Major Fishing Grounds of theMajor Fishing Grounds of the
WorldWorld

INTRODUCTION
The term ‘fishing’ refers to the landing of all types of marine
and fresh water products ,of which there is a great variety .
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish.
Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering,
netting,trapping,angling and spearing.netting,trapping,angling and spearing.
Fish is a major item of food for a large section of the world
population.
Fish is the most important resource of the sea and fishing is
the important activity associated with sea.
Nearly 30000 species of fish are found in the world.

Factors for Growth of Fishing.
Physical Factors
Non-Physical Factors
1. Physical Factors for Growth of Fishing
There could be many physical factors involved in growth
of Fishing .
a) Continental Shelf is the area of seabed where large land
mass is and sea is relatively shallow. Continental shelf
provide a large amount of plankton and share a wideprovide a large amount of plankton and share a wide
expense world wide. Continental shelf are always good
fishing ground, due to abundant supply of plankton. Most
of the edible fish are found in the continental shelves.

b) Broken Coastal Lines can also tip the scale's in the favor
of fishing industry. Coast line can be a breeding ground
for fish and calm water in broken coastal line could be
good in nourishment of fish. China and Russia have some
coastal lines, from where a large amount of fish is fished
annually.
c) Turbulent Sea Water is also an important factor in growth
of fishing industry and it's also quite favorable factor for
growth in such a way, that it has a varieties of plant and foodgrowth in such a way, that it has a varieties of plant and food
for fish, due to which a large quantity of fish is present in this
area, which can tip the scale in the favor of fisher men.
d) Ocean Currents are huge masses under the surface of
water which moves with the movement of earth or
gravitational move of sun and moon. Each ocean
current move in different direction some move in clock wise
and some move in anti clock wise.

The place where two sea meet each other are the best fishing
ground world has ever know.
e)Plankton is essential for growth of fishing industry and is
favorable in a immense way. It is basic and important food
for fish. Plankton could be small size animal or plants
drifting o on the surface of water. A place where is abundance
of plankton could affect development of fishing
industry big time.
f) Climates another great factor in growth of fishing industry.
industry big time.
f) Climates another great factor in growth of fishing industry.
As, we know in hot climate it's a lot difficult to live in, same is
to be said for fish they usually move away from hot climate
and we can found a abundance of fish in cold climate.
g) Forest is also a very important factor in growth of fishing
industry, as it can provide a huge abundance of food for fish.
As, a matter of fact huge amount of fish can be found where
their is abundance of food in water.

2.Non-Physical Factors
There are many factors that can be applied for increase in
fishing production. Some of them are as follow.
a) Capital or investment is a very important factor for
establishment of fishing industry. It's not just that, you
need capital for larbour or instrument, but instead you
need for everything machinery, boats and preservation
systems also.
b) Cheap Labour is also an essential requirement of fishing
systems also.
b) Cheap Labour is also an essential requirement of fishing
activities. You are more likely to gain more profit and
increase your production, if you have a lot of labour. And
surely you can't hire a lot of expensive labour. So,
availability of labour at a cheap price is essential for
growth of fishing industry.

c) Latest equipment is another great factor for increase in
production of fishing industry. As, we all know world is
progressing rapidly without an excuse. World is developing
new and fastest mean of doing work, which was done a really
long period of time. Your fishing industry is to develop a
lot, if your industry is depending upon
modern tools, technology and machinery. If you have
these your industry is to grow rapidly.
d) Latest ports is a really important factor in growth of fishingd) Latest ports is a really important factor in growth of fishing
industry. Production must be easily available in market area,
so that the raw material could be easily supplied and whole of
the production is easily available to consumer.
e) Modern means of transportation is another important
factor in growth of a fishing industry. After fishing process it
is important that you should have a mean of transportation
which can quickly transport fishing goods to the Ports of the
country.

It is also necessary to connect the industry with market and
consumer, so that it is available to the consumer. So, we can say
that modern mean of transportation is essential in growth
of fishing industry.
f) Modern Preservatory System are also essential for growth
of fishing industry. The problems people faced back
in 19th and 18th century was preservation of food
and fish. Now, they used to caught a lot of fish, but their
transportation was not that much fast. It took a really long timetransportation was not that much fast. It took a really long time
to bring it back to the port. Due to which they have to throw
out most of fish, because it cannot be eaten. So, yes we can say
that modern preservatory system can cause a growth
in fishing industry.
g)Demand it is the last factor for growth in fishing
industry. Fish is enrich with vitamin, protein and
mineral and it's mostly used in cold areas. If you want a growth
in your fishing industry then demand is an essential part for it
and can play a huge role in growth of fishing industry.

CLASSIFICATION OF FISH
SALT WATER FISH
Spend their entire lives in the oceans and seas.
It is further divided into pelagic and demersal
fishes.
Pelagic fishes lives at or near the surface water.Pelagic fishes lives at or near the surface water.
Examples are herring, mackerel, sardines,
pilchards, brisling, anchovies, menhaden and
capelin.
Demersal fishes are bottom living fishes.
Examples are cod, halibut, hake, flatfish and tuna.

FRESH WATER FISH
Found in inland streams, rivers and lakes.
Examples are trout, perch and carp etc…
ANADROMOUS FISH
Spawned in the inland rivers, but spend
most of their lives in the seas and onlymost of their lives in the seas and only
return to the rivers to spawn and die.
Examples are salmon, chinook, humpback,
sockeye, silver chum etc…

COMMERCIAL FISHING
Commercial fishing is the activity of catching fish and
other seafood for commercial profit, mostly from wild
fisheries.
It provides a large quantity of food to many countries
around the earth, but those who practice it as an industry
must often pursue fish far into the ocean under adverse
conditions.conditions.
Large-scale commercial fishing is also known as industrial
fishing.
Commercial fishing uses many different methods to
effectively catch a large variety of species including the use
of pole and line, trolling with multiple
lines, trawling with large nets, and traps or pots.
It is largely concentrated in the oceans of the northern
hemisphere.

MAJOR FISHING REGIONS
1.TEMPERATE FISHING GROUNDS
North West Pacific Region
North East Pacific Region
South East Pacific RegionSouth East Pacific Region
North East Atlantic Region
North West Atlantic Region
2.TROPICAL FISHING GROUNDS

TEMPERATE FISHING GROUNDS
NORTH WEST PACIFIC REGION
This region extends from the outer Aleutian Islands in the north
to the central pacific, north of the Philippine Islands.
Salmon, herring, halibut, cod and king crab are the important
catches.
Commercial fishing is best developed in Japan because of highly
organised industry with modern fishing methods.organised industry with modern fishing methods.
NORTH EAST PACIFIC REGION
It extends from Alaska to California along the western shores of
North America.
This region comprises the world’s best cod fishing ground along
with herring and haddock.
Salmon is the most valuable fish of this region, but tuna, halibut
and sardines also important.

SOUTH EAST PACIFIC REGION
Off the coast of South America is known for the anchovy
harvest off the coast of Peru.
The northward flowing Peru current provides an ideal
environment for the anchovy culture .
Because it is associated with a coastal upwelling of nutrient
rich colder water laden with plankton on which the
anchovy feeds.
NORTH EAST ATLANTIC REGIONNORTH EAST ATLANTIC REGION
This region extends from Iceland to Mediterranean
including the European countries especially Norway,
Denmark, Spain, Iceland and the United Kingdom.
Shallow waters of the north sea especially the most
exploited Dogger bank are important areas where fishing is
carried out all around the year.

NORTH WEST ATLANTIC REGION
It includes Grand bank and the Georges
bank area of the north west atlantics.
The convergence of the Gulf stream and the
Labrador current in that region enhancesLabrador current in that region enhances
productivity.
The major fish is the cod, but halibut,
herring, mackerel are also important.

TROPICAL FISHING GROUNDS
Tropical fishing is confined within tropical areas.
Compared to temperate commercial fishing,
tropical fishing is insignificant both in terms of
quality and quantity.
The major tropical fish producing countries areThe major tropical fish producing countries are
China(1st), Peru(2nd), Chile(4th), Indonesia(7th),
Thailand(8th), India(9th), Srilanka etc…
Most of the countries are late starters in fish
production.

FISHING RIGHTS IN SEAS AND
OCEANS
All countries had an equal right to fishing in all oceans and
seas outside the territorial waters of individual countries.
The most important development in this regard has been
the treaty drafted by the Third United Nations Law of the
Sea Conference in 1982.
The law of sea treaty supports the concept of territorial seaThe law of sea treaty supports the concept of territorial sea
limits up to 12 nautical miles,924 nautical mile contiguous
zone and a 200 nautical miles exclusive economic
zone(EEZ).
Many countries today subscribe to the law of sea treaty.
It has led to emergence of many nationalized fishing
grounds.

CONCLUSION
Fish are the backboned animals that are able
to live in water throughout their lives.
The need for conservation of fishery
resources is urgent because of the problemsresources is urgent because of the problems
of over fishing.
Now a days, a large number of fish are
destroyed by human activities.
So it is very important for the effective fish
management.

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