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Semantic Technologies and Learning Analytics Dragan Ga šević Athabasca University Email: dgasevic@acm.org

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<ul><li>The Social Web is here! </li></ul><ul><li>What now? </li></ul>

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Topics to discuss – morning <ul><li>Semantics as a big promise </li></ul><ul><li>Learning ecosystems </li></ul><ul><li>Semantics and learning analytics </li></ul><ul><li>Open (research ) challenges </li></ul>

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<ul><li>Part I </li></ul><ul><li>Semantics as a Big Promise </li></ul>

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Semantic Web <ul><li>To create a universal medium for the exchange of data. </li></ul><ul><li>… to smoothly interconnect personal information management, enterprise application integration and the global sharing of commercial, scientific and cultural data. </li></ul><ul><li> Semantic Web Activity Statement http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/Activity </li></ul>

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Semantic Web <ul><li>Key characteristics </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Anyone can say anything about anything </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Explicit definition of the meaning </li></ul></ul>

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What is an ontology? <ul><li>Definition (Swartout and Tate, 1999) </li></ul><ul><ul><li>the basic structure or armature around which a knowledge base can be built </li></ul></ul>

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RDF

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<ul><li>The Semantic Web is NOT opposite to the Social Web! </li></ul>

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Semantic Web <ul><li>Ontologies: Interconnecting applications </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Shared domain conceptualizations </li></ul></ul>

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Linked Data http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/

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Linked Data http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/

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Linked Data SPARLQ end points They enable data mash-ups http://richard.cyganiak.de/2007/10/lod/

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Luxembourg, 22 Nov 2010 http://www.slideshare.net/rjw/bbc-linked-data-journey

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Luxembourg, 22 Nov 2010 http://www.slideshare.net/rjw/bbc-linked-data-journey

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http://www.slideshare.net/rjw/bbc-linked-data-journey

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Luxembourg, 22 Nov 2010 http://www.slideshare.net/rjw/bbc-linked-data-journey

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<ul><li>Part III </li></ul><ul><li>Learning Ecosystems </li></ul>

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Today’s idea of “learning”

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Learning Paths http://www.w3.org/2006/Talks/1023-sb-W3CTechSemWeb/DataServicesWebAppMetro2.jpg

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Educational Ecosystems Authoring Reusability Packaging Educators Reusability Adaptivity Evolution Collaboration with educators and students

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Educational Ecosystems Authoring Reusability Packaging Educators Feedback Learning and Collaborating Personalization Adaptivity Context-awareness Social interaction … Learners

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Educational Ecosystems Educators Learners Authoring Reusability Packaging Learning and Collaborating Community Peer-Review Presenting Administration Mobile

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Learning (Life) not in a box! A small part of a software engineer’s life

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Learning ecosystem … … … … … A small part of a software engineer’s life

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Learning Ecosystem <ul><li>Connect presently isolated islands - not ecological! </li></ul>Students/Educators <ul><li>Content </li></ul><ul><li>LORs </li></ul><ul><li>Libraries </li></ul><ul><li>Multimedia </li></ul><ul><li>Reuse </li></ul><ul><li>Pedagogy </li></ul><ul><li>User models </li></ul><ul><li>Adaptivity </li></ul><ul><li>Educational models </li></ul><ul><li>Collaboration </li></ul><ul><li>Chat </li></ul><ul><li>Discussion </li></ul><ul><li>Services </li></ul><ul><li>Community </li></ul><ul><li>Course, University, … </li></ul><ul><li>Portfolio </li></ul><ul><li>Evidence </li></ul><ul><li>Competencies </li></ul><ul><li>Peer-review </li></ul><ul><li>Courses </li></ul><ul><li>Publishing </li></ul><ul><li>Platforms </li></ul><ul><li>Mobile </li></ul><ul><li>Desktop </li></ul><ul><li>Domain tools </li></ul><ul><li>Mashed up with education tools </li></ul><ul><li>Desktop </li></ul><ul><li>Email </li></ul><ul><li>Firefox… </li></ul><ul><li>Authoring </li></ul><ul><li>Word </li></ul><ul><li>Frontpage </li></ul><ul><li>Reload… </li></ul><ul><li>Privacy </li></ul><ul><li>Policy </li></ul><ul><li>Identity </li></ul>

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<ul><li>Part III </li></ul><ul><li>Semantics and Learning Analytics </li></ul>

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<ul><li>“ A crazy problem requires a crazy solution!” </li></ul><ul><li>(Griff Richards, 2005) </li></ul>

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Learning Context Ontology: LOCO Jovanović, J., Knight, C., Gašević, D., Richards, G., &quot;Learning Object Context on the Semantic Web,&quot; 6th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies , Kerkrade, The Netherlands, 2006 pp. 669-673 ( Best paper award ).

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Education Social Semantic Web <ul><li>Combining Social and Semantic Web aspects </li></ul><ul><ul><li>OAST and LOCO-Analyst </li></ul></ul>

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LOCO-Analyst LOCO-Analyst

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Evaluation of LOCO-Analyst <ul><li>Predictors of the perceived utility </li></ul><ul><ul><li>information about interactions of students </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>social networking </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>students’ comprehension of content </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>collaborative tagging </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>intuitiveness & ease-to-understand of the presentation of the above two </li></ul></ul>

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Evaluation of LOCO-Analyst <ul><li>Predictors of user interface perceived value </li></ul><ul><ul><li>students’ interaction with individual lessons </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>individual learning – granularity level </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>students’ activities in discussion forums and chat rooms </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>social activities </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>students’ comprehension of studied topics </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>collaborative tagging </li></ul></ul></ul>

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Harmonization of personal & organizational goals Jelena’s goal: Learn Catia http://intelleo.eu

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Harmonization of personal & organizational goals Jelena’s goal: Learn Catia CATIA - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://intelleo.eu

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Harmonization of personal & organizational goals Jelena’s goal: Learn Catia Jelena’s profile http://intelleo.eu

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http://intelleo.eu

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http://intelleo.eu

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<ul><li>Part IV </li></ul><ul><li>Open Challenges </li></ul>

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Challenges <ul><li>Ontology development </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Similar to databases – someone needs to develop </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Many are already available </li></ul></ul>

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Challenges <ul><li>Some promising clues </li></ul><ul><ul><li>“ Little semantics goes a long way” </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>DPpedia as a big promise (remember BBC) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Ontologies and folksonomies </li></ul></ul>

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Challenges <ul><li>Learning analytics for students </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Personal planning – social organizational </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Experience sharing </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Learning analytics for organizations </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Learning organization & organizational learning </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Discourse analysis </li></ul><ul><ul><li>E.g., analyze based on the CoI model </li></ul></ul>

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Challenges <ul><li>Ubiquitous learning analytics </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Tool and format independent </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Aggregates and integrates </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Visual learning analytics </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Ubiquitous impossible w/o visual </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Information overload </li></ul></ul></ul>

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http://projects.kmi.open.ac.uk/meducator/linkedlearning/ Heraklion, Greece, May 29-June 2, 2011 Submission: March 11, 2011

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Submission: August 10, 2011

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<ul><li>Learning analytics </li></ul><ul><li>more </li></ul><ul><li>meaningful & ubiquitous </li></ul><ul><li>with semantic technologies </li></ul>

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Thank you!