2. I nternational C hristian U niversity Tokyo, Japan Liberal Arts College About 3,000 students from 40 countries 158 full-time faculty Accredited by MOE (Japan) and the American Academy for Liberal Education (AALE, USA) Blended learning

7. 1. Technology development Why ICT integration in DE? Source - http://www.weboma.com/internetic-world-in-the-year-2015/

8. 1. Technology development Why ICT integration in DE? Source - http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

10. 1. Technology development Why ICT integration in DE? Source - http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/ict/index.html

13. 4. Changes in learning paradigm Why ICT integration in DE? Formal Schooling Lifelong Learning Society Fact/Information/ Answers Knowledge/Wisdom/ Solutions Teacher-centered Learner-centered ICT adoption ; E-learning development Singapore: Thinking School, Learning Nation Korea: Edutopia Germany: Lifelong education for everyone

14. 3) Ubiquitous access 2) Quality improvement 1) Pedagogical innovation 4) High market value Promises

15. 1) Pedagogical innovation From teacher-centered to learner-centered “ A truly learner-centered approach to education will be realized.” “The teacher will facilitate learning. ” Social constructivistic learning environment “ Learning would be engaged in authentic tasks or real world problem solving situations.” “New knowledge will be constructed collaboratively.” Global learning community building “ Learning communities will be formed to create knowledge.” Full of multimedia resources (Bates, 1995; 2005; Harasim, 1993; Khan, 1997; Zemsky & Massy, 2004)

16. Improved teaching quality “ Application of learner-centered instructional design; best teaching practices” “ Better adaptation to individual needs.” “ Better management of learning processes.” Improved learning effectiveness “ Communication will be improved.” “ Students will be more actively engaged in learning.” “ Higher level skills will be acquired.” Improved support “ 24/7, individualized support.” “ Added values - ICT skill improvement, collaboration, efficiency….” 2) Quality improvement

17. Ubiquitous access “ People would be able to learn anywhere, any time.” Expanded learning opportunities “ There will be a boom in adult education.” “ Lifelong society will be realized.” Bridging the Gap “ Quality education will be delivered to remote areas, underdeveloped regions” “ ICT can lessen the gender gap in education.” “ E-learning will bring about educational equity.” 3) Ubiquitous access

18. Improved cost-efficiency “ It is a cost-efficient approach to education.” “ Economies of scale will be achieved.” Revenue-generating; profit-making potentials “ E-learning market opportunity will grow drastically.” “ It would generate revenue for an organization.” “ There is a global market for e-learning.” 4) High market value

28. Realities – High market value Success stories 1) University of Pheonix Online Campus 2) University of Maryland University College 3) Canada’s Athabasca Univ. Online MBA 4) Online testing services (SAT; TOEFL) 5) Online cram schools (Megastudy, Korea) 6) Some MBA programs --- Owe more to past market success/brand image than to ICT integration Zemsky & Massy, 2004; Latchem & Jung, 2009

29. Realities – High market value Underperformed/failed 1) Fathom and NYU online gone 2) UK e-University failed 3) Not enough students in most programs --- Some generating revenue; but not making profit Garrett, 2004; Zemsky & Massy, 2004

31. Over a decade experience - Learned from successes and failures - Now….

32. Cataloguing lessons learned (cases, empirical research) Starting small and strategically Diversifying partnerships Blended approaches M-learning Quality assurance and accreditation Recent breakthroughs

48. Three guiding stars for integrating ICT and QA system in ODEL to supporting ubiquitous access Conclusions

49. #1. QA as an essential tool QA as an essential tool for educational development and ubiquitous access to ODEL There should be no distinction between QA in ODEL and conventional education , but there should be specific guidelines, criteria and methods for judging the various modes of delivery. The national level QA for ODEL/ICT use should be as strong as (not softer than) that of higher education. There should be a ‘culture of quality’ that is shared willingly by all managers and staff, links internal and external accountability, builds capacities in QA and involves open, transparent management and communication.

50. #2. Promoting research Research is essential for improving understanding and practice, assuring and improving quality, informing and influencing policy-making and ensuring that ODEL is recognized as scholarly activity in its own right.

51. #3. Changes in practice ODEL environments need to be conceived such that the technology does not simply provide an information repository but serves as a platform for student-centered, teacher-facilitated and collaborative knowledge building . The instructional design (ID) needs to fully exploit the potential of ICT. There is also need for ID models for constructivistic learning environment design.

52. Thank you!