Variant Configurition in SAP: Beginners Guide | www.sapdocs.info

https://sites.google.com/site/sapppdocs
Variant Configuration SAP PP Docs wiki
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Variant
Configuration
By: - Devidas Karad

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Created by: - Devidas Karad 1
SAP PP Certified Consultant
E-mail:- devidas.karad@gmail.com

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Contents

*Variant Configuration………………………………………………………………….3

*Master Data for Variant Configuration……………………………………………...4

1. Characteristics……………………………………………………….4
2. Class……………………………………………………………………7
3. Material Master……………………………………………………….9
4. Super BOM……………………………………………………………11
5. Super Routing………………………………………………………..12
6. Configuration Profile………………………………………………..13
7. Object Dependency………………………………………………....15
8. Scenario Testing……………………………………………………..20
9. Variant Price…………………………………………………………..24

*Reference Characteristics……………………………………………………………...32

*Useful Commands/Syntax
Set Default………………………………………………………………………………...40

SPECIFIED ………………………………………………………………………………..44

Allowed Values……………………………………………………………………………48

*Class node…………………………………………………………………………............50

*Material Variants…………………………………………………………………………..57

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Variant Configuration:-
It is a tool which helps to simplify the complex manufacturing of final product with more
varieties and Variation of the input material.
e.g. Automobile manufacturing, Furniture manufacturing.
Your company manufactures or sells products that are available in several different varieties. In
order to reduce your workload and storage costs, and to enable you to maintain every possible end
product variant, you have decided to use the SAP system for variant configuration.
Variant configuration in SAP R/3 lets you check the following as soon as you create a sales
order:
Whether the required variant can be produced (only variants that are technically possible can
be ordered)
What price you can quote for the product
Whether the customer's specifications can be covered from stock
And so on

The following objects make up the knowledge base of a configured material:
-The material master is where the configurable attribute is defined along with some additional
planning and control data.
-Characteristics and values must be created in the classification system and collected in
variant classes (class type 300).
-The configuration profile contains control data for the configuration process and result.
-A super BOM must be created that contains all standard components and all possible variable
components, as well as assemblies that are required to configure a variant product.
-A super task list must be created that includes all operations, sub operations, sequences, and
production resources and tools (PRTs) required to manufacture all possible variants.
-Pricing condition records must be created for pricing the configurable material.
There are five different types of object dependencies which can be used during the
configuration process. Dependencies provide the rules or logic for the configuration process.
Configurable materials are often used in specific industry sectors, such as aerospace and
defence, the automotive industry, make-to-order production, assemble-to-order production, and
the hi-tech industry

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Master Data for Variant Configuration:-

1. Characteristics: - Create characteristics and assign the values to the characteristics.

α. Color:-

β. Engine: - This characteristic we defined as required characteristic.

Tick here toto make it as
Tick here make it as
‘Required’
‘Required’

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enter the characteristic values to the Engine as shown,

χ. Exhaust:-

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

δ. Tyre:-

We want to display the values of the characteristic, go to additional data and do the following;

Tick ‘Display Allowed
Tick ‘Display Allowed
Values’
Values’

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Class:-

In the variant configuration class of class type 300 (Variant) is used

Variant class
Classes of type 300 (or similar) collect and manage the characteristics for specifying a precise
component in the BOM.
Class node
Classes of type 200 (or similar) collect and manage the characteristics for specifying precise
components in the BOM.

Create Class of class type 300 and assign characteristics to the class.

e.g. Super_Bike class created and characteristics are assigned to the class.
Class Super_Bike (300)
Characteristics assigned:-
i. Color
ii. Engine
iii. Exhaust
iv. Tyre

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assign the characteristics to the Variant Class Super_Bike.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Material Master:- Create material type as KMAT or, when you create material of other
material type then in the basic data 2 of material master tick material is configurable.

Assign Class Super_Bike (Variant Class) to the classification view, do not assign values to the
characteristics.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the sales org 2 data enter general item category and item category group as ‘0002’

In the MRP 3 View assign strategy 25

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Bill Of Material (Super BOM):-

The bill of material (BOM) of a configurable material contains all the components that are
required to manufacture the material. The BOM contains components that are only used in
specific variants (variant parts), as well as components that are used in all variants (non-
variable parts).

This is why BOMs for configurable materials are known as super BOMs.

E.g. Super BOM of Super Bike

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Routing (Super Routing):-

A super routing for this material, containing all the operations for producing all variants of the
product.

E.g. Super Routing of Super Bike

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Configuration Profile:-

You define essential settings for materials in the configuration profile. These options are
restricted for other configurable object types.
You select a class type.
You can define settings that affect configuration. You define these settings for each object,
and they apply to the object wherever it is used. However, you can overwrite these settings
with your own settings in the configuration editor.
You can specify an interface design for grouping characteristics together on the value
assignment screen.
You can use the configuration profile to assign dependencies to a configurable object.
Dependency nets can only be assigned to a configuration profile. If you assign actions and
procedures to the configuration profile, you can manage them more easily because they are
all in one place.
For materials, you must also maintain configuration parameters for BOM explosion.
Depending on the configuration parameters you set, other fields in the configuration profile
are hidden or shown.

Go to transaction CU41 and Create Configuration profile for the Super Bike

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Select Planned/Production Order and BOM explosion as None.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Object Dependency:-

Dependencies let you do the following:
Describe the interdependencies between characteristics and characteristic values
Control which components are selected from a bill of material (BOM) and which operations
are selected from a task list
Change the values of fields in BOM items and operations during configuration
You use a special syntax in the dependency editor to define dependencies.
Dependency Types
The SAP System supports the following types of dependencies:
_ Preconditions
_ Selection conditions
_ Actions (obsolete)
_ Procedures
_ Constraints
Global and Local Dependencies
The differences between global and local dependencies are as follows:
Global dependencies are created centrally and can be assigned to several objects.
Local dependencies are created for one object and can only be used with this object.

Different type of dependencies are assigned to the different objects and they have different
functions,

*Functions of Dependencies:-

Precondition:- = Dynamic control of characteristics and values Can a characteristic (value) be
selected in the configuration? It does not have to be selected.
Selection Condition:- = Dynamic control of characteristics . Must a characteristic be selected? It
Controls the selection of BOM components and task list operations .
Procedure (Actions):- Derivation of characteristic value with option of overwriting and successive
calculations (last two points only for procedures).
Constraints:- Value assignment and consistency check in single level And multilevel configuration
Additional reporting options for equations, variant tables, and variant functions.

*Area of Application of dependencies:-

Precondition: - Characteristic, characteristic value
Procedures (Actions):- BOM items, task list objects Configuration profile
(Characteristic, characteristic value)
Selection condition: - Characteristic BOM items Operation, sub operation, sequence, PRT
Constraint: - Configuration profile

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Go to transaction CU01 to create dependency,

We will create dependencies for all the materials of BOM

Enter description, dependency type as Selection Condition and click on dependency editor

Click here
Click here

Type code as below and check, if no error found in syntax release the status and save

Check
Check

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similarly create the dependency for all the characteristics values and assign the dependency to
material in BOM as follows,

Select the material and Go to Extras  Object Dependencies  Assignment or press Control + F1

Assign the required object dependency and Save, assign dependencies for all BOM materials for
which we have created characteristic values same way.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similarly assign the same object dependencies to the super routing

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Scenario Testing:-

Go to CU50 and select the data as given below

Screen will appear like below, click on Result

Click here
Click here

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Following pop up will come because we have defined Engine as ‘Required’ characteristic

Enter the values for all the characteristics and click on Result.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enter BOM application as ‘PP01’ and press continue,

You will see the Super BOM is exploded according to our characteristic values

Click here toto click
Click here click
routing result
routing result

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You will observe that only required operations are displayed from Super routing.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Variant Price:-

-You can create a basic price for a configurable material. However, the price can also depend
on the product features of a specific variant that result from the value assignment process in the
sales order.
-Since the product features of a configurable material are represented by characteristics and
their values, you can define surcharges and discounts that depend on characteristic values.
-You define variant conditions for the surcharges and discounts. Condition types VA00
(absolute amounts) and VA01 (percentage amounts) are defined for variant conditions. You
can create variant conditions with reference to a material, a distribution channel, and a sales
organization. A surcharge or discount is identified by a variant key.
-By assigning variant conditions to characteristic values, or using dependencies, you control
when a surcharge or discount is applied. You define a characteristic with a reference to table
SDCOM, field VKOND, to access the condition table in dependencies.
-If you use dependencies, you use the relevant variant keys to assign values to the reference
characteristic. (Watch out for upper and lower case!)

In VK11 transaction enter condition type PR00 and create condition record with Material with
release status combination.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enter the sales organization, distribution channel, variant material and amount with quantity & save

Again go to VK11 enter VA00 as condition type and enter

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Enter the variants and different prices, in this example we will define engines as variants.

Go to CU50, enter data, and in engines column press F4 and press the cursor on description of
engine and press control + F1 or click on assign variant condition at bottom.

Click here oror press
Click here press
Control + F1F1 to assign
Control + to assign
the variant condition
the variant condition

Enter variant condition in Same case as you mentioned in Variant condition and press Save,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Do this for all engine types.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing: - Create Sales order for variant material

After pressing enter you will be asked for to enter values, assign values there

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Go to conditions, you will observed that variant condition (VA00) for the given engine type is
displayed along with PR00 condition, save the order.

In MD04 screen you will see the sales order number with required quantity

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After running MRP for the sales order, you will get planned order,

Click here toto display
Click here display
planned order
planned order

Click toto see
Click see
components
components

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The components required to manufacture the required combination only are displayed,

When you convert planned order to production order you will see,

Sales order reference
Sales order reference

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the component overview of the order you will see only required components from Super BOM

In the operation overview you will see only required operations from Super routing.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Characteristic:-

Reference characteristics are characteristics that refer to table fields. You need reference
characteristics in configuration if you want to refer to the values of table fields in object
dependencies.
Essential data (such as format and length) is copied from the table field in the repository to the
characteristic.
Reference characteristics can fulfil two functions:
Read-only access to table fields in conditions
Changes to field contents with object dependencies
You create reference characteristics using the Additional data screen in characteristics
maintenance. Enter the table field to which you want the characteristic to refer. If you want to
refer to a table field in several tables, you can enter several tables. However, the format of the
field must be the same in all tables.

Example:- 1. Create reference characteristic T_QUANT_00 and go to additional data tab and assign

Table-STPO, Field-MENGE and press enter, ABAP dictionary gets copied

Table STPO is for BOM components and field MENGE is for Quantity

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We have material 30003313 in BOM with quantity as ‘2’, and we want for certain item it should be
automatically change to ‘1’

For that select the component 30003313 and go to Extras ODEditor to create object
dependency locally.

Type the code below, the code is indicate that if the tyre selected as MRF then the material
30003313 is selected with quantity ‘1’

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing: - Select all the characteristics and for tyre select ‘01’ MRF tyres and click on result

In the result you will observe that component 30003313 is selected with quantity ‘1’

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When you click on ‘i’ icon you will see the information of the result in detail.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Example 2. Similarly we want to change the standard value for one of operation in the routing.

Create characteristic T_VGW03_00 and enter PLPO and VGW03 in additional data screen and save.

Create dependency either centrally through CU01 or by directly in routing,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Write the code as follows, the code indicate that if Color is selected 01 (Red) then standard value
(Labor Time) of selected operation will become 30

In routing select operation 0020 and go to shown path or press Control + F1 and assign the
dependency that we have created earlier.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now see, Labor time for operation 0020 is 60 min.

Now go to CU50 and choose Color of Bike as Red and check the result,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In the result of routing when you click on ‘i’ icon system will show the desired result as shown below,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Useful Commands/Syntax:-

SET DEFAULTS

Depending on the package version required, the engine, color, and other Bike properties are
proposed to the customer. The default values only make sense in this combination. If one value is
changed manually, the other default values are deleted.

Example:- We want if particular color is selected then system shows show the exhaust and engine

For that, first create dependency in CU01

Select Procedure and go to editor

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Write the code as given, the code suggests that if color ‘03’ (Black) is selected then system should
show engine as ‘03’ (1800 CC) and exhaust as ‘01’ (Type 1), check syntax, release and save.

Go to the configuration profile in CU42 and chose dependency assignment,

Click here
Click here

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assign the dependency which we have created and save,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing:-

Now choose color as ’03’ (Black) and enter

System will give engine as 1800 CC and Exhaust Type 1 by default, you can overwrite if you want.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SPECIFIED

Example: - Create a new dependency that ensures that this operation is selected only if a
value is set for Color during configuration

Create dependency with selection condition as type and go to editor,

Assign it to operation 0110, code indicate that if value of color entered then only operation 0110 is
selected

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing:-

Now go to CU50 and assign values to the all characteristics except color & display result for routing

You will see operations 0010, 0070 and 0100 in the result

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Now again go to CU50 and enter values to all the characteristics and display result for routing,

You will see that operation 0110 is selected.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Allowed Values

In this you mention that if particular characteristic value is selected then other characteristics show
only allowed value and hide the unwanted value.

Example: - We want that if Engine ‘02’ (1500 CC) is selected then color ‘02’ and ‘03’ displayed

In the CT04 go to select ‘02’ value and double click OD box and write the dependency code for
precondition as below,

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing:- Select ‘01’ (Red) color and F4 for engine values, system will show only 1200 CC
and 1800 CC

Now select ‘02’ (Blue) color and F4 for engine values, you will see all engines

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class Node in Variant Configuration:-

Class node means the class (200), which is assigned to the variant class (300)

How Classes can be used in BOM
As we all know, Super BOMs are used in Variant Configuration, which contain all the components
that are required to manufacture the material.
There is one more option available in SAP to use Classes as BOM Items (Components), not very
commonly used
You can use class items to control the selection of variant parts in a BOM, Here it works same as
selection condition do
in case of Super BOM.
Variant parts are classified in a class, and this class which is entered in the BOM as a class item.
When you configure Material, the class is replaced by a suitable variant part.
Class items can help you to simplify maintenance of BOMs for configurable materials.

You only enter one item for the class, instead of several items for the individual variant parts.

You do not need to create and assign selection conditions.

You can classify additional objects in the class at any time, without having to change the BOM.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Example:-

Create characteristics in CT04

1. Head_Lamp

2. Leather_Seat

Characteristic Values


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Create a Class of Class Type 200 and assign these characteristics to the class.

In the additional data tab enter the data as below,

Select Allowed inin
Select Allowed
BOMs
BOMs

Enter resulting unit ofof
Enter resulting unit
measure and item category
measure and item category

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Create materials and assign the class with different characteristics combination.

Create materials as follows and assign class of class type 200 with Characteristics combination

Material Characteristics Combination
30003314 Black Seat, LED
30003315 Black Seat, Non LED
30003316 Gray Seat, LED
30003317 Gray Seat, Non LED
30003318 Off White Seat, LED
30003319 Off White Seat, Non LED

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You can display the Class and assigned objects in CL30N transaction

Assign two characteristics to the Variant Class (300)

Head_Lamp and
Head_Lamp and
Leather_Seat assigned toto
Leather_Seat assigned
Class type 300
Class type 300

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Add the class item in BOM

Class item
Class item

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing:- Go to CU50 transaction

Combination LED
Combination LED
with Gray Leather
with Gray Leather
seat selected
seat selected

The result of the configuration is as follows,

Material with
Material with
characteristics Gray
characteristics Gray
leather seat and LED lamp
leather seat and LED lamp
get selected
get selected

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Material Variant:-

Definition:-
A material that is kept in stock and that is a specific configuration of a configurable material.

Purpose:-
If specific configurations of a configurable material occur frequently, it is useful to create
separate materials and keep these specific configurations in stock. Uses are as follows;

- Planning
- Pre-assembly
- Sales order - delivery date determination
- Covering sales orders from stock
- Type matching

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Example: - Create FERT material; in MRP3 view add the Configurable material

Enter material and click
Enter material and click
configure variant
configure variant

Assign the values to the characteristics.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BOM Linking:-

Link the material to the BOM, Go to transaction CS40

Save the link.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Linking (Assignment):-

Go to CA02 transaction, enter the variant material and go to header and in material assignment
screen give the same counter name and enter material and plant and save.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Scenario Testing:-

Create Sales order with the variant material (20000451) with the same configuration of material
variant

Same characteristics values
Same characteristics values
assigned asas assigned to
assigned assigned to
material variant
material variant

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
When you proceed further after assigning values you will see a popup

Select the material and
Select the material and
press continue
press continue

You will see change in material, and the same material and its components and operations will
appear in planned and production order.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Variant Configurition in SAP: Beginners Guide | www.sapdocs.info

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (20)

Destacado

Destacado (20)

Similar a Variant Configurition in SAP: Beginners Guide | www.sapdocs.info

Similar a Variant Configurition in SAP: Beginners Guide | www.sapdocs.info (20)

Más de sapdocs. info

Más de sapdocs. info (11)

Último

Último (20)

Variant Configurition in SAP: Beginners Guide | www.sapdocs.info