The Pronunciation of Iraq

Variation in the I r a q Vowels: Conservatives vs. Liberals Lauren Hall-Lew, Elizabeth Coppock, & Rebecca Starr Stanford University { dialect, rlstarr, coppock } @ stanford . edu NWAV36 , University of Pennsylvania, October 13, 2007

Observation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[1] Shapiro 1997 [2] Boberg 1997; 1999

Hypotheses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Motivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[3] Tajfel & Turner 1979; Huddy 2001 [4] Citrin et al, 1990 & 2000, cited in Huddy 2001

Motivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[5] Weinreich 1968, cited & comments added in Boberg 1999

Pilot Study: Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pilot Study: Data ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pilot Study: Results ,[object Object],[object Object]

Pilot Study: Other Results ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pilot Study: Other Results ,[object Object]

Pilot Study: Interpretation ,[object Object]

Limitations of Pilot Study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Main Study: Speakers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Data: Iraq Troop Surge Debate ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Surge Debate Study: Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Speaker Factors Coded: Political Stance measures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Speaker Factors Coded: Speech variety measures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Speaker Factors Coded: Other demographic info ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Surge Debate Study: Methods ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

%/æ/ use by number of speakers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

%/æ/ use by number of speakers

Results by Party ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economic & Social Liberalism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economic & Social Liberalism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Results by Age ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[1] cf. Shapiro 1997, that /æ/ is the earlier form

Results by Region ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Results by Region ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variation by Speaker Sex ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What About The First Vowel? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The First Vowel in Iraq ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The First Vowel in Iraq ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SUMMARY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Indexing Political Identity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[6] See, e.g.: Brewer 2001; Conover and Feldman 1981; De Graaf et al. 1995; Huddy 2001; Huddy and Khatib 2007; Mackenzie 1978; Kymlicka 2001, cited in Charney 2003

Operationalizing Political Identity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Operationalizing Political Identity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Future Directions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Future Directions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thank You! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variation by Ethnicity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What about Shrubby? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

No Interactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

No Interactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Pronunciation of Iraq

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