1. Progressions

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
We use the Present Continuous to talk about actions
that are happening at the moment of speaking.
STRUCTURE
Subject Pronoun + Verb to be (am/are/is) + Verb (-ing)
I am working
You are working
He is working
She is working
We are working
They are working

3. EXAMPLES
She is dancing.

4. The monkey is eating bananas.

5. They are playing soccer.

6. She is watching TV.

7. They are fighting.

8. PRESENT CONTINUOUS – Rules
Verbs ended by E, we drop E and add –ING:
MAKE = making
TAKE = taking
LEAVE = leaving
Verbs ended by consonant + vowel + consonant (CVC),
we double the last letter:
RUN = running
CUT = cutting
PUT = putting

9. But, when the last syllable is stressed, we also double the
letter:
STOP = stopping
BEGIN = beginning
SWIM = swimming
Verbs ended by IE, we change it to Y:
LIE = lying
DIE = dying
TIE = tying

10. Verbs ended by W, X and Y, we do not double the last
consonant:
FIX = fixing
STUDY = studying
LOW (literary) = lowing
Do you understand it?

11. TIME TO PRACTICE!
What are you doing now?
I’m studying English now.
What is he doing?
He is fixing the car.

12. What is she doing?
She is singing.
What are they doing?
They’re riding horses.

13. What is he doing?
He’s playing basketball.
What is she doing?
She is playing the guitar.

14. PROGRESSION 2
Verbs & Expressions followed by Infinitive or Gerund
Some verbs in English can be either followed by another verb +
Infinitive or + Gerund (-ing).
Examples:
I have to stop smoking. (gerund)
I need to study for a test. (infinitive)
It also happens to some expressions such as:
GIVE UP = She gave up studying German.
FEEL LIKE = I feel like dancing all night long.
CAN’T STAND = I can’t stand listening to jazz.
CAN’T HELP = Peter can’t help hitting on girls.

15. ENJOY = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Gerund = Jennifer enjoys staying home on weekends.
WANT = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Infinitive = They want to stay up all night.
QUIT = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Gerund = He needs to quit smoking.

16. MIND = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Gerund = Kathie doesn’t mind working on Sundays.
HAVE = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Infinitive = They have to go home now.
FINISH = Is it followed by Infinitive or Gerund?
Gerund = I have to finish reading the book.

17. PAY ATTENTION!
Some verbs can be both followed by Infinitive or Gerund.
LOVE
I love to go shopping.
I love going shopping.
LIKE
I like to dance.
I like dancing.
HATE
We hate to study math.
We hate studying math.
START
They will start to practice now.
They will start practicing now.
BEGIN
She always begins to cry when he comes to class.
She always begins crying when he comes to class.

18. REMEMBER >> Examples of verbs followed by:
INFINITIVE GERUND BOTH
(Infinitive/Gerund)
WANT ENJOY
NEED STOP / QUIT LOVE
HAVE FINISH LIKE
PRETEND MIND HATE
OFFER CAN’T STAND BEGIN
etc... GIVE UP START
FEEL LIKE
etc...

19. TIME TO PRACTICE!
Choose the correct option:
• Marie and Peter love ... ( to go / going) to the mall. BOTH
• He is going to stop ... ( to drink / drinking ) too much beer.
• They hate ... ( to play / playing ) cards. BOTH
• We enjoy ... ( to listen to / listening to ) classical music.
• Gabriel needs ... ( to study / studying ) more.
• Sheila isn’t going to give up ... ( to study / studying ) English.
• I don’t mind ... ( to stay / staying ) here waiting for you.
• He has ... ( to pay attention / paying attention ) to that sign.

20. PROGRESSION 3
Agreeing and Disagreeing with Likes and Deslikes
Sharon: I love ice cream.
Jennifer: So do I. (agreeing)
Shirley: I enjoy going shopping.
Ashley: Me too. (agreeing)
or
I do, too.

21. A: I don’t like pizza.
B: Neither do I.
(agreeing)
A: I don’t like to eat eggs.
B: I don’t, either.
(agreeing)

22. OTHER EXAMPLES
A: I can’t stand listening to jazz.
B: But I can. (disagreeing)
A: Alicia is very sad today.
B: But I’m not. (disagreeing)

23. PAY ATTENTION TO THE VERBAL TENSE!
A: Jefferson is going to eat an apple.
B: So am I.
I
A: She can’t drive a car.
B: Neither can I.
I can’t, either.
can’t

24. Alice: Gosh! Your brother spends hours in
front of the computer.
Beatrice: Yeah, I know...and so does my father.

25. Damian: I enjoy watching cartoons on TV.
Jess: But I don’t.
don’t

26. PROGRESSION 4
Describing what people are wearing

27. T-SHIRT SHIRT DRESS SKIRT
SHORTS PANTS JEANS BLOUSE

28. TRACK SUIT SLACKS CROP PANTS PANTYHOSE
TIE BELT HAT CAP

29. SWEATER COAT JACKET VEST
TURTLENECK SWEATSHIRT SUIT TUX / TUXEDO

30. SOCKS GLOVES MITTENS BRA
UNDERWEAR
NIGHTGOWN PAJAMAS

31. SNEAKERS BOOTS HIGH HEEL SHOES
SHOES SANDALS FLIP FLOPS

32. LET’S REVIEW SOME COLORS IN ENGLISH!
RED YELLOW GREEN BLUE
ORANGE PURPLE PINK GRAY
BROWN BLACK WHITE BEIGE

33. DESCRIBING WHAT PEOPLE ARE WEARING
This is Shaggy.
He is wearing a green t-shirt, brown pants and black shoes.

34. This is Marge Simpson.
She is wearing a green dress and red shoes.

35. This is Ben 10.
He is wearing a black and white t-shirt, green pants
and black and white sneakers.

36. This is Cebolinha.
He is wearing a yellow t-shirt, a green jacket, jeans and red
sneakers.

37. TIME TO PRACTICE!
What is he wearing?

38. What is she wearing?

39. What is he wearing?

40. What is she wearing?

41. What is he wearing?

42. What is she wearing?

43. What is he wearing?

44. And you?
What are you wearing today?

45. LOOK AT THE PICTURE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
Who is wearing black shorts?
Who is wearing a blue dress?
Who is wearing a yellow shirt?
Who is wearing a pink dress?
Who is wearing a blue tie?
Who is wearing a gray t-shirt?

46. PROGRESSION 5
Talking about Preferences
Sarah: Which car am I going to buy: a Mercedes or a BMW?
Peter: I don’t know. You choose.
Sarah: I guess I’m buying a BMW.

47. A: Which color do you prefer: purple, yellow or green?
B: I prefer green.

48. GRAMMAR NOTES
WHICH is used with or without a noun.
We use it to ask about things or people
when there is a restricted choice.
Which jacket is mine: the red one or the blue one?
Which party do you want to go: Peter’s or Ann’s?
Which language do you want to learn:
Chinese or Italian?

49. TIME TO PRACTICE!
Which of your parents do you feel closer to: your father or your mother?
Which kind of movie do you prefer: comedies or thrillers?
Which color do you like most: black or red?
Which is your favorite singer: Mariah Carey or Britney Spears?
Which holiday is your favorite: Valentine’s Day or Christmas?

50. Fonte: Material Skill