Multicast routing configuration and lab example in MikroTik
video multicast routing 1 router
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqUlUIB93Mg
video multicast routing 2 router over wireless
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYEocGYsGZ4
Konfig VLC sebagai stream server multicast
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1lthcBSSrM
Konfig VLC sebagai player
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2uTs8NRQpY
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MikroTik Multicast Routing [www.imxpert.co]
1. MikroTik IPv4 Multicast Routing
for
Video Streaming Application
Training for Trainers – Venice 2014
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
2. Update : Video Demo
- multicast routing 1 router
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nqUlUIB93Mg
- video multicast routing 2 router over wireless
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYEocGYsGZ4
- VLC as multicast stream server
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1lthcBSSrM
- VLC as multicast player
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s2uTs8NRQpY
3. About me :
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Introduction
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
5. Company A is an ISP that want to expand their
services to deliver Video Broadcast in existing
MikroTik IP Networks.
To conserve bandwidth that flow on the
network, you as a consultant recommended
them to choose Multicast as tehcnique to
deliver the traffic.
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Situation
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
6. IP Multicast is a technology that allows one-to-many and many-
to-many distribution of data on the Internet.
Senders send their data to a multicast IP destination address,
and receives express an interest in receiving traffic destined for
such an address. The network then figures out how to get the
data from senders to receivers.
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Why Multicast?
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
8. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
PROTOCOL INDEPENDENT MULTICAST
Protocol-Independent Multicast (PIM) is a family of multicast routing
protocols for Internet Protocol (IP) networks that provide one-to-many and many-to-
many distribution of data over a LAN, WAN or the Internet. It is termed protocol-
independent because PIM does not include its own topology discovery mechanism,
but instead uses routing information supplied by other routing protocols.
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
9. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
There are four variants of PIM:
• PIM Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) explicitly builds unidirectional shared trees rooted at
a rendezvous point (RP) per group, and optionally creates shortest-path trees per source.
PIM-SM generally scales fairly well for wide-area usage.
• PIM Dense Mode (PIM-DM) uses dense multicast routing. It implicitly builds shortest-path
trees by flooding multicast traffic domain wide, and then pruning back branches of the tree
where no receivers are present. PIM-DM is straightforward to implement but generally has
poor scaling properties. The first multicast routing protocol, DVMRP used dense-mode
multicast routing.
• Bidirectional PIM explicitly builds shared bi-directional trees. It never builds a shortest path
tree, so may have longer end-to-end delays than PIM-SM, but scales well because it needs no
source-specific state
• PIM Source-Specific Multicast (PIM-SSM) builds trees that are rooted in just one source,
offering a more secure and scalable model for a limited amount of applications (mostly
broadcasting of content).
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
10. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Multicast Addressing
For IPv4, 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.
Addresses within 232.0.0.0/8 are reserved for SSM usage.
Addresses in 239.0.0.0/8 are ASM (Any-source Multicast) addresses defined for varying sizes of limited scope.
Addresses within 224.0.0.0/24 are considered link-local and are forwarded between subnets.
IANA addressing for multicast :
• 224.0.0.1 - All systems on the subnet
• 224.0.0.2 - All routers on the subnet
• 224.0.0.9 - For RIPv2
• 224.0.0.14 - For VRRP
• 224.0.1.1 - Network time protocol (NTP)
• The internet assigned numbers authority (IANA) allocates ethernet addresses from 01:00:5E:00:00:00
through 01:00:5E:7F:FF:FF for multicasting, therefore leaving only 23 bits available for the multicast group
ID.
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
11. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
IGMP Proxy
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) proxy can be used to implement multicast routing. It is
forwarding IGMP frames and commonly is used when there is no need for more advanced protocol like PIM.
IGMP proxy features:
• The simplest way how to do multicast routing;
• Can be used in topologies where PIM-SM is not suitable for some reason;
• Takes slightly less resources than PIM-SM;
• Ease of configuration.
• On the other hand, IGMP proxy is not well suited for complicated multicast routing setups. Compared to
PIM based solutions, IGMP proxy does not support more than one upstream interface and routing loops
are not detected or avoided.
• MikroTik RouterOS IGMP proxy supports IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236).
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
12. #1: Enable Multicast on RouterOS
Multicast package is not installed by
default
Step to install multicast :
1. Go to
www.mikrotik.com/download
2. Choose your RouterOS
architecture
3. Download the All Packages (zip
file)
4. Extract it and copy multicast.npk to
RouterOS File
Use only multicast packages with same
version with your existing routeros
Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task : Lab 1| Conclusion
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
13. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task : Lab 1 | Conclusion
#2 : Copy multicast package to File List
Use multicast package with the same version check
using /system resources. Then reboot your router to
finished packages installation
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
14. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task : Lab 1| Conclusion
#3: Multicast Installed
IGMP Proxy and PIM wil appear in Routing Menu
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
17. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
PIM Status
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com
18. Introduction | Multicast Concept | Configuration Example | Lab Task | Conclusion
Rendevous Point
Rendezvous point (RP) is a distribution point for multicast group, source provides its data to it, and if there are
any subscribers, then RP will provide data to client. Note, that RP will always receive data stream if that exists.
MRIB routes are used for reverse path forwarding check. In a way, they perform opposite function that FIB
(Forwarding Information Base) routes: FIB is used to find the right By default, MRIB is populated by FIB routes.
Use "multicast" routing filter chain to control that or set specific parameters for imported FIB routes (e.g. you
can change the distance of the route). In addition, you can specify static MRIB routes.
This is useful only if you are using multihoming and multicast packet flow will be different from unicast packet
flow.
Active MRIB entries that are imported from FIB are shown with "dynamic" flag.
MRIB
Faisal Reza. 2014 | reza@astainformatics.com