1) Caesar Augustus was the first emperor of Rome from 27 B.C.E. until his death in 14 B.C.E. He restored republican origins while expanding the empire through conquests and reforming the taxation and infrastructure systems. 2) Confucius lived in China in the 6th century B.C.E. and focused on human relationships and ethics in government, though he never attained a political position. He emphasized education and moral betterment. 3) Daoism originated with Laozi and urged withdrawing from politics to align with nature, advocating simple, self-sufficient communities with limited government intervention.

1. Midterm Presentation Elisabeth Carter