with UTBM.
UTBM
FEMTO-ST Institute
http://www.utbm.fr/
FCLAB
The fuel cell research project inside femto-ST are conducted at FCLAB.
FCLab is a research federation regrouping researchers and facilities of all work
related to fuel cell.
It is CNRS institute which has wide scientific spectrum covering Engineering
Sciences, Information and Communication Sciences, Physics.
FEMTO-ST Institute
www.femto-st.fr/en
http://eng.fclab.fr/

FEMTOFEMTO--STST InstituteInstitute PartnershipPartnership
A wide scientific spectrum covering Engineering Sciences,
Information & Communication Sciences, Physics
DEVELOP MICRO AND NANO TECHNOLOGIES,
INCREASE THE DENSITY OF FUNCTIONS, INTEGRATE INTELLIGENCE,
FOR THE ENGINEERING OF COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS
WITH OPTIMIZED PERFORMANCES
Created in 2004
From single molecules to systems, from nm to m
A multi & interdisciplinary vocation
Transverse research projects (e.g. Biom’Ax, Micro atomic clock, Control of microsystems, PHM)
Research based on Technology
Development of experimental setups demonstrating novel concepts
A culture of innovation, from basic research to
industrial partnership and spin-offs
Ranked A+ by the Research Ministry, FEMTO-ST is one of the largest
Research Lab in Engineering Sciences in France

7 Research Departments, 1 MicroNanofabrication
Center (MIMENTO), several Technological Platforms
(Time&Frequency, FuelCell Systems, Micro/Nanorobotics,
Micromechanics, Proteomic)
+ One in Optics/Photonics soon.
Transportation,
Energy
Transportation,
Energy
700 members
Permanent staff: 40 CNRS Res., 200 Prof., 100 Eng.+Tech.+Adm.
PhD students: 220
Other non permanent staff: 140
Budget (excl. permanent salaries) : 12 M€ (2013)
350 Research contracts are currently running
Automatic control
Acoustics
Biomedical Engineering
Computer science
Energy
Mechanics
Mechatronics
Microsystems
Nanotechnologies
Optics
Time & Frequency
Microtechnics
Transportation,Transportation,

• Advanced control
• Micro/nanorobotics
• Micromechatronics
• Pronostics & Health Management (PHM)
AUTOMATIC CONTROL & MICRO-
MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS (AS2M)
ENERGY
• Metrology and modeling of energy systems
TIME & FREQUENCY
• Ultrastable resonators and oscillators
COMPUTER SCIENCE FOR COMPLEX SYSTEMS
• Distributed algorithms and systems
• Optimization, mobility and networks
• Software verification and validation, embedded systems
• Metrology and modeling of energy systems
• Design of energy systems
• Thermal exchanges and complex fluid flows
• Fuel cells
MICRO NANO SCIENCES
& SYSTEMS (MN2S)
MECHANICS (MEC’APPLI)
OPTICS
• Photonics et telecommunications
• Nano-optics
• Optoelectronics
• Non linear optics
• Photonics for
biomedical instrumentation
• Ultrastable resonators and oscillators
• Acousto-electronics and piezoelectricity
• Metrology and radiofrequency components
and systems

2012 : "GreenTalents" Award (German) for J. Solano (PhD)
Energy management of Hybrid and Electrical Vehicules
2012 : S. Wasterlain, Club EEA & GDR SEEDS Award for PhD
on electrical engineering
Design & development of the most powerful fuel cell vehicle in France
- 80kW
- Hybridation of supercondensators, batteries, FC, inertia flywheel
- Energy flow controlled by fuzzy logic
Collaborations
- DGA, FEMTO-ST/FCLAB, AREVA Helion Fuel Cells, PANHARD General Defense
Fuel Cell diagnostics
FEMTO-ST is a Member of the
Research Federation

ObjectivesObjectives
This research deals with:
Integrating the multi-stack FCs into EVs to significantly:
enhance its life span, cycling, and efficiency, besides optimizing its
operation performance.
Proposing novel thermal management approach to:
minimize its start up, heating/cooling, and cycling problems.
Developing a novel control approach.
Presenting the dynamic performance and the battery SOC.
9
SOC: State of Charge
FC: Fuel Cell
EV: Electric Vehicle

FCs: advantages and disadvantagesFCs: advantages and disadvantages
ADVANTAGES:
Low-to-Zero Emissions (Green Energy);
Abundant H2 ;
High Efficiency (Hydrogen has the highest energy content);
Reliability, Fuel Flexibility;
DISADVANTAGES:
The electrodes from platinum: rare material and expensive;
The price of a FC: 1000 €/kW according to the CEA;
The lifespan of a FC is too short.
Energy Security (independency on foreign oil);
Quiet Operation, Lightweight and Long-Lasting …etc
10

System under StudySystem under Study
Structure of hybrid battery/FC source.
SM: Synchronous Motor

The battery feeds the engine
The average power required by the engine
necessitates the use of FC1
exceeds the capacity of FC1. FC2 become in
service.
Operatingmodesofthe
packagebattery+FCs
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
ProbleProblemm FormulationFormulation
The average power required by the engine is
supplied by the both FC1 and FC2 in a balanced
way.
exceeds the capacity of FC1 and FC2
together. FC3 is triggered.
necessitates the running of the four FCs at full
capacity.
The decrease in the engine’s average power
demand doesn’t result in the outage of FCs.
However, an identical reduction in the FCs’
energy contributions is considered.
Operatingmodesofthe
packagebattery+FCs
Case 4
Case 5
Case 6
Case 7

Control System DescriptionControl System Description
ControlSystem
ControlSystem

50
60
70
80
90
100
110
%ofthepowerdemandedbythevehicle
Controllawsforcharging
theFCs
Point to guarantee the same SOC value at the end of
the speed cycle as the beginning
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 20 40 60 80 100
%ofthepowerdemandedbythevehicle
SOC of the battery (%)
Controllawsfor
theFCs

Thermal ManagementThermal Management
FC temperature dependent action
FC temperature dependent action
FC activation law
PFCd : FCs’ power demand
PFCa : FCs’ power supply

20
30
40
50
60
800
1200
1600
2000
Voltage(V)
Power(W)
80°C
70°C
60°C
50°C
40°C
30°C
T
T
V-I and P-I characteristics for different operating temperatures.
0
10
20
0
400
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Current (A)
30°C
23°C T

Heat management control scheme

Simulation Results and DynamicSimulation Results and Dynamic PerformancePerformance
Temperature behavior for
an activation temperature
an activation temperature
23°C of 50s between two
successive activations.

Evolution of the battery’s SOC for two cycle speed

Conclusions and PerspectivesConclusions and Perspectives
CONCLUSIONS:
The multi-stack FCs into EVs significantly enhance its life span, cycling, efficiency, and
optimizes its operation performance.
The proposed novel control approach for the thermal management approach minimizes
the EVs start up, heating/cooling, and cycling problems.
the EVs start up, heating/cooling, and cycling problems.
Battery SOC at the end of each cycle is equal to its initial value.
PERSPECTIVES:
Experimental validation of the proposed thermal management approach for providing
extra-enhancement of the EV’s lifespan, cycle, efficiency and reliability.
Different advanced control methods can be applied to obtain better dynamic performance.

PublicationsPublications
[1] M. Becherif, F. Claude, T. Hervier, L. Boulon. Multi-stack Fuel Cells Powering a Vehicle.
Energy Procedia, Volume 74, August 2015, Pages 308-319.
[2] Q. de Bortoli, H. S. Ramadan, M. Becherif, L. Boulon, F. Claude. Thermal Management for
Efficiency Enhancement for Multi-stack Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle. Proceedings of
IEEE-Vehicular Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC’15), Canada, 2015.
IEEE-Vehicular Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC’15), Canada, 2015.

Event Fuel Cells
& H y d r o g e n
C a m p u s
A u t o m o b i l e
S p a -
Francorchamps
COPYRIGHT: HINICIO
Francorchamps
-
L
0 2 o c t o b r e 2 0 1 5

Agenda
• Presentation Hinicio
• What is the hydrogen (H2) market today?
• “Power-to-gas”: a new markets?
• Power-to-mobility
• Refineries
• P2G project overview
• Hydrogen Market Outlook
• Q&A
2

Expertise areas
HYDROGEN AND
FUEL CELLS
3
RENEWABLE ENERGY
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY STORAGE
ELECTRO-
MOBILITY

STRATEGY
• Strategic roadmaps
• Emerging markets
analysis
• Innovation strategies
INVESTMENTS
• Due diligence
• Investment analysis
• Investment strategy
• Fund raising
Our services
POLICY
• Policy studies
• Impact analysis
• Workshops and
training
• Monitoring
PROJECTS
• Techno-economic
feasibility studies
• Coordination of
collaborative
innovation projects
• Fund raising & subsidies
4

They trust us: Clients
PRIVATE SECTOR
• Large corporations
• Innovative start-ups
• Investors
• Trade associations
5
PUBLIC SECTOR
• International
organisations
• European
institutions
• Governments
• Public bodies

Definition of Power to Gas ?
7

Summary Table of current H2Mobility Programs
Source: Hinicio and data from H2Mobility Programs
8

Client: Conseil
Général de la
Project: Project Management Office of a hydrogen
mobiltiy pilot project in the region of La Manche
Methodology:
• Detailed techno-economic analysis and evaluation of
options.
• Project structuring and determination of optimal business
model to enable economic profitability, while fulfilling the
regional political vision.
• Building of a European consortium including all best in class
industry partners
Support to identify, structure and bid for European subsidies.
Creation of a Hydrogen Mobility Vision
9
Général de la
Manche
Territory: France
Date: 2014
• Support to identify, structure and bid for European subsidies.
• Coordination with all stakeholders.
Our added-value:
• Demonstrated experience in developing and managing FCH-
JU projects, as a participant or in support to project
participants.
• Hydrogen and fuel cell expertise ensuring the technical
relevance of the project submitted and enhancing the
chances of getting selected.
• In-depth understanding of European funding schemes: scope,
eligibility criteria, constraints, etc.
• Network of contacts in Europe within the fuel cell and
hydrogen industry to accelerate consortium building
• Presence in Brussels facilitate negotiations with the FCH-JU. 9

Market Outlook for Green Hydrogen for Mobility
European H2 outlook for mobility based on H2Mobility Programs and a EU-wide
policy driven scenario
Source: Certifhy EU, April 2015,
10

Regulatory Drivers are key for immergence Green H2
Source: CertifHy Project: Overview of regulatory, market and economic
drivers for green hydrogen under a CO2 policy driven scenario
11

Client: FCH-JU
Territory: Europe
Project: Certifhy, Developing a European wide
Guarantee of Origin scheme for green hydrogen
Partners: Hinicio, ECN, LBST, TÜV SÜD,
Methodology:
• Market outlook for green hydrogen in Europe until 2030.
• Analysis of all sustainable hydrogen production pathway and
clear definition of green hydrogen
• Review of existing Guarantees of origin schemes in Europe for
Development of an European Green Hydrogen GoO
Date: 2014-2016
Budget: 432k€ (total
budget for all
partners)
• Review of existing Guarantees of origin schemes in Europe for
electricity and gas
• Proposal for a GoO scheme and validation with the industry
and stakeholders
• Organization of public conferences, technical workshops and
online consultations with key players.
Our added-value:
• Coordination and management of the project.
• Sectorial expertise: In-depth knowledge and understanding
of hydrogen technology, value chain and market.
• Political and regulatory skills: in-depth understanding of the
regulatory framework both at the EU and national levels.
• Interaction with Industry through an extensive network in the
sector.
12

Power-to-Gas: State of Play
13

YOUR KNOWLEDGE PARTNERS
FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
PROJECTS AND STRATEGIES
CONTACT
VISITE OUR WEBSITE
www.hinicio.com
CONTACT
Wouter Vanhoudt
Director EMEA
Wouter.vanhoudt@hinicio.com
Phone: +32 2211 33 79

Market vision from an energy provider
Mobility « Hydrogen inside »
2nd of october 20152nd of october 2015
Hélène PIERRE
Research and Technology Division/ CRIGEN

1
Hydrogen Mobility: « H2 Mobilité France » study
Power to gas chain and « Hydrogen inside »
2
1
3
Conclusion: Local context to consider4
Hythane® fuel at ENGIE: ALTHYTUDE and GRHYD
projects

Hydrogen and Power to Gas : a solution to address the
energy transition challenge
Take advantage of low price of electricity on the markets, caused for example
by overcapacity of intermittent electricity at low marginal cost, to produce
add value gas fuels (hydrogen or methane synthesis), that may be valorized in
synergy with gas system
4 advantages
• Ability to store large quantities of electricity over very long periods (several months)
3
• Ability to store large quantities of electricity over very long periods (several months)
• Possibility of transporting energy using natural gas grids.
• Possibility of arbitrage between markets of power generation and other uses of gas
“Power to Gas”…”not to power” (option)
• High ability of gas grids to absorb / cushion variable and intermittent productions
Hydrogen and "Power to Gas", at the crossroads of the activities of ENGIE
Electricity production, transport, storage, distribution and marketing of natural
gas, arbitrage between gas and electricity markets
Development of new offers for cities and territories: industry, residential and …
mobility

Hydrogen and Power to Gas
A pathway between power and gas systems… drawing a green gases
roadmap…. Including for fuel
In 2050, in a scenario of high
penetration of intermittent
renewable energy, coupled with
ambitious energy efficiency
program, modeling power
system show that the surplus
production could be close to 75
TWh / year, or nearly 15% of
4
TWh / year, or nearly 15% of
production present the French
fleet.
BasedBased onon thesethese models,models, thethe
productionproduction ofof hydrogenhydrogen oror
methanemethane synthesissynthesis couldcould reachreach
2020 TWhTWh // year,year, oror aboutabout 77%% ofof
naturalnatural gasgas consumptionconsumption inin
FranceFrance..
source: GRTgaz - E-Cube
2015/10/02

Power to gas chain and
« Hydrogen Inside »…« Hydrogen Inside »…

Hydrogen and Power to Gas
Value chain and mobility
Electric grid
Electrolysis
H2 storage
Electricity
production
H2
e-
e-
1 Process P2G
2 Application for P2G
6
Different ways of possible valorization including Hydrogène mobility, Hythane® and synthetic
methane
2015/10/02
Methanation Industries
CO2
Transport
Heat grid
Residential/
tertairy
Biomethane
Biogas
CH4
CH4
Solar
Wind
Nuclear
Natural Gas network
CH4

« Hydrogen inside »…. Hydrogen Mobility
Power grid
Electrolysis
H2 storage
Residential/
Electricity
production
H2
e-
Solar
e-
1 Process P2G
Hydrogen Mobility
7
methane
2015/10/02
CO2
Transport
Heat grid
Residential/
tertairy
Biomethane
Biogas
CH4
CH4
Solar
Wind
Nuclear
Natural Gas network
CH4

« Hydrogen inside »…. Hythane® mobility
Power grid
Electrolysis
H2 storage
Residential/
Electricity
production
H2
e-
Solar
e-
1 Process P2G
Hythane®: 20%H2 / GN
8
methane
2015/10/02
CO2
Transport
Heat grid
Residential/
tertairy
Biomethane
Biogas
CH4
CH4
Solar
Wind
Nuclear
Natural Gas network
CH4

« Hydrogen inside »…. Synthetic methane for mobility
Power grid
Electrolysis
H2 storage
Residential/
Electricity
production
H2
e-
Solar
e-
1 Process P2G
9
methane
2015/10/02
CO2
Transport
Heat grid
Residential/
tertairy
Biomethane
Biogas
CH4
CH4
Solar
Wind
Nuclear
Natural Gas network
CH4
Synthetic methane:
CH4….

Hydrogen Mobility:
« H2 Mobilité France » study« H2 Mobilité France » study

ENGIE partner of H2 Mobilité France Consortium
Source :
2015/10/02 12

H2 Mobilité France: main outcomes
Source :
2015/10/02 13

Source :
2015/10/02 14

Source :
2015/10/02 15

Source :
2015/10/02 16

Hydrogen Mobility Europe
The most ambitious hydrogen mobility initiatives in Europe have joined
forces to support the introduction of hydrogen-fuelled transport
Source :
2015/10/02 17
Hydrogen Mobility Europe: H2 mobility Deutschland, Mobilité Hydrogène France,
Scandinavian Hydrogen Highway Partnership and UK H2 Mobility.

Hythane®
ALTHYTUDE and GRHYD ProjectALTHYTUDE and GRHYD Project

ALTHYTUDE Project 2004 - 2009
Wind Power
Electrolysis+
Production H2
DunkerqueDunkerque Technical
Definition
Modif. station
Utilisation
Mixture
Hydrogen
Natural Gas
Engine
IRISBUS
Evaluation
Communication - Formation
Studies on
engines
and
mixtures

ALTHYTUDE – Advantages of Hythane®®®® fuel
COCO22 emissionsemissions ::
1559 g CO2/km = GNV - 8 %
= Diesel - 14 %
AdvantagesAdvantages of Hof H22 on the engineon the engine
combustion in term of pollutantscombustion in term of pollutants ::
-Hythane® a strong candidat as an clean
and alternative fuel
- Hythane ® take advantage of the knwo-
20
combustion in term of pollutantscombustion in term of pollutants ::
0,47 g NOx/km = GNV - 10 %
= Diesel - 95 %
Energy savings :Energy savings :
657 kWh/100km = GNV - 7 %
- Hythane ® take advantage of the knwo-
how of CNG stations
- Hythane® introduces a renewable part
in NG fuel

The GRHYD ‘’Power to Gas’’ project complies with
the topic « Hydrogen for Sustainable City »
GRHYD project introduces hydrogen as a flexible solution to store, transport and
give value to intermittent renewable energies through « green » natural gas,
by demonstrating H2 injection in natural gas grid and Hythane® fuel for buses
Sustainable Hydrogen production from the local electricity distribution grid
Injection into the local natural gas grid (below 20%vol. H2)
GRHYD = Grid Management by Hydrogen Injection for Reducing Carboneous
Energies
22
Injection into the local natural gas grid (below 20%vol. H2)
Use of the mixture in final appliances : stationary gas appliances and vehicles
GRHYD project, active player in the energy transition
Value of fluctuating RES
Reduction of CO2eq emissions
Innovation for a new industrial chain
Development of local industrial & commercial activities
Promotion of public awareness
Project launched on January 30, 2014 at Dunkerque, and running for 5 years.
15,3 M€ budget (4,5 M€ financial support from ADEME), 11 partners

GRHYD : The French Power-to-Gas project for demonstrating H2
injection in Natural Gas grid and Hythane® fuel for buses
2 demonstrations to explore new markets
Injection into the
power grid
Electrolysis,
Bus station:
Hythane®
(6% and 20%)
Pre-
industrial
Pilot
23
Different types of
valorisation
Renewable or
low carbon
power
Electrolysis,
storage
and fuel
distribution
(6% and 20%)
Electrolysis,
storage and gas
distribution
New district
From 6% to 20%
H2 injected into
distribution gas
grid
Research
pilot

24
Demonstration of fuel for buses
following the ALTHYTUDE project
Public transport network and buses operated by DK’Bus Marine at Dunkerque
Hythane® fuel, natural gas with 20%vol. H2

Demonstration of fuel for buses
NG-H2 Hythane® aiming to fuel the local bus fleet and to deploy new
energy fuel
OBJECTIVES ⇔ work illustration
— Technical and economical analysis of Hythane® fuel supply for a fleet of natural gas
⇔
Electricity
supply + H2
production &
H2 storage
CNG supply +
Hythane®
injection
Inner piping
network
(automatics,
monitoring)
NGV buses
(Hythane®
adaptation)
25
buses ⇔ including the design optimisation of the H2 station vs fuel needs vs
electricity
— Safety is a key point (current and future regulation) ⇔ risk assessment & administrative
authorisations
— Deployment of Hythane® fuel for a fleet of buses ⇔ bus, engine and depot adaptation
— Assessment of 6% and 20% H2 fuel impact and long term operation process of social
acceptance ⇔ introduction of this new fuel to passengers
— Assessment of economic and environmental results
— Development of a sustainable economic model

Hydrogen, Hythane®, synthetic methane
Importance of local context
A mix of green fuels « Hydrogen inside » that may develop in parallel
— Hydrogen
— Hythane®
— Synthetic methane…
Choices depending of:
— Vehicle uses profile
— Local ressources of territory to produce hydrogen in a sustainable way
— Potential synergies with other uses (stationary…)
A strong dynamic that may boost hydrogen « pure and inside » mobility in the next decade
272015/10/02

GDF SUEZ
DRT (Research & Technologies Division)
CRIGEN (Research and Innovation Center in Gas and New Energies)
361 avenue du Président Wilson
93210 Saint-Denis La Plaine, France
Tél : +33 (0)1 44 22 00 00
engie.com
Thank you
helene.pierre@engie.com

Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen | Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps - 02 octobre 2015

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (20)

Similar a Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen | Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps - 02 octobre 2015

Similar a Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen | Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps - 02 octobre 2015 (20)

Más de Cluster TWEED

Más de Cluster TWEED (20)

Último

Último (20)

Event Fuel Cells & Hydrogen | Campus Automobile Spa-Francorchamps - 02 octobre 2015