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Soja
Plantacion
Una buena siembra de soja
El verdadero motivo del conflicto de parte de los terratenientes argentinos
 
Utilizacion de la soja

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Soja como siembra directa y su problemática

Notas del editor

  1. El cultivo de soja transgénica forrajera ocupa ya el 60% de nuestra producción de granos y casi igual porcentaje de la superficie sembrada. Lejos de ser un hecho saludable, constituye un verdadero problema en expansión para la economía nacional y la protección de nuestro ecosistema agrícola, así como también para la vida misma de nuestros habitantes. Nuestro país es parte de los 19 países que permiten el cultivo de variedades transgénicas o modificadas genéticamente (OGM).
  2. Se define como "una buena siembra" aquella donde la diferencia entre la cantidad de plantas posibles de obtener y las emergidas es mínima, la separación entre ellas es uniforme y el tiempo transcurrido para emerger es el mínimo para el conjunto de la población (Maroni, J. y Gargicevich, A.1998). En la tabla Nº 1 se clasifican los diversos factores asociados con el logro de una buena siembra. Tabla Nº 1: Principales factores relacionados con el logro de la población, distribución y emergencia de plantas. De la semillaDel ambienteDe la sembradora y sus accesoriosDel hombre y su intervención Vigor Poder germinativo Temperatura Humedad Oxígeno Impedimentos del suelo Plagas Daño a la semilla Contactado semilla- suelo Profundidad Tapado Sellado superficial Relación placa-semilla Posición semilla- fertilizante Momento de siembra Mantenimiento de la máquina Regulaciones de la máquina. Dentro de los factores relacionados con la sembradora, el tren de siembra, sus accesorios y el uso que haga el operador, deben ser considerados según las condiciones del suelo, en particular la humedad del mismo al momento de la siembra. La elección y regulación de dichos componentes, según el estado del suelo, puede afectar la emergencia de los cotiledones de la soja, al modificar el área de localización de la semilla.
  3. “ El conflicto desatado no es por precios o rentabilidad, que aumentaba con las retenciones móviles, sino que busca poner en marcha un proceso de convalidación social de sus intereses particulares, de creación de una hegemonía, busca ejercer el control sobre el Estado”, señaló Basualdo durante la presentación del libro. El ingreso por hectárea de los productores sojeros se incrementó un 45 por ciento a pesar de la aplicación del nuevo esquema de retenciones móviles. Según los investigadores del Area de Economía y Tecnología de Flacso, “con posterioridad a la vigencia del nuevo régimen de retenciones alcanzó, en pesos constantes de 2007, 1223 pesos por hectárea, mientras que el promedio de 2007 había sido de 846 pesos”.