From headstone to homestead - crowdsourcing & heritage in Ireland
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Limerick Genealogy Event Presentation by John Tierney August 2015
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From headstone to homestead - crowdsourcing & heritage in Ireland
- 1. ◦John Tierney Headstones to Homesteads . EACHTRA ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECTSEACHTRA ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECTS JOHN@EACHTRA.IEJOHN@EACHTRA.IE August 2015August 2015
- 2. Outline• Historic Graves – Background – Some Results – How-to • Homesteads – Dept of Foreign Affairs • Emigrant Support Fund – Peter Robinson » Start with Passenger Lists » Step to Church records » Use headstones to link into community » Trace homesteads – Dept of Taoiseach • Local Diaspora Engagement Fund – Community surveys » How to » 1. Recce » 2. Number » 3. Survey photo » 4. Record 2
- 3. 3 WHO ?
- 4. © Eachtra Archaeological Projects
- 11. Count(y) Cork 131 Limerick 105 Tipperary 48 Waterford 32 Laois 208 Offaly 7 Galway 12 Westmeath 4 Dublin 20 Kildare 6 Kilkenny 57
- 14. ‘You treat the dead like the living’
- 15. Dan Collins, stonecutter and monumental sculptor ‘By mistakes you’d often learn’
- 26. 26 HOW ?
- 27. Historic Graveyards tend to have a common geography 1.Church buildings usually have an east-west orientation 2.Headstones usually face east (representing Jerusalem) 3.Reuse of grave plots results in burial rows. 4.In many graveyards the densest concentration of headstones is south of the church. The northern part of the graveyard is usually sparsely occupied. The Geography of an Historic Graveyard south north west east
- 28. Audio recorder Zoom H2 GPS Camera Sony HX20 Lenser P7
- 30. 3030
- 33. A relative location sketch plan - draw the headstones by row. Start at the SW corner
- 34. 1 23 4 Sequence for filling in the record sheet 1 write in graveyard name, county, memorial number, county initials and date 2 draw an outline of the grave memorial 3 write out the epitaph, letter for letter, line for line 4 transfer all names in the epitaph, townland name, dates and ages
- 35. Every Historic Graveyard Survey builds a Graveyard Folder which contains 1.Grave Memorial Register 2.Sketch Plan 3.Thumbnail Contact Sheets (colour) 4.Numerically filed record sheets The Graveyard Folder Register Sketch Plan Contact Sheets Record Sheets
- 39. 39 Summary 1. Community led 2. Simple sketch plans 3. 1 geotagged photograph per headstone 4. Paper archive 5. Publish Immediately – fix as you go
- 41. 41 MOVE FROM HEADSTONE TO HOMESTEAD
- 43. Department of Foreign Affairs Emigrant Support Fund The Peter Robinson Ballyhoura Leader Amanda Slattery Dr Paul McCotter Eachtra
- 45. Peter Robinson Settlers Step 1 – match passenger lists to local records in Ireland Step 2 – use local records to connect to local communities a.historic graveyard surveys and b.Historic homestead identification Step 3 – Combine with the same records in Canada
- 46. O CONNELL, MOVANE RICKARD DIED 16.12.1959 NAN DIED 31.10.1953 DENIS DIED 3.12.1972 DICK DIED 11.5.1989 JOAN DIED 8.8.1991 MAI REIDY DIED 3.1.1995 ERECTED BY Mrs DAVID BOURKE OF APPLETOWN IN MEMORY OF HER BELOVED FATHER RICHARD CONNELL WHO DIED DECEMBER 20TH 1831 ALSO OF HER MUCH BELOVED DAUGH TER CATHERINE BOURKE WHO DIED MAY 31st 1854 REQUESCAT IN PACE AMEN
- 48. 3 Simple Steps to recording historic homesteads 1.Reconaissance 1. Build Sketch Plan 2. Build list of Names 2.Record 1. Geotagged Photographs 3.Publish 1. Shared spreadsheet 2. www.thememorytrail.com
- 49. Department of Taoiseach Local Diaspora Engagement Fund
- 50. ACR Heritage Knockaneowen, Coachford Abbeyleix Heritage Company Heritage House, Abbeyleix Killea Cultural Group Kilduff, Killea, Templemore Ikerrin Heritage Greenville, Killough, Templemore Feenagh/Kilmeedy Heritage Group Callahow, Dromcollogher Clarecastle & Ballyea Heritage & Wildlife Group Clarecastle Tang Muintir Community Council Ltd. Creggy, The Pigeons, Athlone Kilmurry Historical & Archaeological Association Ltd Coolduve, Lissarda West Limerick Heritage St. Marys Rd, Newcastle West Doolin Heritage, Killilagh Church Project Boher Bui Cottage, Doolin Clarinbridge Arts Group Slieveaun, Clarinbridge Kinvara Community Council Heritage Group Kinvara Croagh Community Council Croagh, Rathkeale Glin Historical Society Corcamora, Clarina Kilrush & District Historical Society Moore St, Kilrush Local Diaspora Engagement Fund Historic Homestead Project Sept & Oct 2015
- 57. 1 2 3
- 58. 1 2 3
- 59. 59 1 2 3
- 62. Form N – Enumerators Abstract - use this for each townland/street
- 64. 64 2. Record1. Geotagged photograph +
- 65. House 1, Kielys 52.028881, -7.754933 House 2, Kielys 52.028756, -7.754783 House 3, Murrays 52.028195, -7.753742
- 73. 73
- 74. 74 Conclusions 1. 30 year plan 2. Simple, Practical & Digital 3. linking communities a. within Ireland b. outwith c. what do boundaries mean today? d. telling our own histories If you want to be involved email john@historicgraves.com, follow us on facebook and twitter twitter.com/historicgraves facebook.com/historicgraves
Notas del editor
- Hello, my name is John Tierney - a Cork city man living in County Waterford. Working around Ireland and the UK.
- Field archaeologist with 30 years experience Secretary of our local heritage group in ardmore, waterford formerly secretary of ardmore gaa where i got the equivalent of a phd in rural community development
- Field archaeologists measure, record, publish we have applied these archaeological skills to graveyard surveys. This was an excavation of the ruined remains of a 19th century farmstead in south Galway. After we published the report on this famrstead we received an email from New Zealand...
- In the next townland - two sets of family photographs have been combined and are attached to adjacent homesteads. When you look at a homestead you examine the house, the yard, the piggery but you also step out to the school, the church and the graveyard.
- we attach names to places in the landscape - we are geoloctaing digital heirtage - new paradigm for publication & communication
- that was who we are this is we are what we do Our own resource at www.historcgraves.ie
- Distribution map of the community surveyed graveyards - there are over 700 graveyards online in the system, surveyd and published by over 400 community groups in 3.5 years.
- Laois
- Laois
- Drape a blanket over the top of a headstone and in the resulting shade a flashlamp can be used to decipher even the most difficult epitaphs.
- During the project we had the privilege of listening to Michael O’Reill talk about the practice of undertaking as carried out by his family. ‘You treat the dead like the living’ is what he was taught and Michael ahs been involved in arranging funerals since he was 14.
- Dan Collins is a monumental sculptor from Meelin and a stonecarvers lessons are good lessons for life.
- In the 70s local historian Jimmy Murphy and the parish priest surveyed the graveyard and have traced all/most of the grave plots in the graveyard. This is another high graveyard, similar to Kilcorney and Taur in its altitude. Interestingly stories of the Great Famine still survive in the community. –the blight did not affect potato crops at this height.
- This stone is in Old Kilfinane graveyard - spent many the summer in the church across the road or passed the graveyard on our bikes little thinking we’d get so engrossed - it is Bolster unsigned but probably Joseph. It has his key signatures of very strong technique and unique design.
- Some are simple in shape and very simply inscribed. All such stones are worth examining as we have found faint initials inscribed as well as crosses.
- A beautiful phrase used on a simple sign “sacred to the memory of our beloved dead”.
- Cheaper materials in the early 20th century have meant headstones have become more affordable - these three concrete headstones from Brigown in Mitchelstown are typical - often made from a wooden form which means they are found repeated in the same and adjacent graveyards. We have anecdotal accounts of such headstones being made for neighbours and friends - so social networks may be detectable from gravestones. And the key point is that families who were not previously traceable in graveyards have now become visible.
- After storm in St Nicholas’ 2014
- Ferrybank
- how to survey a graveyard
- Before surveying the graveyard we must first understand the geography of the place. N-S, E-S and the 3ft pace.
- Simply put, we number each grave memorial with masking tape and a marker. We then take one geotagged photo of each memorial in numbered sequence and upload this to the website. Instant publication is highly engaging for our volunteer groups – theys ee immediate results for their work. The geotagged grave memorial photo is then a hook that we can hang other media (audio and video stories) onto. We have become geolocated heritage media content publishers. Local people do the surveys, tell their stories and publish them to the web. As well as hi-tech tools like GPS cameras and audio recorders we depend on simple rolls of masking tape and markers. The tape is used to put a number on the back of each grave memorial. This usually stays on for a week or two and is removed by the community when they are done. If the labels are washed off they are simple to replace. An average graveyard of 150 headstones can be renumbered in less than an hour.
- the whole enterprise relies on a simple role of masking tape which we use to number each grave memorial (average irish rural graveyard has 150 headstones)
- Now I am showing this slide to demonstrate how we read the headstones. I am showing it this time to demonstrate our key technique for reading headstones -we use a single led Lenser P7 torch - aim for 200 lumens or greater than 3 million candle power. Anything less powerful will be a disappointment - so our advice for all graveyard researchers is get the lenser P7 - if gran or grandad has a birthday coming up forget about the jumper or socks- get everybody to box together and buy a P7 lenser.
- Our system is designed to survey a graveyard completely - the average rural graveyard has 100-200 headstones. Each headstone is equally important and all are treated the same. These are the three simple steps
- Sketch plans are done with what Dr Julie Rugg calls working knowledge. Gravediggers and managers view rural graveyards in 3 ft spaces as that is the size of the standard plot. We pace out each graveyard in 3 ft / 1m spaces and draw the relative location of each grave marker. We publish each pencil drawing and occasionally vectorise ina drawing package.
- Blank sketch sheet
- Blank record sheet – phase 1 training confines itself to the front page
- All of the records are compiled into The Graveyard Folder which is kept locally.
- A big team helped to survey Old Dromtarriffe –here everybody is examining one of the headstone newsprint rubbings as it takes place.
- John Brown of Ballanatona His father Phillip Brown )with dates) His mother Johanna Brown )nee Kenny) with dates High status, with dowry – townland and years
- Together building up a geolocated genealogical database. Data first Stories second
- When I showed the family photos from Ardmore I mentioned that we can combine graveyard surveys with homestead surveys - we are following the lead of the community groups in this - many groups are identifying ruined homesteads and researching them as part of their local histories.
- Together building up a geolocated genealogical database. Data first Stories second
- Like the graveyard sketch plan – must fit on one A4 page
- Form N – Enumerators Abstract
- Together building up a geolocated genealogical database. Data first Stories second
- Together building up a geolocated genealogical database. Data first Stories second
- Together building up a geolocated genealogical database. Data first Stories second