New Monthly Enterprises Survey. Issue 21. (01.2024) Ukrainian Business in War...
Session 2 omer zafar
1. IFAD’s Investments for Food Security
in the Arab World
Omer Zafar
Near East, North Africa and Europe Division
International Fund for Agricultural Development
Food Secure Arab World – A Roadmap for Policy & Research
Beirut, 6-7 February 2012
2. Cereals demand and supply in Arab Countries
Cereal demand and supply in Arab countries (2000 – 2030)
4. Natural resource management - water
Water scarcity
75% decline in per capita renewable
water resources since 1950
projected further 40% decline in
water resources by 2050
IFAD’s investments
Improved Water Management
Local
Appropriate Water
Institutions
Technologies Infrastructure
(WUAs)
5. Natural resource management - water
IFAD investments include:
soil and water conservation
rainwater harvesting
alternative water resources
distribution systems
on-farm water use efficiency
livestock water points
6. Natural resource management - land
Syria: investing in land reclamation through de-rocking
total area reclaimed is more than
700,000 hectares, or 12% of total
cultivable area
IFAD investments contributed to de-
rocking 180,000 hectares
directly benefitting 70,000 households,
doubling arable land in targeted areas
7. Natural resource management - rangelands
Status: rangelands are at risk of degradation, with economic losses
IFAD investments include:
deferred grazing veterinary services linking pastoralists’
institutions with
shrub plantation genetics improved
services and
reseeding water availability markets
Resource Resource Institutional
Conservation Management Support
8. Increasing agricultural productivity
Status
cereals yields are 50% of world average
cereals productivity growth is declining
horticulture productivity growth is
relatively good
10. Promoting rural finance
support access to a variety of financial services
promote a range of financial institutions and modalities
support demand-driven and innovative approaches
encourage market-based approaches
focus on sustainability and poverty outreach
promote an enabling environment for rural finance
12. Promoting rural finance:
Sanadiq in Syria
Achievements
76 sanadiq created, with 13,500 members (45% women)
22,000 loans disbursed, amounting to USD 17 million
loans are short-term with maximum one year duration
investments in agriculture, livestock, off-farm micro-businesses
Way Forward
legalisation of sanduq as financial institution
creation of Apex institution for financial and other services
linkages for refinancing from financial institutions
innovative forms of capitalisation
14. Promoting rural finance:
Refinancing
Refinancing helps financial institutions to:
increase rural outreach and attract new clients
adapt financial products to rural demand
invest own funds and leverage additional funds
introduce innovative collateral requirements (e.g forward contracts)
Way Forward
diversify financial instruments (micro-leasing, equity financing)
technical assistance to mobilise deposits and savings (exit strategy)
15. Promoting rural finance:
Equity financing
temporary strategic investments in rural enterprises (often family-owned
or cooperative) with market demand, growth potential and job creation;
combined with non-financial advisory services (managerial, technical,
market access);
the foundation is the value chain approach (agriculture, fisheries,
livestock, off-farm and non-farm sectors)
economic benefits for the rural poor through backwards linkages with
producers, job creation for unemployed and under-employed, and rural
economic multiplier effects
16. Creating economic opportunities - investments
Market driven investments to promote economic opportunities and create jobs
selected value chains with comparative advantage, market demand and
growth potential (agriculture, livestock, fisheries, non-farm)
broad range of rural financial services (savings & credit groups,
microfinance, debt finance, refinancing, equity financing)
market-derived infrastructure development linked to the selected value
chains
producers’ associations and win-win contractual arrangements with
processors, traders and markets
agribusiness development (SMEs linked to smallholders and/or creating job
opportunities) and non-farm enterprises
17. Creating economic opportunities - services
Services for smallholders
smallholder producers’ associations
climate-smart, environmentally-friendly technologies
access to a range of financial services
access to technical and business services
GGAP training and certification
skills development and rural labour market intermediation
Services for enterprises
access to a range of financial services
access to managerial, business, technical services
HACCP / ISO compliance and certification
market promotion
18. Upgrading agricultural value chains:
operational experiences
Services:
Financial
Business
Marketing
Market
promotion
HACCP / ISO
Services:
PA support
Producers'
forward Agribusiness Market
Technology Association
contract (enterprises) (domestic; export)
(smallholders)
Financial
Business
GGAP
Market-derived Infrastructure
19. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region
IFAD’s active portfolio in the region covers 10 borrowing/recipient
countries and amounts to USD 930 million
of this, USD 450 million is financed by IFAD and USD 480 million by
cofinanciers (domestic & external)
this portfolio is now directly reaching some 2.9 million poor rural
people across about 3,100 communities
as such, the active portfolio is reaching 2.4% of the rural population
or 6.5% of the rural poor in borrowing/recipient countries
in 2011, the average investment cost (loan/grant) per beneficiary
amounted to about USD 52
20. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region:
some results
380,000 ha of land under improved
management practices
250,000 ha of land under irrigation
scheme constructed or rehabilitated
220 livestock water points constructed
or rehabilitated
3,200 drinking water systems
constructed or rehabilitated
21. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region:
some results
270,200 poor rural people in
strengthened community organisations
32,000 poor rural people in savings and
credit groups
23,500 poor rural people trained in
income generating activities
20,500 poor rural people trained in post-
production, processing and marketing
22. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region:
some results
1,500 km of roads constructed
or rehabilitated
23. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region:
some results
1,400 savings and credit groups
formed and/or strengthened
460 savings and credit groups with
women in leadership positions
24. IFAD’s active portfolio in the Arab region:
Partnerships (selected)
Cofinancing
Islamic Development Bank
OPEC Fund for International Development
World Bank
Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development
Global Environmental Facility
borrowing/recipient Governments
private sector such as commercial banks and investors
beneficiaries
Knowledge
UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia
International Center for Agriculture Research in Dry Areas
International Center for Biosaline Agriculture
International Food Policy Research Institute
Food and Agriculture Organisation
National agriculture research institutes