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Full speed ahead
The government broadband index Q1 2011
Abridged Executive Summary




                                    www.eiu.com
Full speed ahead
    The government broadband index Q1 2011




       Executive summary


       T   he growing perception that broadband is vital to economic prosperity has seen it
           become a crucial policy issue for governments worldwide. Although the private
       sector has usually led the rollout of basic broadband networks in the more densely
       populated parts of developed countries, commercial operators have seen little
       incentive to make costly investments in rural areas. Often, it is the resulting ‘digital
       divide’ that has motivated the public sector to become involved in the broadband
       market, typically announcing targets of making 1–5Mbps services universally
       available. Yet governments are also keen to facilitate greater rollout of so-called
       next-generation networks (NGNs) that can provide broadband speeds of between
       40Mbps and 100Mbps, and sometimes higher.
          Such influences have spawned a variety of government approaches to broadband
       development, from heavy state control and direct funding of networks to extremely
       limited intervention through regulatory measures. But in all cases, the role of
       the government is a critical driver of broadband activity. The arrow graphic below
       provides some contrasting examples of initiatives announced in different parts of the
       world.
          Beyond these initiatives, governments in developing countries are also becoming
       involved in broadband, although many are initially focused on addressing regulation
       and market competition, along with backbone infrastructure and international
       capacity issues, before producing detailed targets or plans for ultra-fast broadband
       coverage. In addition, wireless networks are playing an increasingly important role in
       countries where basic fixed-line infrastructure is poor or simply not available.




1                                                                      © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
Full speed ahead
    The government broadband index Q1 2011




                                 Strong government intervention




                                         Government control: Australia
                 Australian authorities have taken control of the national incumbent's existing fixed
                 network and plan to fund, develop and operate a national fibre-to-the-home (FTTH)
               network, providing wholesale services on an open-access basis. The cost to the taxpayer
                        is expected to be around A$27bn (US$21bn, at 2009 exchange rates).


                                          Government stimulus: China
             The government is providing a US$22bn stimulus package for broadband development, while
             trying to attract private investment in fibre-based broadband networks. The stimulus will be
             made available over the next three years to local operators and manufacturers through both
                                            direct funding and tax incentives.


                                        Government partnership: France
                 In areas of France where rollout is not commercially viable, the government plans to
                 direct €2bn (US$2.8bn) into public-private partnerships to assist with the rollout of
                 shared and open-access networks promoting maximum competition at both network
                                               and retail service levels.


                                     Government facilitation: Switzerland
                  In the Swiss market, the government conducts regular roundtable meetings with
                   all key industry players to ensure that regulation and investment conditions are
                conducive to NGN development by commercial operators, municipalities and utilities.




                                Limited government intervention




2                                                                                    © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
Full speed ahead
    The government broadband index Q1 2011




       Quantitative findings


       T  he bubble chart below compares a small selection of countries with clearly defined
          goals (a complete version is available in the full report), showing target speeds
       and coverage goals against public-funding commitments per household covered.



                                    Speed, coverage and public-funding comparison
                                    (per covered household)

           10,000


                                                                                                                            South Korea
                     1,000


                                                                                                            USA
        Speed target (Mbps)




                                                                                                                      Australia
                              100


                                                                                                                UK
                               10



                               1
                                                                                                 Brazil


                               0
                                    0                 20                40                60               80                100
                                                                        Coverage target (% households covered)
                                    Note. Bubble size is determined by the level of the public-funding commitment.
                                    Source: Economist Intelligence Unit.




       South-east Asia leads
       Overall, the developed South-east Asian countries (Japan, South Korea and
       Singapore) are at the forefront of the move towards near-ubiquitous high-speed
       broadband. All three countries have official targets of providing 1Gbps services to
       more than 90% of households within the next two to five years. Singapore, however,
       has been more reliant on government intervention and funding than either Japan or
       South Korea, both of which have focused on encouraging private-sector companies to
       roll out networks.



                                                                                                                    © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
Full speed ahead
    The government broadband index Q1 2011




       Europe’s ambitions vary
       Largely under European Union guidelines, governments throughout Europe
       are mainly relying on competitive market forces in commercial areas, directing
       government funding towards regional and rural areas the private sector would
       struggle to serve profitably. As a result, target speeds generally range from 20Mbps
       to 50Mbps for between 75% and 90% of households, while government-funding
       commitments are relatively low. Many European countries are also looking to local
       municipalities and utilities for the development of broadband infrastructure.
       Other countries show increased levels of intervention
       In other countries, a higher level of public funding per household covered generally
       corresponds to greater government intervention. This is the case in Australia,
       Malaysia, New Zealand and Greece, where governments have taken ownership or
       control of the development of a national NGN network to varying degrees. In North
       America, the focus is largely on reducing the digital divide, with both Canada and the
       US funding network rollout in rural and regional areas.




4                                                                     © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
Full speed ahead
    The government broadband index Q1 2011




        The government broadband index (gBBi)

        The Economist Intelligence Unit’s gBBI (government         and regulatory provisions in order to produce
        broadband index) is the first-ever broadband index         the final score.
        to assess countries on the basis of government                Countries topping our index are the ones deemed
        planning, as opposed to current broadband                  to have the most ambitious speed, coverage and
        capability.                                                rollout targets, the most appropriate regulations
           Using a methodology developed in-house, the             for realising targets and fostering a competitive
        index scores countries that have clearly stated            broadband market, and where public-funding
        objectives on a scale of 0-5, where 5 is the best.         commitments are putting the least amount of
        The methodology considers each plan’s target               pressure on public-sector finances.
        speed, universal speed, rollout timeframe, cost


                      Country                            Rank                                       Score
                    South Korea                              1                                       4.4
                       Japan                                 2                                       4.
                     Singapore                                                                      4.2
                      Sweden                                 4=                                      4.1
                      Finland                                4=                                      4.1
                      Estonia                                5                                       4.0
                       France                                6                                       .9
                       Spain                                 7                                       .7
                      Denmark                                8                                       .6
                      Australia                              9                                       .4
                    New Zealand                              10=                                     .0
                        USA                                  10=                                     .0
                        Italy                                11                                      2.9
                         UK                                  12                                      2.7
                      Germany                                1                                      2.6
                       Greece                                14                                      2.4



       The Full Report
       Full speed ahead : The government broadband index Q1 2011 is available to purchase at
       www.store.eiu.com




5                                                                           © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
While every effort has been taken to verify the accuracy
of this information, The Economist Intelligence Unit
Ltd. cannot accept any responsibility or liability for
reliance by any person on this report or any of the
information, opinions or conclusions set out in this
report.




Cover image - © Photosani/Shutterstock
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The government broadband index

  • 1. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 Abridged Executive Summary www.eiu.com
  • 2. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 Executive summary T he growing perception that broadband is vital to economic prosperity has seen it become a crucial policy issue for governments worldwide. Although the private sector has usually led the rollout of basic broadband networks in the more densely populated parts of developed countries, commercial operators have seen little incentive to make costly investments in rural areas. Often, it is the resulting ‘digital divide’ that has motivated the public sector to become involved in the broadband market, typically announcing targets of making 1–5Mbps services universally available. Yet governments are also keen to facilitate greater rollout of so-called next-generation networks (NGNs) that can provide broadband speeds of between 40Mbps and 100Mbps, and sometimes higher. Such influences have spawned a variety of government approaches to broadband development, from heavy state control and direct funding of networks to extremely limited intervention through regulatory measures. But in all cases, the role of the government is a critical driver of broadband activity. The arrow graphic below provides some contrasting examples of initiatives announced in different parts of the world. Beyond these initiatives, governments in developing countries are also becoming involved in broadband, although many are initially focused on addressing regulation and market competition, along with backbone infrastructure and international capacity issues, before producing detailed targets or plans for ultra-fast broadband coverage. In addition, wireless networks are playing an increasingly important role in countries where basic fixed-line infrastructure is poor or simply not available. 1 © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
  • 3. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 Strong government intervention Government control: Australia Australian authorities have taken control of the national incumbent's existing fixed network and plan to fund, develop and operate a national fibre-to-the-home (FTTH) network, providing wholesale services on an open-access basis. The cost to the taxpayer is expected to be around A$27bn (US$21bn, at 2009 exchange rates). Government stimulus: China The government is providing a US$22bn stimulus package for broadband development, while trying to attract private investment in fibre-based broadband networks. The stimulus will be made available over the next three years to local operators and manufacturers through both direct funding and tax incentives. Government partnership: France In areas of France where rollout is not commercially viable, the government plans to direct €2bn (US$2.8bn) into public-private partnerships to assist with the rollout of shared and open-access networks promoting maximum competition at both network and retail service levels. Government facilitation: Switzerland In the Swiss market, the government conducts regular roundtable meetings with all key industry players to ensure that regulation and investment conditions are conducive to NGN development by commercial operators, municipalities and utilities. Limited government intervention 2 © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
  • 4. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 Quantitative findings T he bubble chart below compares a small selection of countries with clearly defined goals (a complete version is available in the full report), showing target speeds and coverage goals against public-funding commitments per household covered. Speed, coverage and public-funding comparison (per covered household) 10,000 South Korea 1,000 USA Speed target (Mbps) Australia 100 UK 10 1 Brazil 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Coverage target (% households covered) Note. Bubble size is determined by the level of the public-funding commitment. Source: Economist Intelligence Unit. South-east Asia leads Overall, the developed South-east Asian countries (Japan, South Korea and Singapore) are at the forefront of the move towards near-ubiquitous high-speed broadband. All three countries have official targets of providing 1Gbps services to more than 90% of households within the next two to five years. Singapore, however, has been more reliant on government intervention and funding than either Japan or South Korea, both of which have focused on encouraging private-sector companies to roll out networks. © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
  • 5. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 Europe’s ambitions vary Largely under European Union guidelines, governments throughout Europe are mainly relying on competitive market forces in commercial areas, directing government funding towards regional and rural areas the private sector would struggle to serve profitably. As a result, target speeds generally range from 20Mbps to 50Mbps for between 75% and 90% of households, while government-funding commitments are relatively low. Many European countries are also looking to local municipalities and utilities for the development of broadband infrastructure. Other countries show increased levels of intervention In other countries, a higher level of public funding per household covered generally corresponds to greater government intervention. This is the case in Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand and Greece, where governments have taken ownership or control of the development of a national NGN network to varying degrees. In North America, the focus is largely on reducing the digital divide, with both Canada and the US funding network rollout in rural and regional areas. 4 © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
  • 6. Full speed ahead The government broadband index Q1 2011 The government broadband index (gBBi) The Economist Intelligence Unit’s gBBI (government and regulatory provisions in order to produce broadband index) is the first-ever broadband index the final score. to assess countries on the basis of government Countries topping our index are the ones deemed planning, as opposed to current broadband to have the most ambitious speed, coverage and capability. rollout targets, the most appropriate regulations Using a methodology developed in-house, the for realising targets and fostering a competitive index scores countries that have clearly stated broadband market, and where public-funding objectives on a scale of 0-5, where 5 is the best. commitments are putting the least amount of The methodology considers each plan’s target pressure on public-sector finances. speed, universal speed, rollout timeframe, cost Country Rank Score South Korea 1 4.4 Japan 2 4. Singapore 4.2 Sweden 4= 4.1 Finland 4= 4.1 Estonia 5 4.0 France 6 .9 Spain 7 .7 Denmark 8 .6 Australia 9 .4 New Zealand 10= .0 USA 10= .0 Italy 11 2.9 UK 12 2.7 Germany 1 2.6 Greece 14 2.4 The Full Report Full speed ahead : The government broadband index Q1 2011 is available to purchase at www.store.eiu.com 5 © The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2011
  • 7. While every effort has been taken to verify the accuracy of this information, The Economist Intelligence Unit Ltd. cannot accept any responsibility or liability for reliance by any person on this report or any of the information, opinions or conclusions set out in this report. Cover image - © Photosani/Shutterstock
  • 8. LONDON 26 Red Lion Square London WC1R 4HQ United Kingdom Tel: (44.20) 7576 8000 Fax: (44.20) 7576 8500 E-mail: london@eiu.com NEW YORK 750 Third Avenue 5th Floor New York, NY 10017 United States Tel: (1.212) 554 0600 Fax: (1.212) 586 1181/2 E-mail: newyork@eiu.com HONG KONG 6001, Central Plaza 18 Harbour Road Wanchai Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2585 3888 Fax: (852) 2802 7638 E-mail: hongkong@eiu.com GENEVA Boulevard des Tranchées 16 1206 Geneva Switzerland Tel: (41) 22 566 2470 Fax: (41) 22 346 93 47 E-mail: geneva@eiu.com