IB Geography: Development: Rostow Model

1. The Rostow Model

2. time

3. level of development time

4. level of development The Traditional Society time

5. level of development The Traditional Society time

6. level of development Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

7. level of development Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

8. level of development Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

9. level of development Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

10. level of development The Drive to Maturity Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

11. level of development The Drive to Maturity Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

12. level of development High Mass Consumption The Drive to Maturity Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

13. The Rostow Model - The Stages of Economic Growth Walt Whitman Rostow (1916- 2003)

14. The Rostow Model - The Stages of Economic Growth W. W. Rostow was American. Walt Whitman Rostow (1916- 2003)

15. The Rostow Model - The Stages of Economic Growth W. W. Rostow was American. He developed his model in 1960. Walt Whitman Rostow (1916- 2003)

16. The Rostow Model - The Stages of Economic Growth W. W. Rostow was American. He developed his model in 1960. It was based upon the study of 15 mainly European countries. Walt Whitman Rostow (1916- 2003)

17. The Rostow Model - The Stages of Economic Growth W. W. Rostow was American. He developed his model in 1960. It was based upon the study of 15 mainly European countries. He suggested that all countries had the potential to break the cycle of poverty and develop through 5 linear Walt Whitman Rostow (1916- 2003) stages.

18. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure

19. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure The Traditional Society Pre-conditions for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

20. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Pre-conditions for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

21. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Pre-conditions for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

22. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Pre-conditions for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

23. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

24. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions for Take Off Vast Majority Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

25. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

26. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

27. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

28. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

29. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Maturity High Mass Consumption

30. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Maturity High Mass Consumption

31. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Stable Maturity High Mass Consumption

32. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Stable Growing Rapidly Maturity High Mass Consumption

33. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Stable Growing Rapidly Maturity High Mass Very Few Consumption

34. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Stable Growing Rapidly Maturity High Mass Very Few Declining Consumption

35. The Rostow Model - Employment Structure Primary Sector Secondary Sector Tertiary Sector The Traditional Society Vast Majority Very Few Very Few Pre-conditions Vast Majority Few Very Few for Take Off Take Off Declining Rapid Growth Few The Drive to Few Stable Growing Rapidly Maturity High Mass Very Few Declining Vast Majority Consumption

36. The Traditional Society

37. The Traditional Society A subsistence economy based on farming.

38. The Traditional Society A subsistence economy based on farming. Output is consumed by producers rather than traded. Trade is by barter where goods are exchanged or 'swapped‘.

39. The Traditional Society A subsistence economy based on farming. Output is consumed by producers rather than traded. Trade is by barter where goods are exchanged or 'swapped‘. Agriculture is the most important industry and production is labour intensive, using only limited quantities of capital.

40. The Traditional Society A subsistence economy based on farming. Output is consumed by producers rather than traded. Trade is by barter where goods are exchanged or 'swapped‘. Agriculture is the most important industry and production is labour intensive, using only limited quantities of capital. There is very limited technology or capital to process raw materials or develop industries and services.

41. Pre-conditions for Take Off

42. Pre-conditions for Take Off Surpluses for trading emerge supported by an emerging transport infrastructure.

43. Pre-conditions for Take Off Surpluses for trading emerge supported by an emerging transport infrastructure. Agriculture becomes more commercialized and mechanized with technological improvements.

44. Pre-conditions for Take Off Surpluses for trading emerge supported by an emerging transport infrastructure. Agriculture becomes more commercialized and mechanized with technological improvements. Levels of capital grow. Savings and investment grow. Entrepreneurs emerge.

45. Pre-conditions for Take Off Surpluses for trading emerge supported by an emerging transport infrastructure. Agriculture becomes more commercialized and mechanized with technological improvements. Levels of capital grow. Savings and investment grow. Entrepreneurs emerge. A single industry begins to dominate – often textiles.

46. Take Off

47. Take Off Industrialization increases, with workers switching from the land to manufacturing. This may cause large scale rural-urban migration.

48. Take Off Industrialization increases, with workers switching from the land to manufacturing. This may cause large scale rural-urban migration. Growth is concentrated in a few regions of the country and in one or two industries.

49. Take Off Industrialization increases, with workers switching from the land to manufacturing. This may cause large scale rural-urban migration. Growth is concentrated in a few regions of the country and in one or two industries. New political and social institutions are evolving to support industrialization.

50. Take Off Industrialization increases, with workers switching from the land to manufacturing. This may cause large scale rural-urban migration. Growth is concentrated in a few regions of the country and in one or two industries. New political and social institutions are evolving to support industrialization. Airports, roads and railways are built.

51. The Drive to Maturity

52. The Drive to Maturity Growth is now diverse supported by technological innovation. It should be self sustaining.

53. The Drive to Maturity Growth is now diverse supported by technological innovation. It should be self sustaining. Economic development spreads to all parts.

54. The Drive to Maturity Growth is now diverse supported by technological innovation. It should be self sustaining. Economic development spreads to all parts. A more complex transport system develops.

55. The Drive to Maturity Growth is now diverse supported by technological innovation. It should be self sustaining. Economic development spreads to all parts. A more complex transport system develops. Increase in number and types of industry.

56. The Drive to Maturity Growth is now diverse supported by technological innovation. It should be self sustaining. Economic development spreads to all parts. A more complex transport system develops. Increase in number and types of industry. Manufacturing expands as early industries decline.

57. High Mass Consumption

58. High Mass Consumption Rapid expansion of tertiary industry.

59. High Mass Consumption Rapid expansion of tertiary industry. Industry shifts to production of durable consumer goods.

60. level of development High Mass Consumption The Drive to Maturity Take Off Pre-conditions for Take Off The Traditional Society time

61. level of development High Mass Consumption The Drive to Maturity Take Off UK 1750 Pre-conditions USA 1800 Japan 1880 for Take Off The Traditional Society time

64. level of development High Mass Consumption The Drive to Maturity UK 1820 USA 1850 Take Off Japan 1900 UK 1750 Pre-conditions USA 1800 Japan 1880 for Take Off The Traditional Society time

67. level of development High Mass Consumption UK 1850 USA 1920 The Drive to Japan 1930 Maturity UK 1820 USA 1850 Take Off Japan 1900 UK 1750 Pre-conditions USA 1800 Japan 1880 for Take Off The Traditional Society time

70. level of development UK 1940 High Mass USA 1930 Japan 1950 Consumption UK 1850 USA 1920 The Drive to Japan 1930 Maturity UK 1820 USA 1850 Take Off Japan 1900 UK 1750 Pre-conditions USA 1800 Japan 1880 for Take Off The Traditional Society time

73. The Rostow Model - Criticisms

74. The Rostow Model - Criticisms The model is outdated (produced in 1960) and oversimpliﬁed.

75. The Rostow Model - Criticisms The model is outdated (produced in 1960) and oversimpliﬁed. The model assumes that all countries start at the same level and with the same resources, population, climate etc.

76. The Rostow Model - Criticisms The model is outdated (produced in 1960) and oversimpliﬁed. The model assumes that all countries start at the same level and with the same resources, population, climate etc. While capital is needed to advance beyond ‘the traditional society’ - often this capital arrives in the form of a injection of development aid. Debt repayments can delay and even prevent a country from reaching ‘take off’.

77. The Rostow Model - Criticisms The model is outdated (produced in 1960) and oversimpliﬁed. The model assumes that all countries start at the same level and with the same resources, population, climate etc. While capital is needed to advance beyond ‘the traditional society’ - often this capital arrives in the form of a injection of development aid. Debt repayments can delay and even prevent a country from reaching ‘take off’. The model underestimates the extent to which the development of some countries in the past was at the expense of others through colonization and imperialism.

IB Geography: Development: Rostow Model

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IB Geography: Development: Rostow Model