1. כנס האיגוד הישראלי של ספרני יהדות
2010 הספרייה הלאומית, 82 אפריל
Judaica Europeana
www.judaica-europeana.eu
Dov Winer
European Association for Jewish Culture
Scientific Manager, Judaica Europeana
2. Judaica Europeana
• Reply to the eContentPlus 2008 call for contributions to EUROPEANA –
The European Digital Library
• 24 months project - 3 million € with 50% contribution of the European
Commission
• Contribution of content on the Europeana theme of CITY:
cities of the future/past - migration and diasporas - trade and industry -
design, shopping and urban cool - the route to urban health - archaeology
and architecture - utopias - riot and disorder - palaces and politics
• Other themes in the Call:
Social life - Music - Crime and Punishment - Travel & tourism
4. Extending the network
The following expressed their interest in
joining Judaica Europeana:
• National Library of Israel, Jerusalem
• Center for Jewish History, New York
• Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam
• Jewish Museum Berlin
• Centropa, Vienna/Budapest
• Galicia Jewish Museum, Krakow
• London Metropolitan Archive
• Aberdeen University Library
• Institute for Jewish Policy Research,
London
Travelling trunk brought by a German refugee
family to England in May 1939, Mädler Koffer,
c.1930, Germany. The Jewish Museum London
5. • Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
6. Europeana ― the vision
“A digital library that is a single,
Europe’s digital libraries,
direct and multilingual access point
archives and museums to the European cultural heritage.”
online European Parliament, 27 September 2007
• A showcase for Europe’s “A unique resource for Europe's
cultural and scientific distributed cultural heritage …
heritage ensuring a common access to
Europe's libraries, archives and
• A flagship project of the museums.”
European Commission and Horst Forster, Director, Digital Content &
the European Parliament. Cognitive Systems Information Society
Directorate, European Commission
9. Europeana the Innovator
Virtual exhibitions
Stories
Colour searching
Personalisation
Multilingual
search
Music bar search
Geographic
Referencing
Collaborative
working
Reuse
Video sampling
10. Europeana the facilitator
Repositories: language, cross walks, thesauri
Tools: Europeana Licensing Framework..........
Policies: Annotations, Public Domain, User Generated
Content..........
15. • Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
17. Milestones
developing Jewish networking infrastructures
•
T
The future of Jewish Heritage in Europe:
an International Conference – Prague 24-27 April 2004
18. Jewish contribution to European cities
Urbanisation and occupational
specialisation has led to the
identification of Jews with
specific streets, neighbourhoods
and other urban phenomena.
The J-Street Project by Susan Heller.
Compton Verney Trust and the DAAD, Berlin,
2005. A book, installation and video produced
with the support of the European Association
for Jewish Culture.
19. Jews and the City
Prof. Steven Zipperstein points to the anti-urban bias of most of the
Jewish historiography and how this began to change at the end of the
20th Century
Zipperstein, S. (1987). Jewish Historiography and the Modern City. Jewish History V2 , pp.77-88
“The Jewish Century” by Yuri Slezkine (2004):
“Modernization is about everyone becoming urban, mobile, literate, articulate,
intellectually intricate, physically fastidious, and occupationally flexible. It is
about learning how to cultivate people and symbols, not fields and herds. It
is about pursuing wealth for the sake of learning, learning for the sake of
wealth, and both wealth and learning for their own sake. It is about
transforming peasants and princes into merchants and priests, replacing
inherited privilege with acquired prestige, and dismantling social estates for
the benefit of individuals, nuclear families, and book-reading tribes (nations).
Modernization, in other words, is about everyone becoming Jewish.”
(Slezkine, 2004).
• Yuri Slezkine, The Jewish Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. For the first chapter
see http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s7819.html
“
20. Jews in European Cities – kinds of content
Known celebrities – full individual expression
Jewish expressions in the
urban landscape
Core of Jewish Life
22. JUDAICA Europeana goals
• Document Jewish expression in Europe. Support content holders in
identifying content that reflect the Jewish impact on European cities
• Digitise and aggregate this content. Synchronize standards, metadata
and vocabularies, with Europeana interoperability requirements
• Deploy knowledge management tools to support communities of
practice index, retrieve and re-use content pertinent to their areas of
interest
• Support employment of content in scholarship; university teaching;
museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and
multimedia; formal and informal education
23. • Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as
hubs of knowledge in the new web
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
24. Digitise, aggregate, metadata & vocabularies
• EUROPEANA will be integral part of the Web of
Knowledge
• Linked Data – the RDF Web, Web as a database
• Building units: URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
in RDF (Resource Description Framework) triplets:
Subject, Predicate, Object
• Vocabularies as Hubs in the Web of Knowledge:
SKOS – Simple Knowledge Organisation System
25. The Web of Data
• “First,
the Web will get better and better at helping us to
manage, integrate, and analyze data.”
• “Today, the Web is quite effective at helping us to publish
and discover documents, but the individual information
elements within those documents ... cannot be handled
directly as data.”
26. The Web of Data
• “Today you can see the data with your browser, but can't
get other computer programs to manipulate or analyze it
without going through a lot of manual effort yourself.”
• “As this problem is solved, we can expect that Web as a
whole to look more like a large database or spreadsheet,
rather than just a set of linked documents.”
27. The Web of Data
Those data can be published in the Web...
...linked with other data in the Web...
...shared between software applications...
The format of such Web database is RDF – Resource
Description Framework
31. The Web of Knowledge
• Publish KOS (Knowledge Organisation Systems) as
linked data in the Web
– Make their concepts and their interconnections part
of the Web of data
• Why?
• How? (SKOS...)
34. KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings)
• Can be viewed as a network of interconnected concepts
• Represent LCSH as data in the Web
– Make those concepts and their interconnections part of
the Web
34 http://purl
.org/net/a
liman
35. SKOS Resource Types (Classes)
• skos:Concept
– E.g. LCSH concept of US Presidents
• skos:ConceptScheme
– E.g. LCSH itself
36. SKOS Link Types (Properties)
• For labeling concepts
– skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel, skos:hiddenLabel
• For documenting concepts
– skos:note, skos:scopeNote, skos:definition,
skos:editorialNote...
• For linking concepts
– skos:broader, skos:narrower, skos:related
37. SKOS Simple Knowledge ORGANIZATION SYSTEM
thesauri, classifications, subjects, taxonomies, folksonomies,…
controlled vocabulary
concepts are documented, linked, merged with other data, composed, integrated
and published on the Web
CONCEPTS identified by URIs using RDF triples
:natural language expressions to refer to
concepts
skos: prefLabel [descriptor]
skos: altLabel [synonims, acronyms, abbreviations]
SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS
…broader and narrower concepts
broader/narrower relationships assert that a concept
is broader/narrower in meaning
related…concepts somehow related
SCHEMES compiled sets of concepts: ConceptScheme class and inScheme
relationship to link a concept to a scheme
hasTopConcept relationship for the entry points of narrower/broader hierarchy
LINK schemes map concepts from different schemes using the properties
exactMatch, broadMatch, narrowMatch and relatedMatch
June 10
dov.winer@gmail.com
39. SKOS APPLICATIONS
I want to send my thesaurus/subject heading/taxonomy from one
database/application to another
I want to publish my thesaurus/taxonomy… in an “electronic” form, so
that it can become part of a distributed information
network/environment
The Web values quality and openness (e.g. Wikipedia)
KOS are high quality resources [both the concepts and the links]
KOS are natural hubs…attractors…high gravity…attract links
act as firm foundation for a Web of data…
Links are paths to discovery (of documents, data,…); they can be
exploited in useful and surprising ways (serendipity); well
established KOS e.g. LCSH (Library of Congress Subject Headings,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings, AAT (Art and Architecture
Thesaurus) can be hubs in the Web of linked data June 10
dov.winer@gmail.com
40. • Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as hubs
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
47. • Europeana
• Judaica Europeana
• Linked Open Data / Vocabularies as
hubs of knowledge in the new web
• Vocabularies for Jewish Content
• Using Jewish Content
48. Employment of Content
• Support employment of content in scholarship; university
teaching; museum curatorship; cultural tourism; plastic arts, music and
multimedia; formal and informal education
• Each partner will:
• Organize at least two virtual exhibitions employing the
digitised resources
• Involve at least two scholars in using Judaica Europeana
knowledge management tools in their scholarship research.
• Involve at least two university level courses in using Judaica
Europeana resources for teaching
• Engage at least three schools in the Unesco project “Scenes
and Sounds of my City”
53. Thank you for your attention!
Contact:
Dov Winer
Judaica Europeana Scientific Manager
EAJC - European Association for Jewish Culture
dov.winer@gmail.com