SKC Undip

1. Becoming a
Critical
Thinker
Yudha Satria
2011

2. Main ideas in our discussion..
• Strategies for Effective Learning
• Fundamentals of Thinking
• Persuasive Communication
• Becoming an Individual
• Evaluating Arguments
• Recognizing Errors in Thinking
• Applying Your Thinking Skills

3. Thinking Deeper..
How much you will benefit from this book, your
other textbooks, and your overall educational
experience will depend on your ability to
learn. You may have heard that this ability
can’t be acquired; it is something you either
have in your genes or you don’t.

4. Then, do you Agreed..?
That view is wrong!

5. Admit it..
While it is true that some people learn more
easily than others and seem to have an inborn
talent that helps them be successful, there’s
another important factor that isn’t found in
people’s genes the strategies or “tricks” that
enhance learning

6. Strategies for Effective Learning
• Planning your days
– ELIMINATE WHAT NEED NOT BE DONE
– SIMPLIFY WHAT MUST BE DONE
– COMBINE TASKS WHENEVER POSSIBLE
• Dealing with frustration
– Grumbling, griping, feeling defeated
– Whenever things go wrong for you, remember
these success stories and seizes your opportunity

7. Continued..
• Handling unpleasant or complex tasks
• Taking charge of your mind
• Studying efficiently
• Understanding what you read
• Keeping a journal
• Building good habits

8. Taking charge of your mind..
• Become more aware of your mental activities
• Listen intently
• Refuse to tolerate confusion
• Be alert for insights

9. Fundamentals of Thinking..
• What is intelligence?
– Factual knowledge is knowing about
– Performance knowledge is knowing how, sometimes
referred to as “know-how”
• What is thinking?
– One process is the production of ideas (creative
thinking)
– The other process is evaluation of ideas (critical
thinking)

10. A comprehensive thinking strategy..
• Step 1: Identify facts and opinions
• Step 2: Check the facts and test the opinion(s)
• Step 3: Evaluate the evidence
• Step 4: Make your judgment

11. Persuasive Communication..
• Have you ever had someone say, in the middle
of a disagreement with you,
“You’re so right. I see the issue clearly now. I
don’t know how I could have reached such a
silly conclusion. Thanks for helping me see my
error.” You probably haven’t.
• People don’t abandon their beliefs that easily.

12. Persuasive..
• Persuasion is the art of getting people to give
a fair hearing to ideas that differ from their
own

13. Analyze this picture..

14. Forum Group Discussion..
• Prepare in advance
• Anticipate disputes
• Leave private agendas outside
• Cooperate with the leader
• Listen to others
• Understand before judging
• Be balanced
• Be courteous
• Monitor your contributions
• Be alert for insights

15. Becoming an Individual..
• Individuality
Individuality is the quality or qualities that set one
person apart from others
• Acknowledging influences
The first step in becoming an individual is to admit that
other people have shaped you
• Understanding attitudes
Our attitudes are strongly influenced by our culture that
we were introduced to at home and in our community

16. Analyze this picture..

17. Empower your attitudes..
• Attitude 1: There’s always room for
improvement
• Attitude 2: Criticism, including self-criticism,
has value
• Attitude 3: Effort is the key to success
• Attitude 4: Other people are as important as I
am

18. Habits of individually..
• Be wary of first impressions
• Fight confusion
• Produce many ideas
• Acknowledge complexity
• Look for connections among subjects
• Consider other viewpoints
• Base your judgments on evidence

19. Be honest with yourself..
• Much that we blame on others is really our own
fault
• When we deny our mistakes, we compound them
• Others can usually see our faults better than we
can
• Most of us tend to be too concerned about our
rights and not concerned enough about our
responsibilities
• Much that we think we know, we really only
guess or assume

20. How we get resources..

21. Thank’s for your
attention..
See you again soon..