SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 25
Descargar para leer sin conexión
’s
                                         in veneer on the earth
A l l l if e is c o n f in e d t o a t h
                         surface called the
   BIOSPHERE
Biosphere
• Biosphere is the global ecological
  system integrating all living beings
  and their relationships.

• Usually defined as the thin outer
  layer of the earth capable of
  supporting life.
Subdivisions of the Biosphere

     • Lithosphere
    • Hydrosphere
     • Atmosphere
LITHOSPHERE

 The rocky material of the earth’s
outer shell and is the ultimate source
 of all mineral elements required by
           living organisms.
hydroSPHERE
       The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth.

 The abundance of water on Earth is a unique feature that
  clearly distinguishes our "Blue Planet" from others in the
                         solar system.

Not a drop of liquid water can be found anywhere else in the
    solar system. It is because the Earth has just the right
       mass, the right chemical composition, the right
  atmosphere, and is the right distance from the Sun that
           permits water to exist mainly as a liquid.

       Most of the water is contained in the oceans
atmOSPHERE
  The gaseous component of the
           biosphere.

     Extends up to some 3500 km
  above the earth’s surface, but all
  life is confined to the lowest 8 to
       15 km (TROPOSPHERE).

     The screening layer in the
   atmosphere of oxygen-zone is
 concentrated mostly between 20 –
              25 km.
Biosphere
Greenhouse effect
    The greenhouse effect is the rise in
   temperature that the Earth experiences
   because certain gases in the atmosphere
(water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide,
and methane, for example) trap energy from
  the sun. Without these gases, heat would
 escape back into space and Earth’s average
  temperature would be about 60ºF colder.
Because of how they warm our world, these
 gases are referred to as greenhouse gases.
Biosphere
Terrestrial Environments: BIOMES
• A biome is a major biotic unit bearing a
  characteristic and easily recognized array of
  plant life.
• A biome is identified by its dominant plant
  formation but, because animals depend on
  plants, each biome supports a characteristic
  fauna.
• A biome,s distinctiveness is determined
  mainly by climate.
Biosphere
Temperature Deciduous
        Forest
 • This biome occupies the eastern half of the United
          States and a large portion of Europe.
• It is characterized by: hardwood trees (e.g., beech,
  maple, oak, hickory) which are deciduous(shed their
                  leaves in the autumn).
   • Large stands dominated by a single species are
                         common.
• Deer, raccoons, and salamanders are characteristic
                       inhabitants.
• During the growing season, this biome can be quite
        productive in both natural and agricultural
                       ecosystems.
Coniferous Forest
• This biome is found in the upper areas of North America and Asia

• Tall mountains have supported vigorous tree growth and a large
                        animal population.

 • Many animals like the white tailed deer, Reeve's muntjac, fox,
         mice, owls, and squirrels are found in this area.

• The weather in this biome is very cold. It is stormy in the winter
  and hot. There are usually many lightning storms in the summer.

 • There are many plants in this biome, but three dominate more
  than others. These are: pine, fir, and spruce trees. Mosses are also
                    found almost anywhere here
Tropical Forest
 • The Tropical Rain forest contains trees standing 30 to 55
   meters in height, creating a continuous canopy of foliage.
   The enclosed canopy shades the forest floor inhibiting the
     development of much undergrowth, creating an open
                        forest formation

• The intense precipitation of the tropical rainforest climate
                   heavily leaches the soil.

• Oxisol soil common to the rain forest are relatively infertile
  due to intense weathering and a lack of available nutrients.
  Deforestation and habitat destruction is severely crippling
                  the rain forest ecosystem.
Grassland
• The Grassland biome is dominated by grasses of a
  variety of species, all having adapted to the summer
  drought common to their semiarid habitat.

• Prairies are found on the humid side of the grassland
  biome and are often referred to as the tall-grass
  prairie.

• On the drier side of the grassland biome lies the
  steppe grasslands. Vegetation must cope with the
  summer soil moisture deficit common to the steppe
  climate in which this formation class is found.
Tundra
• Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from
  the Finnish word tunturi, meaning treeless plain.

Characteristics of tundra include:
• Extremely cold climate
• Low biotic diversity
• Simple vegetation structure
• Limitation of drainage
• Short season of growth and reproduction
• Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material
• Large population oscillations
Desert
• Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's surface
   and occur where rainfall is less than 50 cm/year.

• There are relatively few large mammals in deserts
  because most are not capable of storing sufficient
          water and withstanding the heat.

• Deserts often provide little shelter from the sun for
 large animals. The dominant animals of warm deserts
    are nonmammalian vertebrates, such as reptiles.
 Mammals are usually small, like the kangaroo mice of
                North American deserts.
Inland Waters
• Of all the worl’ds water, 2.5% is fresh.

• Inland waters exist as running-water, or
  LOTIC.
      (brooks or streams)

• Standing water or LENTIC.
     (ponds or lakes)
Oceanic Environments
• This is the largest zone in the ocean.
• as deep as 11,000 m below the surface.
• Sunlight does not penetrate very deep into
  the oceanic zone.
• Cradle of life

• BETHNIC (seabed)
• PELAGIC (open ocean)
Rocky Intertidal Zone
• This zone is located along the shoreline of
  the world ocean.

• Exposed to air during low tides

• Animals of intertidal communities experience
  daily fluctuations between marine and
  terrestial environments.
Rocky Subtidal Zone
   • This area is submerged most of the time,
     exposed briefly during extreme low tides
        around full and new moon events.

• This zone provides habitat to a large diversity of
    plants and animals in contrast to the other
                      zones.

   • It is dominated by red algae and the most
    common animals found here are the grazers
         such as periwinkles and sea urchins.
Nearshore Soft Sediments
• Small creeks in salt marshes are particularly
  favorable in habitats for many polychaetes,
  mussels and fishes.

• In calm waters of tropical and subtropical
  marine coasts, mangrove trees grow in
  submerged soft sediments, forming thick
  forests along the shoreline.
Deep-Sea Sediments
• The deep sea includes the continental slope,
  continental rise and abyssal pain.

• Suspension-feeding invertebrates dominate
  sandy subtrates.
Hydrothermal Vents

• Hydtrothermal vents occur on abyssal plain
  in areas of submarine volacanic activity.

• Hydrothermal vents are ephemeral; repeated
  colonization of newly formed vents
  propagate these communities.
Pelagic Realm
• The vast open ocean is called the pelagic
  realm.

• 90% of the total ocean

• Areas of upwelling and convergence of ocean
  currents are vital sources of nutrient renewal
  for the surface photic zone.

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (20)

Lithosphere
LithosphereLithosphere
Lithosphere
 
Biosphere ppt
Biosphere pptBiosphere ppt
Biosphere ppt
 
Hydrosphere
HydrosphereHydrosphere
Hydrosphere
 
The biosphere
The biosphereThe biosphere
The biosphere
 
Biomes: PowerPoint
Biomes:  PowerPointBiomes:  PowerPoint
Biomes: PowerPoint
 
Powerpoint ..biomes
Powerpoint ..biomesPowerpoint ..biomes
Powerpoint ..biomes
 
Applied ecology
Applied ecology Applied ecology
Applied ecology
 
Biodiversity loss
Biodiversity lossBiodiversity loss
Biodiversity loss
 
Biogeography
BiogeographyBiogeography
Biogeography
 
Atmosphere: Composition and Strucutre
Atmosphere: Composition and StrucutreAtmosphere: Composition and Strucutre
Atmosphere: Composition and Strucutre
 
Biosphere notes
Biosphere notesBiosphere notes
Biosphere notes
 
Biomes
BiomesBiomes
Biomes
 
Tropical forest ecosystem
Tropical forest ecosystemTropical forest ecosystem
Tropical forest ecosystem
 
The biosphere
The biosphereThe biosphere
The biosphere
 
Ecosystem and its components
Ecosystem and its componentsEcosystem and its components
Ecosystem and its components
 
8[1].1 biotic & abiotic components
8[1].1   biotic & abiotic components8[1].1   biotic & abiotic components
8[1].1 biotic & abiotic components
 
Impact of climate change on biodiversity
Impact of climate change on biodiversityImpact of climate change on biodiversity
Impact of climate change on biodiversity
 
Distribution of earth's water location water_on_the_earth
Distribution of earth's water  location water_on_the_earthDistribution of earth's water  location water_on_the_earth
Distribution of earth's water location water_on_the_earth
 
Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (1)
Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (1)Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (1)
Atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (1)
 
Biosphere, Biodiversity and Change
Biosphere, Biodiversity and ChangeBiosphere, Biodiversity and Change
Biosphere, Biodiversity and Change
 

Destacado

Earth Science. Biosphere ppt
Earth Science. Biosphere pptEarth Science. Biosphere ppt
Earth Science. Biosphere pptMrs. Henley
 
Water drops
Water dropsWater drops
Water dropsVili 48
 
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLF
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLFLiberating Structures at Melbourne KMLF
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLFNancy Wright White
 
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)Nikos
 
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)Nikos
 
Cheap bathmate for sale
Cheap bathmate for saleCheap bathmate for sale
Cheap bathmate for saleTerry Donovan
 
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)Nikos
 
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINED
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINEDCHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINED
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINEDrobdorn26
 
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model Andrew Scott
 
Human sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseHuman sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseDinDin Horneja
 

Destacado (13)

Earth Science. Biosphere ppt
Earth Science. Biosphere pptEarth Science. Biosphere ppt
Earth Science. Biosphere ppt
 
Water drops
Water dropsWater drops
Water drops
 
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLF
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLFLiberating Structures at Melbourne KMLF
Liberating Structures at Melbourne KMLF
 
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)
Japan Earthquake: Before - After (Nikos)
 
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)
The Thousand Faces of Humanity (Nikos)
 
Cheap bathmate for sale
Cheap bathmate for saleCheap bathmate for sale
Cheap bathmate for sale
 
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)
Colours from Greece. 5 (Nikos)
 
Ctenophores pp
Ctenophores ppCtenophores pp
Ctenophores pp
 
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINED
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINEDCHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINED
CHIROPRACTIC EXPLAINED
 
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model
Lazarus and Folkman Transactional model
 
Self
SelfSelf
Self
 
Human sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourseHuman sexual intercourse
Human sexual intercourse
 
SlideShare 101
SlideShare 101SlideShare 101
SlideShare 101
 

Similar a Biosphere

BIOMES.pptx
BIOMES.pptxBIOMES.pptx
BIOMES.pptxMacMak4
 
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptx
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptxbiomes-190215063001.pptx.pptx
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptxgeegrand2023
 
Midterm envisci
Midterm envisciMidterm envisci
Midterm enviscisammmy95
 
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!abbymarte
 
Biomes suarez
Biomes suarezBiomes suarez
Biomes suarezyosildas
 
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptx
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptxEcolosystems in PNW.pptx
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptxChristeeHarwood
 
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem  A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem  A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
 
Kinds of ecosystem
Kinds of ecosystemKinds of ecosystem
Kinds of ecosystemCarla Mayol
 
Types of Ecosystem
Types of EcosystemTypes of Ecosystem
Types of EcosystemManas Dhibar
 

Similar a Biosphere (20)

Biomes ecology
Biomes ecologyBiomes ecology
Biomes ecology
 
Biomes ecology
Biomes ecologyBiomes ecology
Biomes ecology
 
Habitat ecology
Habitat ecology Habitat ecology
Habitat ecology
 
Biomes
BiomesBiomes
Biomes
 
Biomes
BiomesBiomes
Biomes
 
BIOMES.pptx
BIOMES.pptxBIOMES.pptx
BIOMES.pptx
 
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptx
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptxbiomes-190215063001.pptx.pptx
biomes-190215063001.pptx.pptx
 
Ecosystem
EcosystemEcosystem
Ecosystem
 
Midterm envisci
Midterm envisciMidterm envisci
Midterm envisci
 
Major types of ecosystem
Major types of ecosystemMajor types of ecosystem
Major types of ecosystem
 
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!
Abby (ecosystem) fkaching ... love u rommel gallido..haha !!
 
Biomes suarez
Biomes suarezBiomes suarez
Biomes suarez
 
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptx
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptxEcolosystems in PNW.pptx
Ecolosystems in PNW.pptx
 
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem  A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem  A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...
21. Agroecology and natural ecosystem A Presentation By Mr. Allah Dad Khan V...
 
Ecosystem characetrs
Ecosystem characetrs Ecosystem characetrs
Ecosystem characetrs
 
Kinds of ecosystem
Kinds of ecosystemKinds of ecosystem
Kinds of ecosystem
 
Terretrial Ecosystem.pdf
Terretrial Ecosystem.pdfTerretrial Ecosystem.pdf
Terretrial Ecosystem.pdf
 
Ecosystem with quiz
Ecosystem with quizEcosystem with quiz
Ecosystem with quiz
 
Types of Ecosystem
Types of EcosystemTypes of Ecosystem
Types of Ecosystem
 
Desert Ecosystem
Desert EcosystemDesert Ecosystem
Desert Ecosystem
 

Más de DinDin Horneja (20)

Ctenophores pp
Ctenophores ppCtenophores pp
Ctenophores pp
 
Porifera & placozoa 2012
  Porifera & placozoa 2012  Porifera & placozoa 2012
Porifera & placozoa 2012
 
Introductionto metazoa 2012
Introductionto metazoa 2012Introductionto metazoa 2012
Introductionto metazoa 2012
 
Introductionto bilateria 2012
Introductionto bilateria 2012Introductionto bilateria 2012
Introductionto bilateria 2012
 
Cnidaria gen features -2012
Cnidaria  gen features -2012Cnidaria  gen features -2012
Cnidaria gen features -2012
 
Cnidaria and ctenophora 2012
Cnidaria and ctenophora 2012Cnidaria and ctenophora 2012
Cnidaria and ctenophora 2012
 
Class hydrozoa and anthozoa
Class hydrozoa and anthozoaClass hydrozoa and anthozoa
Class hydrozoa and anthozoa
 
Intro to eumetazoa2012
  Intro to eumetazoa2012  Intro to eumetazoa2012
Intro to eumetazoa2012
 
New cnidaria
New cnidariaNew cnidaria
New cnidaria
 
Sex chromosomes1
Sex chromosomes1Sex chromosomes1
Sex chromosomes1
 
Sex chromosomes
Sex chromosomesSex chromosomes
Sex chromosomes
 
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineeringGenetic engineering
Genetic engineering
 
Sex chromosomes1
Sex chromosomes1Sex chromosomes1
Sex chromosomes1
 
Mendels law
Mendels lawMendels law
Mendels law
 
Genomics
GenomicsGenomics
Genomics
 
Genetics
GeneticsGenetics
Genetics
 
Genetics, mendelian laws
Genetics, mendelian lawsGenetics, mendelian laws
Genetics, mendelian laws
 
Beyond mendel
Beyond mendelBeyond mendel
Beyond mendel
 
Hereditary patterns
Hereditary patternsHereditary patterns
Hereditary patterns
 
Ecosystem
EcosystemEcosystem
Ecosystem
 

Último

IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IES VE
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UbiTrack UK
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLRuncy Oommen
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesMd Hossain Ali
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1DianaGray10
 
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.francesco barbera
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPathCommunity
 
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceThings you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceMartin Humpolec
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostMatt Ray
 
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptx
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptxBabel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptx
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptxYounusS2
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024D Cloud Solutions
 
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesHow to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesThousandEyes
 

Último (20)

IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just MinutesAI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
AI Fame Rush Review – Virtual Influencer Creation In Just Minutes
 
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
Secure your environment with UiPath and CyberArk technologies - Session 1
 
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.
Digital magic. A small project for controlling smart light bulbs.
 
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation DevelopersUiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
UiPath Community: AI for UiPath Automation Developers
 
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your SalesforceThings you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
Things you didn't know you can use in your Salesforce
 
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
 
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptx
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptxBabel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptx
Babel Compiler - Transforming JavaScript for All Browsers.pptx
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
 
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyesHow to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
How to Effectively Monitor SD-WAN and SASE Environments with ThousandEyes
 

Biosphere

  • 1. ’s in veneer on the earth A l l l if e is c o n f in e d t o a t h surface called the BIOSPHERE
  • 2. Biosphere • Biosphere is the global ecological system integrating all living beings and their relationships. • Usually defined as the thin outer layer of the earth capable of supporting life.
  • 3. Subdivisions of the Biosphere • Lithosphere • Hydrosphere • Atmosphere
  • 4. LITHOSPHERE The rocky material of the earth’s outer shell and is the ultimate source of all mineral elements required by living organisms.
  • 5. hydroSPHERE The hydrosphere includes all water on Earth. The abundance of water on Earth is a unique feature that clearly distinguishes our "Blue Planet" from others in the solar system. Not a drop of liquid water can be found anywhere else in the solar system. It is because the Earth has just the right mass, the right chemical composition, the right atmosphere, and is the right distance from the Sun that permits water to exist mainly as a liquid. Most of the water is contained in the oceans
  • 6. atmOSPHERE The gaseous component of the biosphere. Extends up to some 3500 km above the earth’s surface, but all life is confined to the lowest 8 to 15 km (TROPOSPHERE). The screening layer in the atmosphere of oxygen-zone is concentrated mostly between 20 – 25 km.
  • 8. Greenhouse effect The greenhouse effect is the rise in temperature that the Earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere (water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, for example) trap energy from the sun. Without these gases, heat would escape back into space and Earth’s average temperature would be about 60ºF colder. Because of how they warm our world, these gases are referred to as greenhouse gases.
  • 10. Terrestrial Environments: BIOMES • A biome is a major biotic unit bearing a characteristic and easily recognized array of plant life. • A biome is identified by its dominant plant formation but, because animals depend on plants, each biome supports a characteristic fauna. • A biome,s distinctiveness is determined mainly by climate.
  • 12. Temperature Deciduous Forest • This biome occupies the eastern half of the United States and a large portion of Europe. • It is characterized by: hardwood trees (e.g., beech, maple, oak, hickory) which are deciduous(shed their leaves in the autumn). • Large stands dominated by a single species are common. • Deer, raccoons, and salamanders are characteristic inhabitants. • During the growing season, this biome can be quite productive in both natural and agricultural ecosystems.
  • 13. Coniferous Forest • This biome is found in the upper areas of North America and Asia • Tall mountains have supported vigorous tree growth and a large animal population. • Many animals like the white tailed deer, Reeve's muntjac, fox, mice, owls, and squirrels are found in this area. • The weather in this biome is very cold. It is stormy in the winter and hot. There are usually many lightning storms in the summer. • There are many plants in this biome, but three dominate more than others. These are: pine, fir, and spruce trees. Mosses are also found almost anywhere here
  • 14. Tropical Forest • The Tropical Rain forest contains trees standing 30 to 55 meters in height, creating a continuous canopy of foliage. The enclosed canopy shades the forest floor inhibiting the development of much undergrowth, creating an open forest formation • The intense precipitation of the tropical rainforest climate heavily leaches the soil. • Oxisol soil common to the rain forest are relatively infertile due to intense weathering and a lack of available nutrients. Deforestation and habitat destruction is severely crippling the rain forest ecosystem.
  • 15. Grassland • The Grassland biome is dominated by grasses of a variety of species, all having adapted to the summer drought common to their semiarid habitat. • Prairies are found on the humid side of the grassland biome and are often referred to as the tall-grass prairie. • On the drier side of the grassland biome lies the steppe grasslands. Vegetation must cope with the summer soil moisture deficit common to the steppe climate in which this formation class is found.
  • 16. Tundra • Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi, meaning treeless plain. Characteristics of tundra include: • Extremely cold climate • Low biotic diversity • Simple vegetation structure • Limitation of drainage • Short season of growth and reproduction • Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material • Large population oscillations
  • 17. Desert • Deserts cover about one fifth of the Earth's surface and occur where rainfall is less than 50 cm/year. • There are relatively few large mammals in deserts because most are not capable of storing sufficient water and withstanding the heat. • Deserts often provide little shelter from the sun for large animals. The dominant animals of warm deserts are nonmammalian vertebrates, such as reptiles. Mammals are usually small, like the kangaroo mice of North American deserts.
  • 18. Inland Waters • Of all the worl’ds water, 2.5% is fresh. • Inland waters exist as running-water, or LOTIC. (brooks or streams) • Standing water or LENTIC. (ponds or lakes)
  • 19. Oceanic Environments • This is the largest zone in the ocean. • as deep as 11,000 m below the surface. • Sunlight does not penetrate very deep into the oceanic zone. • Cradle of life • BETHNIC (seabed) • PELAGIC (open ocean)
  • 20. Rocky Intertidal Zone • This zone is located along the shoreline of the world ocean. • Exposed to air during low tides • Animals of intertidal communities experience daily fluctuations between marine and terrestial environments.
  • 21. Rocky Subtidal Zone • This area is submerged most of the time, exposed briefly during extreme low tides around full and new moon events. • This zone provides habitat to a large diversity of plants and animals in contrast to the other zones. • It is dominated by red algae and the most common animals found here are the grazers such as periwinkles and sea urchins.
  • 22. Nearshore Soft Sediments • Small creeks in salt marshes are particularly favorable in habitats for many polychaetes, mussels and fishes. • In calm waters of tropical and subtropical marine coasts, mangrove trees grow in submerged soft sediments, forming thick forests along the shoreline.
  • 23. Deep-Sea Sediments • The deep sea includes the continental slope, continental rise and abyssal pain. • Suspension-feeding invertebrates dominate sandy subtrates.
  • 24. Hydrothermal Vents • Hydtrothermal vents occur on abyssal plain in areas of submarine volacanic activity. • Hydrothermal vents are ephemeral; repeated colonization of newly formed vents propagate these communities.
  • 25. Pelagic Realm • The vast open ocean is called the pelagic realm. • 90% of the total ocean • Areas of upwelling and convergence of ocean currents are vital sources of nutrient renewal for the surface photic zone.