Spatial Context 151208

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This is a short presentation on my more recent work on area effects and spatial context, in relation to England and the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2007 - a small area deprivation measure.

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Isolated Entities or Integrated Neighbourhoods? An Alternative Approach to the Measurement of Deprivation Dr. Alasdair Rae Department of Town and Regional Planning University of Sheffield

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

1. Introduction Liverpool London ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The geography of deprivation in England ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],North West South East

2. The issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],‘ Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things’, Tobler, 1970, 236

The issue of ‘area effects’ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],‘ neighbourhoods have a strong and independent effect upon the well-being and life chances of individuals’ Blasius et al ., 2007, 627 ‘ in studies of within neighbourhood effects, no interaction occurs among the neighbourhoods; that is, the neighbourhood possesses no spillover characteristics. Thus, neighbourhoods with identical characteristics but dissimilar neighbouring neighbourhoods are considered equivalent’ Dietz, 2002, 541

Spatial units of analysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

3. The approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Spatial weights derived for 403, 805 and 1609 metres Distance k-nearest Spatial weights derived for 4, 8 and 16 nearest

English IMD 2004 (Moran’s I : 0.6853) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

4. Findings ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Note any pattern in LSOA column? But, no local component – refinement needed

Now each neighbourhood given a weight (based on first order contiguity)

LISA Approach – Spatial Context Typology Large regional variations in the spatial context of deprivation Manchester and Surrounding Districts IMD Score Relationship Spatial Context Classification Most Deprived 20% (6,496) High-High Enclosed deprivation 3,172 Low-Low Enclosed affluence 0 Low-High Isolated affluence 7 High-Low Isolated deprivation 54 Not Significant Variable 3,263

5. Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Next Steps http://undertheraedar.blogspot.com ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Spatial Context 151208

1. Isolated Entities or Integrated Neighbourhoods? An Alternative Approach to the Measurement of Deprivation Dr. Alasdair Rae Department of Town and Regional Planning University of Sheffield

9. Spatial weights derived for 403, 805 and 1609 metres Distance k-nearest Spatial weights derived for 4, 8 and 16 nearest

10.

11.

12. Note any pattern in LSOA column? But, no local component – refinement needed

13. Now each neighbourhood given a weight (based on first order contiguity)

14. LISA Approach – Spatial Context Typology Large regional variations in the spatial context of deprivation Manchester and Surrounding Districts IMD Score Relationship Spatial Context Classification Most Deprived 20% (6,496) High-High Enclosed deprivation 3,172 Low-Low Enclosed affluence 0 Low-High Isolated affluence 7 High-Low Isolated deprivation 54 Not Significant Variable 3,263

15.

16.

Spatial Context 151208

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