This document discusses the rise of fake news and disinformation online. It defines different types of false information like misinformation, disinformation, and mal-information. It explains that over half of people regularly see fake news on social media. Some reasons why fake news spreads are for propaganda, website traffic/revenue, and personalized targeting in social media feeds. It provides tips for identifying fake news like checking for secure websites, URLs known for fake news, poor grammar/formatting, and excessive punctuation. Finally, it discusses ways to combat fake news like practicing news detox, engaging critically with shared content, and focusing on fact-checking authoritative sources.

1. Tara,
Fact-Check
Muna!
Topic:OnFighting
theInfodemic
Break the Fake Movement

2. Today's Discussion
Context: The Current Media Landscape and the Rise of
Citizen Journalism
The New Global Pandemic: Fake News and Disinformation
and Reasons Why It Exists
Disinformation vs Misinformation vs Mal-information
Responsible Digital Citizenship and Practical Ways to Spot
and Respond to Fake News

3. The coming of digital
age marked the birth of
a new global pandemic -
the 'disinfodemic' or
'disinformation
pandemic'.

4. According to a study
conducted by
Statista.com,
"over half of the
population claim
to regularly see
fake news on sites
such as Facebook
or Twitter."

5. The Current
Landscape
of Media
Consumption
Multiscreen, Not TV
Instant News
App Engagement
Subscriber Shift

6. 73 MILLION
INTERNET USERS
There were 73.00
million internet users in
the Philippines in
January 2020.
98% MOBILE
USERS
98% of active social
media users access via
mobile.
Digital Use in the Philippines
96% FACEBOOK
USERS
96% of internet users
use Facebook as their
social media platform
of choice.
Reference: Hootsuite

7. Finneman and Thomas
(2018) defined the rise
of “fake news” as it
currently exists as a
result of “the rise of
the internet as a
source of information
and the ability for
anyone to post content
online to reach an
audience.”

8. Fake news is “content
that is deliberately
false and published on
websites that mimic
traditional news
websites.”
JOHNSON AND KELLING (2018)

9. MAL-INFORMATION
Information that is based on reality,
used to inflict harm on a person, social
group, organisation or country.
MISINFORMATION
Information that is false but not
created with the intention of causing
harm
DISINFORMATION
Information that is false and
deliberately created to harm a person,
social group, organisation or country
The Digital
Evolution

10. Why do people spread fake news?

11. Roots of fake news

12. SATIRE/PARODY
Lots of websites and social
media accounts publish fake
news stories for
entertainment and parody.
PROPAGANDA
Stories that are created to
deliberately mislead
audiences, promote a
biased point of view or
particular political cause or
agenda.
WEBSITE
TRAFFIC AND
AD REVENUE
These are stories that are
deliberately fabricated to
gain more website visitors
and increase advertising
revenue for websites.

13. PERSONALIZED
TARGETING
Social media news feeds
tend to display news and
articles that they think we
will like based on our
personalised searches.
MISLEADING
HEADINGS
Stories that are created to
deliberately mislead
audiences, promote a
biased point of view or
particular political cause or
agenda.
SLOPPY
JOURNALISM
These are stories that are
deliberately fabricated to
gain more website visitors
and increase advertising
revenue for websites.

14. 3 Elements
of Fake
News
Mistrust
Misinformation
Manipulation
Martina Chapman, Media Literacy Expert

15. How do we combat
'fake news'?
CRITICAL THINKING
AND RESPONSIBLE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA

16. Infographic
Summary on
Spotting Fake
News

20. CHECK IF THE
WEBSITE IS SECURE.
Most legitimate websites
have secure sockets layer
(https://)
CHECK THE OTHER
ACCOUNTS OF
RELIABLE MEDIA
SOURCES.
CHECK THE URL IF
IT IS LISTED
SOMEWHERE AS A
FAKE NEWS SITE.

23. BAD ENGLISH
Credible journalists and
organisations are less likely
to make repeated spelling
and grammar mistakes.
formatting
quick check
CAPITALIZED
LETTERS
Anything written entirely in
capital letters is suspicious.
EXCLAMATION
MARKS!!!
Excessive use of
exclamation marks should
also raise suspicion.

31. How do you respond
when a close friend or
family shares "fake
news'?

32. ENGAGE FIRST WITH THE
PERSON, NOT THE
CONTENT.
1.
Try to figure out why a friend is
sharing a particular piece of fake
news—what narrative does it
support in their overall worldview?
2. HIGHLIGHT YOUR SHARED
VALUES FIRST.
Better yet, provide a credible media
outlet that you know will appeal.

33. 3. PUT THE ARGUMENT IN
CONTEXT.
Remind them of your existing
relationship as family members or
friends, and of the values and
experiences you share.
4. OR CONSIDER NOT
RESPONDING AT ALL.
“If you’re going to challenge
someone, be sure they are okay
with arguing publicly. Otherwise,
take it off that space to talk.”

34. McDowellDigital
Media,Inc.|202)

35. Practice
'news detox'
in times of
crisis!

36. Managing
news
consumption
in times of
crisis
Switch off.
Dive deep.
Connect.
Avoid the 24/7 news channels and feeds
unless it is your business to do so, or
unless the information is likely to impact
you directly.
Look for long-form journalism and in-
depth commentary on the topics that
most interest you.
Use social media wisely – for
communicating with family and friends
and by following authoritative sources
if something in the news is affecting
your life directly

37. OURGUIDING
PRINCIPLES
Interrogate.
Be mindful.
Ask the key question: “What is the best
source of the information I absolutely
need to know?”
Bear in mind the well being of any
children in your household with the
timing and selection of your hard/live
news consumption.

38. References
HOW WE
CONSUME MEDIA
IS CHANGING
Rich Media
(https://www.richmedia.com/richideas/art
icles/how-we-consume-media-is-
changing)
TIPS FOR
SPOTTING FALSE
NEWS
Facebook
(https://wethinkdigital.fb.com/ph/en-
us/resources/?topic=critical-
thinking&audience=)
DIGITAL 2020:
THE PHILIPPINES
Hootsuite
(https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-
2020-philippines)
Break the Fake Movement
BELLINGCAT
INVESTIGATION
TOOLKIT
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Bf
LPJpRtyq4RFtHJoNpvWQjmGnyVkfE2HYoI
CKOGguA/edit?usp=sharing
"FAKE NEWS",
DISINFORMATION,
AND
PROPAGANDA
https://guides.library.harvard.edu/fake

39. Let's work
together!
WEBSITE
www.breakthefakemovement.com
FACEBOOK
facebook.com/breakthefake
EMAIL
breakthefakeph@gmail.com
BREAK THE FAKE MOVEMENT