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History of Ireland
From jorgeroden, 2 months ago
Short speech about Irish History
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Slideshow transcript
Slide 1: Republic of Ireland History ˜ Jorge Munoz Rodenas Press CTRL+L History
of Republic of Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 1/11
Slide 2: Index History of Eire 1. Early history 2. Early Christian Ireland 3. Early
medieval 4. Norman Ireland 5. Early Modern 1536–1691 6. Ireland 1691–1801 7.
Ireland 1801–1922 8. History of the Republic 9. Ireland today History of Republic of
Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 2/11
Slide 3: 1. Early history The earliest evidence of human occupation after the retreat of
the ice has been dated to between 8000 and 7000 BC. The Neolithic (4500-2500 BC)
saw the introduction of farming and pottery, and the use of more advanced stone
implements and the sudden appearance and dramatic proliferation of megalithic
monuments. Bronze (2500 BC - 700 BC) was used for the manufacture of both
weapons and tools. Irish craftsmen became particularly noted for the horn-shaped
trumpet, which was made by the lost wax process. In Ireland the Iron Age was the age
of a peo- ple often referred to as Celts. History of Republic of Ireland November 28,
2007 – p. 3/11
Slide 4: 2. Early Christian Ireland 400–800 In AD 432, St. Patrick arrived on the
island and, in the years that followed, worked to convert the Irish to Christianity.
Patrick is traditionally credited with preserving the tribal and social patterns of the
Irish, codifying their laws and changing only those that conflicted with Christian
practices. He is also credited with introducing the Roman alphabet, which enabled
Irish monks to preserve parts of the extensive Celtic oral literature. History of
Republic of Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 4/11
6. Slide 5: 3. Early medieval era 800–1166 The first recorded Viking raid in Irish history
occurred in 795 when Vikings from Norway looted the island of Lambay, located off
the Dublin coast. Early Viking raids were generally small in scale and quick. These
early raids interrupted the golden age of Christian Irish culture starting the beginning
of two hundred years of intermittent warfare, with waves of Viking raiders plundering
monasteries and towns throughout Ireland. Most of the early raiders came from the
fjords of western Norway. History of Republic of Ireland November 28, 2007 – p.
5/11
Slide 6: 4. The arrival of the Normans 1167–1185 By the 12th century, Ireland was
divided politically into a shifting hierarchy of petty kingdoms and over-kingdoms.
They fight each other for supremacy. The King of one of the kindoms was forcibly
exiled and used normans to recover his power. This caused consternation to King
Henry II of England, who feared the establishment of a rival Norman state in Ireland.
Henry landed with a large fleet at Waterford in 1171, becoming the first King of
England to set foot on Irish soil. History of Republic of Ireland November 28, 2007 –
p. 6/11
Slide 7: 5. Early Modern Ireland 1536–1691 It was during this period that Ireland
was, for the first time, fully conquered by England and colonised with Protestant
settlers from England and Scotland. This established two central themes in future Irish
history - subordination of the country to London based governments and sectarian
animosity between Catholics and Protestants. The fifty years from 1641 to 1691 saw
two periods of civil war, which pitted Irish Catholics against British forces and
Protestant settlers, ended in the almost complete dispossession of the Catholic landed
elite. History of Republic of Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 7/11
Slide 8: 6. Ireland 1691–1801 During this time, Ireland was an autonomous Kingdom
with its own Parliament, but the vast majority of its population, Roman Catholics,
largely descended from the native Irish, were excluded from power and land
ownership under the Penal Laws. The period begins with the defeat of the Catholic
(Jacobites) in the Williamite war in Ireland in 1691 and ends with the Act of Union,
which formally annexed Ireland to the United Kingdom in 1801. History of Republic
of Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 8/11
Slide 9: 7. Ireland 1801–1922 The whole island of Ireland formed a constituent part
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK). For almost all of this
period, Ireland was ruled directly by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in
London. Ireland faced considerable economic difficulties in the 19th century,
including the Great Famine of the 1840s. In 1922, following the War of
Independence, twenty-six southern and western counties of Ireland seceded from the
United Kingdom as the Irish Free State. Six counties in the northeast, which became
Northern Ireland, remained within the United Kingdom. History of Republic of
Ireland November 28, 2007 – p. 9/11
Slide 10: 8. The Republic Anglo-Irish Treaty: The state known today as the Republic
of Ireland came into being when twenty-six of the counties of Ireland seceded from
the United Kingdom (UK) in 1922. The remaining six counties remained within the
UK as Northern Ireland. Irish Civil War 1922-1923 : Was a conflict between
supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. IRA terrorism actions will