1. 1

2. The name "United
Nations", coined by United
States President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, was first used in
the "Declaration by United
Nations" of 1 January 1942,
during the Second World
War, when representatives
of 26 nations pledged their
governments to continue
fighting together against the
Axis Powers.

3. Brief History of United Nations Organization
The forerunner of the
United Nations was the
League of Nations, an
organization conceived in
similar circumstances during
the First World War, and
established in 1919 under
the Treaty of Versailles "to
promote international
cooperation and to achieve
peace and security."

4. In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco
at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to
draw up the United Nations Charter. Those delegates deliberated on
the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China,
the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at
Dumbarton Oaks, United States, in August-October 1944. The
Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the
50 countries. Poland, which was not represented at the Conference,
signed it later and became one of the original 51 member states.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24
October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France,
the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and a
majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24
October each year.

5. The United Nations
is an international
organization founded in
1945 after the Second
World War by 51 countries
committed to maintaining
international peace and
security, developing friendly
relations among nations and
promoting social progress,
better living standards and
human rights.
The UN was founded on 24 October 1945

6. Due to its unique
international character, and
the powers vested in its
founding Charter, the
Organization can take
action on a wide range of
issues, and provide a forum
for its 193 Member States to
express their views, through
the General Assembly, the
Security Council, the
Economic and Social
Council and other bodies
and committees.
The UN has 193 Members States.

7. There are currently more than
100,000 UN peacekeepers in 16
peace operations.
The work of the United Nations
reaches every corner of the globe. Although
best known for peacekeeping, peace building,
conflict prevention and humanitarian
assistance, there are many other ways the
United Nations and its System (specialized
agencies, funds and programs) affect our lives
and make the world a better place. The
Organization works on a broad range of
fundamental issues, from sustainable
development, environment and refugees
protection, disaster relief, counter terrorism,
disarmament and non-proliferation, to
promoting democracy, human rights, gender
equality and the advancement of women,
governance, economic and social development
and international health, clearing landmines,
expanding food production, and more, in order
to achieve its goals and coordinate efforts for a
safer world for this and future generations.

8. Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian
and Spanish are the UN official
languages.
The UN has 4 main purposes
To keep peace throughout the
world;
To develop friendly relations
among nations;
To help nations work together to
improve the lives of poor people,
to conquer hunger, disease and
illiteracy, and to encourage
respect for each other’s rights
and freedoms;
To be a center for harmonizing
the actions of nations to achieve
these goals.

10. The General Assembly is
the main deliberative,
policymaking and representative
organ of the United Nations.
Comprising all 193 Members of
the United Nations, it provides a
unique forum for multilateral
discussion of the full spectrum of
international issues covered by
the Charter. The Assembly meets
in regular session intensively from
September to December each
year, and thereafter as required.H. E. Mr. Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser
President of the 66th session of the
General Assembly of the United Nations

11. Consider and make recommendations on
the general principles of cooperation for
maintaining international peace and
security, including disarmament;
Discuss any question relating to
international peace and security and,
except where a dispute or situation is
currently being discussed by the Security
Council, make recommendations on it;
Discuss, with the same exception, and
make recommendations on any
questions within the scope of the Charter
or affecting the powers and functions of
any organ of the United Nations;
Functions and powers of the General Assembly
The issue of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea was
raised by several West African officials at the
66th General Assembly annual general debate in
New York.

12. Initiate studies and make
recommendations to promote
international political cooperation, the
development and codification of
international law, the realization of
human rights and fundamental freedoms,
and international collaboration in the
economic, social, humanitarian, cultural,
educational and health fields;
Make recommendations for the peaceful
settlement of any situation that might
impair friendly relations among nations;
Receive and consider reports from the
Security Council and other United
Nations organs;
Functions and powers of the General Assembly
Water levels are receding in Pacific islands

13. Consider and approve the United Nations budget and establish the financial
assessments of Member States;
Elect the non-permanent members of the Security Council and the members of
other United Nations councils and organs and, on the recommendation of the
Security Council, appoint the Secretary-General.
Functions and powers of the General Assembly
Peacekeepers protect
women in rural areas of
Darfur

15. The Security Council has primary
responsibility, under the Charter, for the
maintenance of international peace and
security. It is so organized as to be able to
function continuously, and a representative
of each of its members must be present at all
times at United Nations Headquarters. On 31
January 1992, the first ever Summit Meeting
of the Council was convened at
Headquarters, attended by Heads of State
and Government of 13 of its 15 members
and by the Ministers for Foreign Affairs of the
remaining two. The Council may meet
elsewhere than at Headquarters; in 1972, it
held a session in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and
the following year in Panama City, Panama.
Dr. Goodluck Ebele Jonathan,
President of Nigeria
October 2011 President of the Security
Council of the United Nations

16. to maintain international peace and
security in accordance with the
principles and purposes of the United
Nations;
to investigate any dispute or situation
which might lead to international friction;
to recommend methods of adjusting
such disputes or the terms of
settlement;
to formulate plans for the establishment
of a system to regulate armaments;
to determine the existence of a threat to
the peace or act of aggression and to
recommend what action should be
taken;
Functions and powers of the Security Council
The issue of piracy in the Gulf of Guinea was
raised by several West African officials at the
66th General Assembly annual general debate in
New York.

17. to call on Members to apply economic
sanctions and other measures not
involving the use of force to prevent or
stop aggression;
to take military action against an
aggressor;
to recommend the admission of new
Members;
to exercise the trusteeship functions of
the United Nations in "strategic areas";
to recommend to the General
Assembly the appointment of
the Secretary-General and, together
with the Assembly, to elect the Judges
of the International Court of Justice.
Functions and powers of the Security Council
UN Peacekeepers serving with joint United
Nations-African Union Mission (UNAMID) in
Darfur

19. ECOSOC was established
under the United Nations Charter as the
principal organ to coordinate economic,
social, and related work of the 14 UN
specialized agencies, functional
commissions and five regional
commissions. The Council also receives
reports from 11 UN funds and programs.
The Economic and Social Council
(ECOSOC) serves as the central forum
for discussing international economic
and social issues, and for formulating
policy recommendations addressed to
Member States and the United Nations
system.
H.E. Mr. Lazarous Kapambwe
President of ECOSOC 2011

20. promoting higher standards of living, full employment, and
economic and social progress;
identifying solutions to international economic, social and health
problems;
facilitating international cultural and educational cooperation; and
encouraging universal respect for human rights and fundamental
freedoms.
Responsibilities of ECOSOC

25. The Trusteeship Council suspended operation
on 1 November 1994, with the independence of Palau,
the last remaining United Nations trust territory, on 1
October 1994. By a resolution adopted on 25 May
1994, the Council amended its rules of procedure to
drop the obligation to meet annually and agreed to
meet as occasion required -- by its decision or the
decision of its President, or at the request of a majority
of its members or the General Assembly or the
Security Council.
Status

26. Background
In setting up an International Trusteeship System, the Charter
established the Trusteeship Council as one of the main organs of the
United Nations and assigned to it the task of supervising the
administration of Trust Territories placed under the Trusteeship
System. Major goals of the System were to promote the advancement
of the inhabitants of Trust Territories and their progressive
development towards self-government or independence. The
Trusteeship Council is made up of the five permanent members of the
Security Council --China, France, Russian Federation, United
Kingdom and United States. The aims of the Trusteeship System
have been fulfilled to such an extent that all Trust Territories have
attained self-government or independence, either as separate States
or by joining neighboring independent countries.

27. Under the Charter, the Trusteeship Council is
authorized to examine and discuss reports from the
Administering Authority on the political, economic,
social and educational advancement of the peoples of
Trust Territories and, in consultation with the
Administering Authority, to examine petitions from and
undertake periodic and other special missions to Trust
Territories.
Functions and Powers

29. President Hisashi Owada
President of the Court
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the
principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). It
was established in June 1945 by the Charter of the
United Nations and began work in April 1946.
The seat of the Court is at the Peace Palace
in The Hague (Netherlands). Of the six principal organs
of the United Nations, it is the only one not located in
New York (United States of America).
The Court’s role is to settle, in accordance
with international law, legal disputes submitted to it by
States and to give advisory opinions on legal questions
referred to it by authorized United Nations organs and
specialized agencies.
The Court is composed of 15 judges, who
are elected for terms of office of nine years by the
United Nations General Assembly and the Security
Council. It is assisted by a Registry, its administrative
organ. Its official languages are English and French.

31. The Secretariat — an international staff working in duty
stations around the world — carries out the diverse day-to-
day work of the Organization. It services the other principal
organs of the United Nations and administers the programs
and policies laid down by them. At its head is the Secretary-
General, who is appointed by the General Assembly on the
recommendation of the Security Council for a five-year,
renewable term.
The duties carried out by the Secretariat are as
varied as the problems dealt with by the United Nations.
These range from administering peacekeeping operations
to mediating international disputes, from surveying
economic and social trends and problems to preparing
studies on human rights and sustainable development.
Secretariat staff also inform the world's communications
media about the work of the United Nations; organize
international conferences on issues of worldwide concern;
and interpret speeches and translate documents into the
Organization's official languages.
As of 30 June 2010, the Secretariat had some
44,000 staff members around the world1.
By: Colina, Kevin