The challenge of reforming national agricultural extension systems in Africa: the case of Uganda’s policy reform process 1996–2011.
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The challenge of reforming national agricultural extension systems in Africa: the case of Uganda’s policy reform process 1996–2011.
- 1. A KEY CHALLENGE OF REFORMING NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEMS IN AFRICA THE CASE OF UGANDA’S EXTENSION REFORM PROCESS 1996 – 2011 Patience B. Rwamigisa and Regina Birner Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, P.O. Box 102, Entebbe, Uganda
- 9. Results cont... Attribute Interest Coalition A Interest Coalition B Approach to Extension Reform Improving agricultural extension through reforms within the public sector is impossible; new approaches involving the private sector and civil society are needed Extension can only be achieved through a gradual reform within the public sector; outsourcing model is not appropriate in its presentation situation
- 10. Results cont.. Attribute Interest Coalition A Interest Coalition B Farmer Empower-ment Believed that the farmer had not been given opportunity to participate in decision making with regard to the kind of extension services he/she needed. There was need to create avenues for the farmers to be heard in decision making processes; and to liberate them from the bureaucratic top-down decision making process that characterized the public sector. Also subscribed to the farmer empowerment concept, but did not believe that the way the NAADS program was being implemented was in effect empowering the farmers. They thought that the farmers groups that had been formed perceived themselves as belonging to NAADS, but not NAADS belonging to the farmers.
- 11. Results cont.. Attribute Interest Coalition A Interest Coalition B Role of State and Private Sector The state should be limited to public financing, coordination, facilitation and regulation. Service delivery should be by the private sector, which they viewed as more efficient. The public sector should continue to play an active role as capacity of private sector develops. Private sector participation should be limited to areas with demonstrated competence. Contracting them not sustainable
- 12. Results Cont.. Attribute Interest Coalition A Interest Coalition B Self Perception True reformers; defending farmers’ interests True understanding of the system; able to identify what can work Other Perception Defending vested interests of bureaucracy and politicians Captured by donor and their reform models; not open to locally adapted solutions Members Ministry of Finance, Donors led by World Bank, NAADS leadership Ministry of Agriculture, Local Governments, NARO, PMA, Academia
- 13. Coalition A dominates and is able to exclude Coalition B from the process of creating NAADS
- 14. Coalition B is able to increase its influence, but no consensus is achieved; this situation facilitates increasing direct political influence by the President
- 18. THANK YOU