1. Communicating
Nonverbally
By
Nathalie Hirsch,
Genesis Ramirez
&
William

2. Principles of
Nonverbal
communication
• Nonverbal communication is
often ambiguous:
One reason nonverbal communication is so
challenging in our relationships is that our
nonverbal messages often mean different things
to different people, which can lead to
misunderstandings. Compared to verbal
messages, nonverbal messages are usually more
ambiguous.

3. • Nonverbal communication regulates
conversation:
People use nonverbal communication to manage the ebb and
flow of conversations. Nonverbal regulators allow speakers to
enter, exit or maintain the conversation. Who talks when and to
who, referred to as turn taking, is based primarily on nonverbal
communication.
• Nonverbal communication is more
believable than verbal
communication:
People believe non verbal messages over verbal messages.
Someone's nonverbal behavior can influence a conversational
partner more than what is said.

4. • Nonverbal communication may conflict
with verbal communication
Although nonverbal and verbal communication frequently operate
interdependently, sometimes our nonverbal messages are not
congruent with our verbal messages.We term this incompatibility a
Mixed Message.

5. Nonverbal Communication Codes

6. Nonverbal Communication Codes
Visual-Auditory codes
As their reflects, visual-auditory codes include categories
of nonverbal communication that you can see and hear.
These categories are kinesics ( body movement),
physical appearance (such as attractiveness), facial
communication ( such as eye contact), and paralanguage
( such as pitch and whining).

7. Kinesics (Body movement)
Body communication is also called
kinesics, a Greek word meaning
“movement.” Kinesics refers to the
study of body motions and how people
use them to communicate. Kinesics
behavior is wide-ranging; it can include
anything from staying put at a party
after being asked to leave, to gesturing
during a speech.

8. Gesture types:
• Delivery gestures: Gestures that signal shared understanding between
communicators in a conversation
• Citing gestures : gestures that acknowledge another’s feedback in a
conversation.
• seeking gestures: gestures that request agreement or clarification from a
sender during a conversation
• Turn gestures: gestures that indicate that another person can speak or
that are used to request to speak in a conversation

9. Physical appearance
Physical appearance encompasses all of the
physical characteristics of an individual,
including body size, skin color, hair color and
style, facial hair, and facial features.
Body artifacts
Refer to our possessions and how we decorate
ourselves and our surroundings.Clothing, for
example, can convey social status or group
identification. People seek out others who are
similar to themselves in attractiveness , just as
they seek out others who are similar to
themselves in other characteristics.

10. Facial Communications
More than any other part of the body, the face gives others insides in
to someone is feeling. We often have difficulty shielding authentic
feelings from others because we usually don’t have much control over
facial communication in other words, it’s tough to hide your feelings.
The part of the face with the most potential communication is the
eye. Eye is a complex part of the human behavior.
Finally, smiling is one of the most recognizable nonverbal behaviors
world wide

11. • Paralanguage (Voice): study of a person’s voice. Also called
vocalics.
Paralanguage refers not toWHAT a person says but to HOW a person says it.
Paralanguage covers a vast array of nonverbal behaviors such as:
• Pitch
• Rate
• Volume
• Inflection
• Tempo
• Pronunciation
We call these behaviors vocal qualities. It is also taken in consideration vocal
distracters such as “umm”, “ errrr”, and “eeehhhh”.

12. Vocalics also encompasses such nonverbal
behaviors as:
• Crying
• Laughing
• Groaning
• Muttering
• Whispering
• Whining
We call these vocal characteristics.

13. We also include silence in our
discussion of the vocal qualities of
paralanguage because a
person’s use of his or her voice
includes the decision not to use it.
Silence serves as an interpersonal
weapon.
Silence can be a frustrating nonverbal
behavior to respond to.

14. Contact Codes
Touch communication, or haptic, is the most primitive form of human
communication.
Touch is the ultimate in privileged access to people.
• Touch is used for positive affects, which includes support, appreciation,
inclusion, and affection.
• Touch has a playful for function; it’s serves to lighten an interaction
• Touch is used to control or to direct behavior in an encounter
• Ritualistic touch refers to the touches we use on an every day bases
• The task function pertains to touch that serves a professional or a functional
purpose
• A hybrid touch is a touch a greets a person and simultaneously demonstrates
affection for that person
• Touch that is accidental is done without apparent intent

15. Space

16. EdwardT. Hall’s four types of personal
distance

17. Place andTime Codes
The environment
Where you sit, sleep, dance, clime, jog, write, sing, play, sue, or worship are all parts
of your physical environment. How we utilize the parts of the environment, how we
manage them, and their influence upon us all are all part of nonverbal communication.
Some environmental factors that affect communication between people:
• Color
• Lighting
• Room design

18. Time
(Chronemics)
Chronemics, the study of a person’s use of
time, help us to understand how people
perceive and structure time and their
dialogues and relationships with others.
• Duration pertains to how long we allocate
for a particular event
• Punctuality is the promptness associated
with keeping time
• Activity is somewhat chromatic value

19. CulturalVariations in Nonverbal
Communications
Nonverbal behaviors convey different meanings
among (co)cultures

20. Culture and nonverbal
communication

21. Recall the Nonverbal-Verbal
Relationship
• Nonverbal communication is often best
understood with verbal communication
• It is important to pay attention to the spoken
words as well as the nonverbal behavior
• We should be aware that our nonverbal and
verbal messages match

22. Examples of BlendingVerbal and
Nonverbal messages
• Raise our voice to put emphasis on something we say
• Frown while tell a sad story or smile and laugh when
telling a funny story
• Motion with our hands to tell people to get going or
move a certain way
• Toddlers or young children jumping up and down
when they are upset

23. BeTentativeWhen Interpreting
Nonverbal Behavior
• Consider the cultural background of communicators
• If you are not too certain about a gesture or signal
simply ask the person
• Nonverbal communication varies between and even
among cultures so remember this when interpreting
the meaning of a nonverbal message

24. MonitorYour Nonverbal Behavior
• Be aware of how you say something to
another person
• Can be measured by your touch, your
proximity or even silence or words used
• It is important to look for meaning in both
your behavior and the behavior of others

25. Ask Others forTheir Impressions
• Ask someone with whom you are close to
since they can usually provide the most
honest advice
• Others can let us know that our verbal and
nonverbal behaviors are inconsistent

26. Avoid Nonverbal Distractions
• Playing with your hair, shifting your eyes, using
vocal distractors or fiddling with a piece of
jewelry while talking to someone
• Person is likely to focus more on your actions
than what is actually being spoken
• Can result in little to no meaning exchanged in
the interaction

27. Place Nonverbal Communication
in Context
• When discussing human behavior, we need to avoid
superficial ideas about our nonverbal communication
• Pay attention to nonverbal cues
• Do not assign too much meaning to a wink, or handshake,
pair of dangling earrings or a voice that may sound uptight
• To acquire meaning you must consider the entire
communication process