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Infant bls (instruktor)
- 1. INFANT BLS DR LEE OI WAH PEGAWAI KESIHATAN KAWASAN II PEJABAT KESIHATAN KAWASAN TAWAU 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 2. PAEDIATRIC CHAIN OF SURVIVAL 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 3. • The majority of paediatric cardiorespiratory arrests are mostly caused by respiratory insufficiency but not due to primary cardiac problem. • Ventilation is a very important component of CPR in children. PEDIATRIC CARDIORESPIRATORY ARREST 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 4. ANATOMY OF PEDIATRIC AIRWAY 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE • However, due to anatomical differences between an adult, children and neonate airway, head-tilt- chin lift maneuver and intubation may differ slightly
- 5. AGE GROUP Adult Children Infant After the onset of puberty 1 year to puberty 1 month to 12 months TERMINOLOGY 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 7. CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE D - DANGER R - RESPONSE S - SHOUT A - AIRWAY B - BREATHING C - CIRCULATION
- 10. S: SHOUT FOR HELP Rescuer to get help as quickly as possible. When more than one Rescuer is available, one (or more) starts resuscitation while another goes for assistance. If only one Rescuer is present, undertake resuscitation for about 1 min before going for assistance. 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 11. A: AIRWAY 1. Open airway with head tilt-chin lift. 2. Make sure neck in neutral position (sniffing position) 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 12. B: BREATHING Stress on : 1. Look 2. Listen 3. Feel 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE NOT MORE THAN 10 SEC If the infant is breathing normally: • Turn infant into the recovery position. • Send or go for help – call the relevant emergency number. Only leave if no other way of obtaining help is possible. • Check for continued normal breathing.
- 13. B: BREATHING 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE If the breathing is NOT normal or absent: • Carefully remove any obvious airway obstruction. • Give 5 initial rescue breaths. • While performing the rescue breaths note any gag or cough response to your action. These responses, or their absence, will form part of your assessment of ‘signs of life’ .
- 14. VENTILATION Techniques for : 1. Mouth to mouth 2. Mouth to mask 3. Bag-Valve-Mask 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 15. C : CIRCULATION 1. Assess the circulation (signs of life): 2. Take not more than 10 seconds to: Look for signs of life. These include any movement, coughing, or normal breathing (not abnormal gasps or infrequent, irregular breaths). 3. If you check the pulse, take not more than 10 seconds (brachial or femoral pulse) 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 16. C : CIRCULATION 4. If signs of life present , a. Continue rescue breathing, if necessary, until the infant starts breathing effectively on his own. b. Turn onto his side (into the recovery position) if he starts breathing effectively but remains unconscious. c. Re-assess frequently. 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 17. C : CIRCULATION 4. If no signs of life present , a. Start chest compression 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 18. C : CHEST COMPRESSION The rule of 5 : 1. Location : middle of chest , lower ½ of sternum 2. Depth 4cm (1/3 of chest) 3. Rate : 100-120/min 4. Minimize interruption 5. Allow full chest recoil 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 19. REASSESSMENT Stress on : 1. When to check 2. Where to check 3. What to check 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE 1 CYCLE = 15 COMPRESSIONS : 2 VENTILATION
- 20. TERMINATION OF CPR The rule of 4 : 1. Danger to rescuer 2. Victim/patients acheives ROSC 3. Help arrive 4. Rescuer exhaustion 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 21. INFANT 2-MAN CPR RESCUER 1 At the victim’s side Perform high quality CPR Switch duties with Rescuer 2 every 5 cycles or 2 minutes Each switch must < 5 seconds 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE RESCUER 1 At the victim’s feet Maintain airway Give ventilation Switch duties with Rescuer 2 every 5 cycles or 2 minutes Each switch must < 5 seconds
- 24. DEFIBRILLATION 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE For infants, a manual defibrillator is preferred. The pads should be applied as in adults or in antero- posterior (back – front) position.
- 25. RECOVERY POSITION 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE The important principles to be followed are: Place the infant in as near a true lateral position as possible to enable the drainage of fluid from the mouth. Ensure the position is stable : # A small pillow or a rolled-up blanket may be placed behind infant back to maintain the position. # There should be no pressure on the chest that impairs breathing. # It should be possible to turn the infant onto his side and to return him back easily and safely, taking into consideration the possibility of cervical spine injury. Ensure the airway is accessible and easily observed
- 27. RECOGNITION OF CHOKING Choking is characterized by the sudden onset of respiratory distress associated with: 1. coughing, 2. gagging, or 3. stridor. Suspect choking caused by a foreign body if: 1. The onset is very sudden 2. There are no other signs of illness 3. There are clues to alert the rescuer (e.g. a history of eating or playing with small items immediately prior to the onset of symptoms). 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 30. CONCIOUS CHOKING Technique to deliver back blows and chest thrust (correct body mechanics) 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE
- 31. UNCONCIOUS CHOKING As you open the airway to give ventilations, look in the person’s mouth for any visible object. If you can see it, use a finger sweep motion to remove it. If you don’t see the object, do not perform a blind finger sweep, reposition airway and give 5 rescue breaths. Proceed to chest compression if no response.Continue with cycle of CPR (15:2) until FB expelled or victim regained conciousness. 31/12/2018BLSINSTRUCTORCOURSE