The document summarizes the cell cycle and the process of mitosis. [1] It describes the four phases of the cell cycle - G1, S, G2, and M phase. [2] It then explains the key stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase - where chromosomes condense and duplicate, align, separate, and the nuclear envelope reforms. [3] It compares mitosis in plant and animal cells, noting that plant cells form a cell plate while animal cells pinch at a cleavage furrow.

1. 10-2 Cell Cycle
Page 245 Interphase
– G 1 - cell grows, normal
G 1 Phase
functions of life
– S Phase – DNA
replicates
M Phase – G 2 - cell grows and
S Phase prepares for mitosis
M Phase – Mitosis
– Cell division
G 2 Phase

2. Chromosomes
In Interphase, chromosomes
appear as chromatin
When mitosis begins, chromatin
condenses to form visible
chromosomes
Sister chromatids are identical
halves of a duplicated chromosome
• Chromatids are joined at the
centromere

4. Mitosis - Prophase
Chromosomes condense
Nuclear membrane disappears
Spindle fibers form as centrioles move toward
poles

5. Mitosis - Metaphase
Chromosomes line
up along the cell’s
center
Chromosomes
attach to spindle
fibers at the
centromeres

6. Mitosis - Anaphase
Sister chromatids
separate and
move toward
poles

7. Mitosis – Telophase
and Cytokinesis
Telophase – last step of mitosis
– Individual chromosomes gather
at poles
– Nuclear membrane reforms
Cytokinesis – follows telophase
– Cell pinches in half
– Two cells form
• Animal Cells – cleavage furrow
• Plant Cells – cell plate

8. Mitosis in Plant
vs. Animal Cells
No
Centrioles
centrioles
Spindle
Fibers
Plant Cells Animal Cells
Stages of
mitosis
Cell plate Cell
(PMAT) pinches at
forms
between cleavage
cells furrow

9. Another Look at Mitosis
Mitosis in a Lily Cell
Onion Cells Mitosis in Whitefish Cells

10. Mitosis Review
How many chromosomes did
this cell start with?
– FOUR
During which phase are
sister chromatids separated?
– ANAPHASE
How many chromosomes are
in EACH daughter cell?
– FOUR