highway

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This, work Design horizontal and vertical alignments was developed with data of topographic
map close to Pasco city. Indeed, we use asoftware to supply an excellent design for that section.
To perform a correct design of alignments we consider the Peruvian manuals, DG – 2014, and
for nonspecific steps,we help uswith aHCMin ordertodoastandard design. The determining
factor that we consider was the cumulative mass haul to reduce the cost and the easy way to
build that roadway.

2. I. INTRODUCTION
It’s been a while since we started the course, from the beginning we have seen very
interesting
facts about Peru’s reality. Since we start the course, we spoke about highways, and one
of the objectives of this course is to design a roadway and that is the reason of this
homework.
To start off we can define a roadway like a public domain and use, designed and built
primarily for the circulation of motor vehicles. There are several types of roads, although
colloquially the term road is used to define the conventional road that can be connected,
through access, to neighboring properties, differentiating them from other types of
highways, freeways and highways, which cannot have Steps and crosses at the same level.
Roads are distinguished from a simple road because they are specially designed for the
circulation of transport vehicles.
In this report, our team will explain, analyze and interpret the data result from the design.
We propose this design like one of de suitable solution.

3. 1. OBJECTIVES.
1.1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES.
The general objective ofthis work is toproposeasuitable design for the section provide, using
a topography data based on the Peruvian manual (DG – 2014) and the Highway Capacity Manual
(HCM 2000), to analyze and do a correct design; we will provide possible solutions that can
reduce the cost and the travel time; complying with all parameters and regulations.
1.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.
 Formulate engineering, economic and efficient solutions to reduce travel time and the
cost of the roadway.
 Identify the different factors that affect the design, travel time and the cost.
2. GENERAL CONCEPTS
2.1. HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT
The geometric pattern in plan or horizontal alignment, it consists of straight alignments, circular
curves and varying degrees of curvature, allowing a smooth transition when moving straight
alignments circular curves orvice versa orbetween twocircular curves different curvature.
2.2. ABSCISSA
Demarcations on the axis of the road, which are required to have a greater amplitude
information levels longitudinal profile, are realized every 20, 15, 10, 5 meters depending on the
topography of the natural terrain.
2.3. STATION
Horizontal alignment point where the line crosses avisual drawn in the longitudinal
profile, which will reveal the height above the ground that will beprojected to the slope of
the cut.
2.4. LAYOUT
The layout plan is usually the point at which begins geometrically designed a road, since being is
a linear work, perfectly defines the shape and course of the same.

4. 2.5. PLATFORM
A paved or not longitudinal strip, adjacent to the road (not included in this), not intended
for use by motor vehicles in exceptional circumstances.
2.6. INTERSECTION
It is apaved or not longitudinal strip, adjacent tothe road (not included in this), not intended
for motor vehicle use only in exceptional circumstances. In addition, crossroads can be given
with a level intersection or intersection overpasses
2.7. BRANCH
A branch is astretch of road connecting only two different roads, they are the type that are
(urban, suburban, two-way, highway, etc.). It may be composed of the following
geometric elements:
2.7.1. Intersection Branch-highway
2.7.2. Intersection Branch-street
2.8. GRADE
The slope of a stretch of road is expressed by apercentage value that indicates the gap between 2
points which is horizontally measured distance of 100meters.
2.9. HORIZONTAL CURVES
When ahighway changes horizontal direction, making the point where it changes direction
a point of intersection between two straight lines is not feasible. The change in direction
would be too abrupt for the safety of modem, high-speed vehicles. It is therefore
necessary to interpose a curve between the straight lines. The straight lines of a road are
called tangents because the lines are tangent to the curves used to change direction. In
practically all modem highways, the curves are circular curves; that is, curves that form
circular arcs. The smaller the radius of a circular curve, the sharper the curve.

5. 2.10. VERTICAL CURVES
Inaddition to horizontal curves that goto the right orleft, roadsalso have vertical curves that
go up or down. Vertical curves ata crest or the top ofa hill are called summit curves, orover
verticals. Vertical curves atthebottom ofahill ordip arecalled sagcurves, orunder verticals.
3. LOCATION
Huamachuco is located at an altitude of 3,269 meters above sea level on the eastern slope
of the Andes mountain range, in a high Andean valley 184 km from Trujillo. The city has
an estimated population of 39 806 inhabitants for the year 2015.
3.1. WHEATER
The climate of Huamachuco is temperate, moderately rainy and with moderate thermal
amplitude. The annual average of maximum and minimum temperature (period 1964 1980)
is 17.3 ° C and 6.2 ° C, respectively. The average annual accumulated precipitation for the
period 1964-1980 is 905.5 mm.