Agile2011 when the coaches leave
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Agile2011 when the coaches leave
- 1. Sustaining Agility after the Coaches Leave Dan LeFebvre Agile/Scrum Coach, CSC © DCL Agility, 2010-2011 1 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 2. Dan LeFebvreFounder & Agile Coach,DCL Agility, LLCwww.dclagility.com Certified ScrumMaster (CSM), Certified Scrum Professional (CSP)Certified Scrum Coach (CSC) Extensive experience in software product development as a developer, manager, director, and coach Using agile practices since 2003 Fulltime Agile Coach since 2006 2 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 3. Learning Outcomes Understand the forces that act against a change to agile Techniques to discuss and address them in your organization How to install mechanisms to maintain agility 3 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 4. Force Field Analysis 4 Status Quo Driving Forces Restraining Forces “ An issue is held in balance by the interaction of two opposing sets of forces – those seeking to promote change (driving forces) and those attempting to maintain the status quo (restraining forces)” – Kurt Lewin Developed by Kurt Lewin 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 5. Status Quo Driving Forces Restraining Forces Desired State Force Field Analysis 5 Developed by Kurt Lewin 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 9. Responsive to customer needs
- 10. Improved Quality
- 11. Astonishing ResultsFear of learning new skills Current method is not working process/PMO/roadblocks Early successes Departmental Friction Initial excitement Annual budgeting process Agile Champion/coach Fear of losing position or power Team self-organization 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 13. Predictability
- 15. Responsive to customer needs
- 16. Improved Quality
- 17. Astonishing ResultsFear of learning new skills Current method is not working process/PMO/roadblocks Early successes Departmental Friction Initial excitement Annual budgeting process Agile Champion/coach Fear of losing position or power Team self-organization 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 19. Predictability
- 21. Responsive to customer needs
- 22. Improved Quality
- 23. Astonishing ResultsYour Turn 8 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 24. Exercise: Stretch break Stand up and stretch your body Turn to the person standing next to you and give him/her a short, two-minute, verbal summary of what you've just learned about Force Field Analysis Next, listen to your partner’s summarization of his/her learning Sit when finished 9 8/10/2011 Agile2011 9
- 26. Predictability
- 28. Responsive to customer needs
- 29. Improved Quality
- 30. Astonishing ResultsFear of learning new skills Current method is not working process/PMO/roadblocks Early successes Departmental Friction Initial excitement Annual budgeting process Agile Champion/coach Fear of losing position or power Team self-organization 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 31. Reinforcing the Removal of Impediments Teams will raise impediments They will need help to remove them If management ignores them, team will be discouraged 11 Need an organization impediments removal mechanism 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 32. Enterprise Transition Community with Improvement Communities 12 Source: Succeeding with Agile Using Scrum- Mike Cohn 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 33. Scrum Master Team Scrum Masters are expected to be the organizational change agents Scrum Masters form a team to remove impediments Collects and prioritized impediments Works to fix them in priority order 8/10/2011 Agile2011 13
- 35. Predictability
- 37. Responsive to customer needs
- 38. Improved Quality
- 39. Astonishing ResultsFear of learning new skills Current method is not working process/PMO/roadblocks Early successes Departmental Friction Initial excitement Annual budgeting process Agile Champion Fear of losing position or power Team self-organization 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 40. Fear Learning something new is scary Will I be good enough? What is wrong with my way? Role changes are scary Will my job go away? Will I like the new role? Fear can trigger the “fight or flight” instinct Many organizations see an increase in the attrition rate Many organizations adopt “Scrumbut” behavior because resistance is too high in some areas 15 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 41. Provide Support to Manage Fear People need help to work through their fears Help to understand new roles of Scrum Master and Product Owner How to test in agile way An Agile Champion or Agile Coach can help initially 16 Need an internal support system 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 42. User Groups and Conferences Encourage people to continue learning Provide budget for people to attend conferences Require attendees to run “brown bag” learning sessions 17 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 43. Communities of Practice Groups of “like-minded” people get together to help and support each other Scrum Masters Product Owners Testers Architects Managers Share experiences, observe each other, provide feedback, review books, etc. 18 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 44. Internal Agile Coach Acts as the conscience of the organization Facilitates creation of communities of practice Help train new employees Works with executives to help transition to lean and agile thinking 19 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 46. Predictability
- 48. Responsive to customer needs
- 49. Improved Quality
- 50. Astonishing ResultsFear of learning new skills Current method is not working process/PMO/roadblocks Early successes Departmental Friction Initial excitement Annual budgeting process Agile Champion Fear of losing position or power Team self-organization 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 51. Adopt Agility in the Annual Planning Process Organizations need to commit to projects Many managers have pet projects or stealth projects Many people believe in “big, upfront” planning This limits organizational agility 21 Need an agile portfolio management process 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 52. Portfolio Management Process 22 Source: Manage Your Project Portfolio - Johanna Rothman 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 53. Exercise: One-Minute Review Tell your group what you think is important about what you just heard and what implications it has for your company 23 8/10/2011 Agile2011 23
- 54. Summary Use Force Field Analysis to examine forces affecting a change Devise strategies to strengthen driving and weaken restraining Three mechanisms to drive agility include: An impediments handling process An internal coaching or support process An agile portfolio management process 24 8/10/2011 Agile2011
- 55. Questions 25 8/10/2011 Agile2011
Editor's Notes
- Transitioning to agile is hard. It involves learning new techniques, thinking in a different way, and stepping out of your comfort zone. No wonder so many agile transitions revert back to previous ways over time. A change in management or a loss of the agile champion is often a catalyst for this process. This talk describes several mechanisms to help counteract these forces, and how to incorporate them into your organization. Presented through examinations of real-life examples, interactive exercises and open discussions, this talk provides guidance on how to create sustainable agility.Process/MechanicsWhat are the general dynamics of change? 15 min Overview of Satir change model and dynamics involvedWhat are the specific forces resisting agility? 15 min Use of force-field analysis to examine these forces within an organizationWhat is organizational entropy and how can it be avoided? 30 min Open discussion on the decay of organizational systems, conservation of organization energy, and how to combat these.What are the key mechanisms to sustain agility? 30 min Presented as a series of examinations of real-life situtations and how they were addressed, both successfully and unsuccessfully. Also included is my recommendation of the 3 key mechanisms and how to set them up in your organization.Learning outcomesUnderstand the forces that act against a change to agileTechniques to discuss and address them in your organizationHow to install mechanism to maintain agility
- Force field analysis is a tool to examine forces driving a change and forces restraining the changeDefine the change you want to see. Write down the goal or vision of a future desired state. Or you might prefer to understand the present status quo or equilibrium.Brainstorm or Mind Map the Driving Forces - those that are favorable to change. Record these on a force field diagram. Brainstorm or Mind Map the Restraining Forces - those that are unfavorable to, or oppose change. Record these on the force field diagram. Evaluate the Driving and Restraining forces. You can do this by rating each force, from 1 (weak) to 5 (strong), and total each side. Or you can leave the numbers out completely and focus holistically on the impact each has.Review the forces. Decide which of the forces have some flexibility for change or which can be influenced.Strategize! Create a strategy to strengthen the driving forces or weaken the restraining forces, or both. If you've rated each force how can you raise the scores of the Driving Forces or lower the scores of the Restraining Forces, or both?Prioritize action steps. What action steps can you take that will achieve the greatest impact? Identify the resources you will need and decide how to implement the action steps.Hint: Sometimes it's easier to reduce the impact of restraining forces than it is to strengthen driving forces.
- Force field analysis is a tool to examine forces driving a change and forces restraining the changeDefine the change you want to see. Write down the goal or vision of a future desired state. Or you might prefer to understand the present status quo or equilibrium.Brainstorm or Mind Map the Driving Forces - those that are favorable to change. Record these on a force field diagram. Brainstorm or Mind Map the Restraining Forces - those that are unfavorable to, or oppose change. Record these on the force field diagram. Evaluate the Driving and Restraining forces. You can do this by rating each force, from 1 (weak) to 5 (strong), and total each side. Or you can leave the numbers out completely and focus holistically on the impact each has.
- Let's see how this could look in a typical agile transition.It usually starts with the realization that the current method is not working.Then there is resistance from the PMO or those vested in the current way. Roadblocks are either erected or reinforced. Statements like we need these documents, agile is hacking, we need to plan.Some early successes help to fuel the energy but fear of learning new skills, or being exposed start to grow. Remember one of the Scrum values is courage and this is when it starts getting tested.Teams and some business people start getting excited. The annual budgeting process starts to get in the way. Many organization plan a year's worth of projects for the budget and set commitments for the year. This flys in the face of agility so resistance mounts. Also, friction with other departments gets exacerbated, Dev vs. QA, marketing vs. Engineering, facilities may even get annoyed about team moves, stuff on the walls, and lack of conference rooms.Usually a senior person, seeing the benefits, becomes the champion. She works with other to reduce friction and fear, helps remove roadblocks, increases visibility of the successes and maintains positivity. Teams also get addicted to self-organization. This drives more fear, particularly of middle managers who cannot see their role in the new way.
- We get movement toward the goal but the resistance grows so the adoption stalls. Many organizations see a 10% to 30% improvement and are happy.What happens if the champion leaves?The restraining forces can sometime overwhelm the remaining driving forces and the company reverts back to the status quo.Does this sound familiar?
- Get in groups of 5 to 7. Take 15 minutes. How did that go?
- Build in short stretch breaks for the learners to do. Tell them what to do and why it's important for them to do it.Ask learners to stand, then say to them: "By changing your position from sitting to standing, you have just now increased the flow of oxygen to your brain by about 20 percent, which means your brain is suddenly working better. Now stretch your body (arms, legs, torso), and then turn to the person standing next to you and give him/her a short verbal summary of what you've just learned from the lecture so far. Sit when finished."
- Once you have your diagram, you can then look at it and devise strategies to increase the driving forces or reduce the restraining forces. One thing is sure, you cannot just depend on the agile champion to keep it going. Some fundamental changes to organizational processes have to happen so that dependence on an individual is reducedReview the forces. Decide which of the forces have some flexibility for change or which can be influenced.Strategize! Create a strategy to strengthen the driving forces or weaken the restraining forces, or both. If you've rated each force how can you raise the scores of the Driving Forces or lower the scores of the Restraining Forces, or both?Prioritize action steps. What action steps can you take that will achieve the greatest impact? Identify the resources you will need and decide how to implement the action steps.Hint: Sometimes it's easier to reduce the impact of restraining forces than it is to strengthen driving forces.
- Suggested by Ken Schwaber and Mike CohnETCTeam of senior leadersCollects and prioritizes impedimentsCreates an environment where employees can form teams to remove impedimentsICTeams of individual contributors with energy to fix a problem
- Handling fear.
- Handling fear.
- One minute per person, i.e., 5-6 minutes total for the group