المنهج التاريخى تاريخ الحاسب الآلى أثناء الدبلوم الخاص ولقد تعلمت الكثير والكثير من خلال الاستاذ الدكتور/ مدحت النمر تحية وتقدير الى جميع الأساتذة والدكاترة لى فى جامعة الاسكندرية هناء أحمد محمد إبراهيم - معلم حاسب آلى باحثة ماجيستر مناهج وطرق تدريس حاسب آلى

1. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١
‫اﻻﺣﺪاث‬ ‫واھﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‬ ‫اھﻢ‬‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬
‫ﺗﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫واﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺼﻰ‬ ‫اﺗﺨﺬ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﻄﺮة‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻮط‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﺒﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬ ‫اول‬ ‫ان‬ ‫اﻟﺼﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺪﺋﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‬٥٠٠‫ﻋﺎم‬‫اﻟﻤﯿﻼد‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬١٠
‫اﻟﯿﺪوي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪاد‬:‫ﺑﺪأ‬‫اﻟﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺪاد‬ ‫ذﻟﻚ‬‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮع‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬ ‫وي‬١٥٠٠‫اﻷﺑﯿﺾ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺎرات‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎم‬‫اﻟﻘﺪﯾﻤﺔ‬.‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬‫ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬١٦
(Pascaline)
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻜﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻼﯾﺰ‬Blaise Pascal١٦٤٢
‫اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﯾﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮل‬ ‫أﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬"‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫اﻵﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬" .
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬‫ﻟﯿﺒﻨﺘﺰ‬ ‫اﻷﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬١٧٣٢‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬١٧
‫اﻟﺤﺮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺴﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬،‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
(Joseph
Marie Jacquard)
١٨٠٤‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬١٨
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

2. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٢
‫اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻗﺎت‬‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫وﯾﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮل‬ ‫أﺟﺰاء‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬"‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬
‫ﺑﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎج‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻟﺰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎم‬‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﯿ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫إﺟﺮاء‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ‬‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫وﻃﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻷرﻗﺎم‬ ‫وﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦ‬‫ﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﻲ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫أوراق‬
‫ﺑﺎﺑﺎج‬ ‫ﺷﺎرﻟﺰ‬(Charles Babbage١٨٢٢‫اﻟﻘﺮن‬١٨
Charles Babbage١٨٣٢
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﺨﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺪات‬‫ﻜ‬‫ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﺗﺤﺘﻮى‬ ‫ﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬١٨٣٣
‫اﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬‫واﻻﺧﺮاج‬ ‫اﻻدﺧﺎل‬ ‫وﺣﺪاﺗﻰ‬ ‫ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫رﻗﺎم‬‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬ ‫وﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫واﺣﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت‬
‫واﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬
١٨٤٢
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺒﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫واﻗﺘﺼﺮت‬ ‫ﺑﻮوت‬ ‫ﺟﻮل‬ ‫ﻇﮭﺮ‬)AND- Not - OR(
‫ﺣﯿﺚ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮع‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺮاع‬‫أو‬ ‫أﺣﺮف‬ ‫أو‬ ‫أرﻗﺎم‬ ‫ﺳﻮاء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﻤﻜﻦ‬‫ﺗﻌﺮ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺋﻨﺎت‬‫ﻛﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ف‬
‫اﺛﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬:‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬ ‫إﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻻ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬،‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮح‬‫ﻣﻐﻠﻖ‬ ‫أو‬،‫أﺻﻔﺎر‬ ‫و‬ ‫وﺣﺪات‬،‫ﺟﻤﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮة‬ ‫وﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻔﯿﻦ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬"‫اﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻔﺮة‬"‫إﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻀﺎت‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬ ‫وھﺬه‬‫إﻣﺎ‬‫أو‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻐﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻄﻔﺊ‬.George Boole
‫ﺟﻮرج‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﯾﻄﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬‫ﺑﻮول‬Boole١٨٥٤
‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﻮ‬ ‫وﺳﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ھﺬه‬ ‫واﻋﺘﻤﺪت‬ ‫ﻧﻄﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺔ‬ ‫اول‬ ‫اﻧﺸﺎ‬William Javors١٨٦٩
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

3. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٣
(Punched Cards)
(International
Business Machines)(IBM)
‫ھﻮﻟﯿﺮﯾﺚ‬Hollerith
١٨٧٩
Herman Hollerith
Herman Hollerith١٨٨٠
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻹدﺧﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬,‫ﻓﺼﻤﻢ‬‫ﺷﺮﻃﺔ‬ ‫أﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ‫وﺑﻨﺎھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺪأ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺪوﻟﺔ‬ ‫آﻟﺔ‬ ‫ھﻮﻟﯿﺮﯾﺚ‬
‫وﺑﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﯿﻊ‬‫اﻵﻻت‬ ‫ھﺬه‬
‫ﺑﯿﻠﯿﻨﺠﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮه‬١٨٩٠
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

4. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٤
‫اﻟﻤﻠﯿﻮﻧ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻃﻠﻖ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ﻟﻀﺮب‬ ‫اوﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺔ‬ ‫اول‬‫ﯿﺮ‬
Otto stogie's١٨٩٣
‫اﻟﺮدادﯾﻮ‬ ‫اﺷﺎرات‬ ‫وﺗﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮغ‬ ‫ﺻﻤﺎم‬ ‫اول‬Lee Deforest١٩٠٧١٩
IBMComputing –
Tabulating – Recording
C-T-RIBM ( International Business
Machine
IBM١٩١١
‫اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺟﻰء‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫داﺋﺮة‬ ‫اول‬Flip‫ﻧﻈﺎم‬ ‫وھﻮ‬))٠،١) ((ON - Off(
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺨﺰﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺪاد‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
Ecdes & Jordan
١٩١٩
‫اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اول‬ ‫ﻇﮭﻮر‬Analog‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫واﺳﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫واﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺮض‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬى‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺤﻠﻞ‬ ‫وﺳﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻻت‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺿﻠﻰ‬
١٩٢٤
‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺑﺤﺎث‬ ‫اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ھﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫وان‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫اول‬Eckerd١٩٣٣
‫ﻧﻄﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﮫ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮﻋﺖ‬Machinelogic‫اﻻﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﺘﺪاد‬Turing‫و‬‫ﺷﺮح‬‫اﻟﻤﻔﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬‫اﻟﺤﻘﯿﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻻرﻗﺎم‬ ‫ض‬١٩٣٦
John Vincent AtanasoffJohn Vincent Atanasof
ABC
John Vincent Atanasoff
John Vincent Atanasof
١٩٣٧
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

5. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٥
‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ووﻟﺪت‬ ‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪواﺋﺮ‬ ‫وﻣﻔﺎﺗﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﻟﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﺟﺒﺮ‬Shannon١٩٣٧
‫ﻇﮭﺮت‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺔ‬Shannon١٩٣٨
‫ﻇﮭﺮ‬‫اول‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬digital
‫واﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﺖ‬‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮﻏﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺎﻣﺎت‬(Anta scoff , Berry & corny)ABC
١٩٣٩
‫ﻇﮭﻮر‬‫ﻟﻼﻏﺮاض‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اول‬Z- 3‫اﻟﻤﺜﻘﺒﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﻼم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﻤﺖ‬
Konrad Zuse١٩٤١
‫ﻇﮭﺮت‬‫اول‬‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬‫اﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰى‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬
)‫اﻟﺠﻨﺴﯿﺔ‬(
١٩٤٣
‫ﻇﮭﺮ‬‫اول‬‫ﺣ‬‫اﻣﺮﯾﻜﻰ‬ ‫ﺎﺳﺐ‬Mark١٩٤٤
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

6. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٦
‫ﺗﻌﺪﯾﻞ‬Mark1- Mark11‫اﻟﻌﻄﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﯾﻜﺘﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻨﺔ‬Mark١٩٤٥
ENIAC
ENIAC
Mauchly
ABCENIAC
ENIAC
John MauchlyJ. Presper
Eckert
١٩٤٦
William ShockleyWalter Bratton
John Bardeenr
Core memory
Whirl
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

7. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٧
wind
comput
er
‫ﯾﻮﻧﯿﻔﺎك‬UNIVAC :
‫آﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫أﺷﮭﺮ‬‫اﻟﺘ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات‬ ‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫وﺷﺮﯾﻂ‬ ‫ﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺔ‬‫ﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﯿﺴﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮة‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ذو‬‫اﻟﺤﺮب‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫وإﯾﻜﺮت‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻛﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫وﺗﺨﺰﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻹدﺧﺎل‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﯿﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣﺮﯾﻜﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮة‬ ‫دھﺸﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺘﮫ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻔﺮغ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﺋﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻨﺒﺆ‬‫ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﺎت‬1952‫ﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎز‬ ‫أن‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬ ‫وﻇﻦ‬ ‫م‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔ‬‫وﻟﻜﻨﮫ‬ ‫ﻜﯿﺮ‬‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻔﺮات‬ ‫إﻟﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬
UNIVAC
‫اﺳﺎس‬‫اﻟﻤﺼﻐﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﺮة‬Microprogramming‫دﻟﯿﻞ‬ ‫وھﻰ‬‫اﻟﺘﺼﻤﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻦ‬ًWilkes
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬‫اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫وﺳﻤﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻏﺮاض‬ ‫ذات‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮاﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮر‬Tropic
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

8. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٨
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻇﮭﺮ‬‫اول‬
IBMIBMRAMAC
IBM
MANIC I
Jack KilbyRobert NoyceIC
Texas Instrumentchip
Jack
Kilby
Robert
Noyce
IC
Texas
Instru
ment
chip
Bell TelephoneBell Labs
PDP-1
Bell
Labs
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

9. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1٩
Digital EquipmentPDP-1
CompilerPDP-1
Digital EquipmentPDP-1
Hopper
Cobol
Laser
Sketch pad
Douglas Englbart
ASCII
ASCII
Digital Equipment
PCs
Intel
Gordon MoorRobert NoyceIntel
Gordo
n Moor
Robert
Noyce
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

10. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١٠
H316ARPAnet
Honey Well
Honey
Well
Intel
Bell Labs
Bowmar
Niklaus Wirth
Hearsay
CTraf-O-
Date
Ray Tomlinson
Bell LabsC
HP-35
Hamilton WatchPulsar
LED
Paul AllenBill GatesTraf-O-Date
Ray
Tomlin
son
CP/M
Gary KendallCP/M
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

11. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١١
AltairMicrosoft
Altair
CPM
CPMGary Kildall
IBM
Apple II
Apple IIAppleApple II
VisiCalc
Dan BricklinBob FrankstonVisiCalc
Spreadsheets
Hyper
Tim Berners-LeeEnquire Within
Upon Everything
IBM PC
IBMIBM PCPC-Dos
Intel 8088
Osborne Computer
Osborne1
LisaIBM
Andrew FlugelmanPC-TalkShareware
Andre
w
Flugel
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

12. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١٢
man
WordMS-Dos2PC-XT
Dos 1.0
MS Dos 2
IBM PC AT
Compact Discs , CDs
John Scully
Mac OSDX
Desk Pro 386 Compaq
Windows / 386
World WideDX486
Tim Berners-LeeWorld Wide
HTML
httpWWW
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

13. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١٣
CERN
CERN
Linus ZimmermanLinuxUnix
Windows 3.1
Mosaic
NCSAMosaic 1.0
Office95Windows95Pentium ProDVD
Pentium Pro
DVDII
DVD
Apple Bonding Blue iMacWindows 98
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.

14. ‫اﻵﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬
‫اﻋﺪاد‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎھﺞ‬/‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺎذ‬ ‫اﺷﺮاف‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﺑﺮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﻤﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﺎء‬/‫اﻟﻨﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺣﺖ‬Page1١٤
iMac
PIII
Iomega
Zip DriveDVD
Windows2000P4
P4
CD-RW
DVD
Nanotechnology
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software
http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only.