Casserly guest lecture for MIT Open Education class (March 10, 2011)
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Creative Commons licenses provide a standardized way for creators to grant copyright permissions for their work. They offer several conditions like attribution, non-commercial use, no derivatives, or share alike. Creative Commons has had a major impact on open education by improving search, discovery, translations, customization and affordability of open educational resources through its use of standardized licenses across over 55 jurisdictions. Over 365 million items are now licensed under Creative Commons, including over 175 million photos on Flickr alone.
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Casserly guest lecture for MIT Open Education class (March 10, 2011)
- 1. What’s the impact of Creative Commons on the open education movement?
- 2. What is ?
- 3. A simple, standardized way to grant copyright permissions to your creative work.
- 4. Step 1: Choose Conditions Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivative Works Share Alike
- 5. Step 2: Receive a License
- 6. Human Readable Deed Lawyer Readable Code Machine Readable Metadata
- 8. Over 365 million items
- 9. Culture Science Government Education
- 11. 175+ Million CC Licensed Photos on Flickr
- 15. Culture Science Government Education
- 18. Culture Science Government Education
- 21. Culture Science Government Education
- 23. Higher Ed
- 24. K-12
- 25. International
- 28. How does CC make an impact for OER ?
Editor's Notes
- CC is a small nonprofit organization headquartered in San Francisco with about 30 employees around the world mission is to develop and steward legal and technical infrastructure that makes sharing easy, legal, and scalable
- CC offers free tools that allow artists, musicians, journalists, educators and others share content on more flexible terms than default all rights reserved copyright it’s important to note that CC Licenses are not a substitute for copyright; they’re built on top of copyright law there’s 2 steps to applying a creative commons license to your work
- can do this right at creativecommons.org via our license chooser engine step 1 is to choose the conditions that you want to attach to the work all cc licenses require attribution to the original author of the work after that users can decide which conditions they want to apply, aka whether to prohibit commercial uses, whether to require that downstream users also reshare, whether the work should only be able to be redistributed “as-is”
- step 2 is to simply receive the license there are 6 CC licenses that reflect a spectrum of rights for the photos I share on Flickr, I use the Attribution only license, which means that anyone can download, copy, distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon them, even commercially, as long as they give me credit
- CC licensed works are represented in three ways first, there’s a human readable deed that simplifies the terms of each license into a few universal icons and non-technical language second, there’s the lawyer-readable legal text, which has been vetted by a global team of legal experts third, there’s a machine-readable code that enables search and discovery via search engines like Google
- within the jurisdiction, public and legal lead volunteers help to make the licenses work in their individual countries’ legal system 55 jurisdictions ported, another 5 in progress But we have 71 active affiliate teams 2 more in progress
- 365M CC licensed works online today CC is used by a wide variety of people and organizations, including Culture Science Government and public sector information Education
- Wikipedia, which about 2 years ago merged all their content into using CC attribution sharealike license 17 million Wikipedia articles across all languages 8.5 million media files in Wikimedia Commons database. All are available under a free license.
- Photo websites like Flickr, with over 175 million CC-licensed photos
- Professional films like RIP: A Remix Manifesto and video sharing websites like Vimeo
- Mainstream musicians like Nine Inch Nails and popular music sharing websites like SoundCloud
- For journlism this is the al jazeera cc video repository of cc licensed video footage from Egyptian uprising in January
- scholarly journals made availabe via CC licenses in support of the Open Access movement PLoS is Public Library of Science BioMed Central
- Personal Genome Project Some genomic sequences released into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication
- the White House, where user contributions to whitehouse.gov are licensed under a CC Attribution license
- 29 governments around the world, in some capacity national policy implementations such as Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands
- creative commons licenses are in use in education in several areas one way we like to think about it is that our licenses and tools help lower the barriers to teachers and students finding and using the materials that aid them in learning
- Higher Ed MIT OCW- the largest OCW project, sharing course content from all 1,900 MIT courses
- K-12 educational resource sites like Connexions easy to search for materials because they get the infrastructure and the metadata correct all content licensed under CC BY Scratch, the homegrown project from MIT that allows students to created games, art, and interactive programs All licensed under CC BY SA
- new frameworks for teaching and learning popping up outside of the traditional education system Peer 2 Peer U niversity is a grassroots education project that uses the internet and openly licensed educational materials It’s essentially teaching and learning by peers for peers and it is run and governed by volunteers
- CC used by philanthropic foundations for the projects they fund the Shuttleworth Foundation Hewlett NGLC grants funded by Gates, Hewlett, others, all content created using grant funds must be licensed CC BY
- Department of labor and dept of ed two weeks ago announced a program called the trade adjustment assistance community college and career training grant program yes, it’s a mouthful will spend up to $500M this year, and potentially $2B in total, to provide community colleges with funds to expand their education and career training programs any materials created using grant funds must be licensed under CC BY biggest investment to date from US federal gov in Open education powerful signalling device for policymakers that we need to be maximizing the benefit we’re getting from public funding of educational content resources will be made available via a national repository (and elsewhere) for use, remix, and customization by teachers and anyone
- CC helps lower the barrier to access and reuse of educational materials by communicating rights in advance
- CC licensed resources aid in search and discovery; the licenses clarify to educators, students the rights available to them for use, remix, and resharing 2010 survey of Maine teachers in their use of technology and OER showed that 88% of teachers use Google to locate OER CC licensed content filtering is integrated with Google search engines via the advanced search features; Google indexing things on the web whether it has a CC licensed attached to it whereas a straight up search for a learning topic can return millions of hits, and resources teachers don’t know whether they can include in the lessons, CC filtered search returns resources that have been licensed under CC CC has also been developing an experimental OER search prototype called DiscoverEd DiscoverEd integrates full text of content (what Google does well) and also structured data models to pull in good metadata; such as “this resource is for grade level 3” or “this resource is in English”, etc. you can imagine other parameters this could be extended to—”does this learning module satisfy a specific Common Core standard?”
- CC licensed OER address language and accessibility concerns OER 800 MIT OCW courses have been translated into languages other than English, all without needing to ask permission from the copyright holder Open textbooks can be converted into accessible formats, such as audiobooks and Braille refresh; no additional royalty costs since the rights are pre-cleared via the CC license
- CC licensed open textbooks is one solution to enable creativity, customizability, keep materials up to date, and make learning materials more affordable Flat World is a commercial textbook publisher that incorporates CC licenses into the core of their business model, offering free online access, and affordable print on demand physical copies of textbooks and supplemental materials FWK 800 colleges will utilize their open textbooks this year, saving 150,000 students $12 million or more in textbook expenses CK-12 has produced several open textbooks called “flexbooks”, and their Physics Flexbook is in use in Virginia high schools; developed and delivered within 6 months a professor at the UMICH School of Information, took an existing Computer Science Python textbook that was licensed under an open license and remixed the book in only 11 days, Michigan’s espresso book machine printed copies for $10
- thanks so much! pleased to answer any questions you might have