Network of Excellence Internet Science Summer School. The theme of the summer school is "Internet Privacy and Identity, Trust and Reputation Mechanisms". More information: http://www.internet-science.eu/

1. Dimensions
of
Iden,ty,
Trust
&
Privacy
as
Socio-­‐Cultural
&
Psychological
Phenomena
16
August
2012
Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Computer
Laboratory
Cambridge
University

2. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Introduc,on
Overview
Focus
¤ The
dynamics
of
iden/ty.
¤ Iden/ty:
The
backdrop
for
trust
¤ The
contours
of
privacy.
&
privacy.
¤ Changes
in
behaviour
-­‐
digital
¤ The
phenomena
of
trust.
experiences.
¤ A
digital
world:
shi;ing
contexts,
¤ Psycogni/on:
A
socio-­‐cultural
no/ons
&
defini/ons.
systemic
perspec/ve
of
behaviours.
¤ Digital
enigmata.
¤ Subconscious
processes
driving
¤ A
cogni/ve
architecture.
behaviours.
2

3.
Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Forma,on
of
Iden,ty
Model
of
Organisa,on
of
Experience
Realms
Presence
&
Belonging
Who
Am
I?
Who
I
am.
Rela,onship
Contribu,on
3

4. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Dimensions
of
Iden,ty
Dynamic
Feedback
Loop
Time
Con,nuum
Internal
External
Process
Who
Process
am
I?
Iden,ty:
Accumula,ve
Over
Time
Explora,on
Who
I
was
Who
I
am
Who
I
can
be
Who
of
I
am
P
ast
Present
Future
Con%nual
Realms
Search
for
Iden%ty
Add
Data
Focus
of
Subtract
Collec,on
Iden,ty
Search
Content
4

5. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Dynamic
Tension
of
Iden,ty
5

6. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Dynamic
Tension
–
A
Dilemma
6

7. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Contours
of
Privacy
Cultural
Socio-­‐
Protect
Confessional
Retreat
Informa,on
Nego,ate
§ Relax
§ Collec/on
§ Universal*
§ Open
Kimono
§ Concealment
§ Off-­‐load
§ Autonomy
§ Unauthorised
use
§ Cultural
&
§ ‘Honesty’
§ Secrets
§ Purifica/on
§ Escape
§ Incorrect
Social
Contexts
§ Revela/on
§ Lies
§ Clean
Slate
§ Self-­‐Evalua/on
§ Modified
§ Social
rules:*
Game
§ Anonymous
§ Iden/ty
&
§ Inaccurate
§ Respect:
key
§ Collateral
Individuality*
§ CFIP
rela/onships
*Altman
1977
*Altman
1975
*Smith
et
al
1996
*Argyle
et
al
1985
*Wes/n
1967
7

8. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Psychological
Contour
of
Privacy
Core
Privacy
Func,ons
Privacy
Behaviours
¤ Inherent
in
human
nature.*
¤ Control
&
Regulate
¤ Personal
Autonomy
¤ Contextual
&
Situa,onal
¤ Protec,on
¤ Back-­‐Stage
–
Front-­‐Stage*
¤ Hide
&
Escape
¤ Islands
of
Privacy*
¤ Iden,ty
Preserva,on
*Erving
Goffman
*
Schneier
*Christena
Nippert-­‐Eng
8

9. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
The
Phenomenon
of
Trust
Objec,ve
uncertainty
transformed
into
subjec,ve
certainty.*
TRUST
TRUST
TRUST
IDENTITY
PRIVACY
Goal:
Expecta,on
of
individual
&
simultaneous
coopera,on.*
*Luhmann
1973
*Pruia/Kimmel
1977
9

10. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Trust
Heuris,cs
Psycogni,ve
Contextual
Behaviours
¤ Biological
programming.
¤ Interdependence.
¤ Trust
default
–
manages
¤ Friendship-­‐based.
complexity.*
¤ Social
currency.
¤ Innate
longing
for
rela,onship.
¤ Calculus-­‐Iden,fica,on
process.*
¤ Dynamic
tension:
desire
&
fear.
¤ Levels:
rela,onal,
generalised,
abstract
systems.*
¤ Predicated
on
core
belief
systems
&
cultural
norms.
*Lewicki
&
Wiethoff
2000
*Luhmann
1973
*Bierhoff
&
Vornefeld
2004
10

11. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Shi^ing
Context:
Binary
to
Digital
IDENTITY
Dynamic
Tension
Who
am
I?
Where
am
I?
Where
do
I
belong?
A
Digital
Eclipse?
IDENTITY
CONSTRUCTION
The
Themes
How?
Where?
By
Whom?
TRUST
§
Ques,ons
§
Tension
Why?
What?
Whom?
§
Choice
PRIVACY
§
Control
Choices
What?
To
Whom?
How?
11

12. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Shi^ing
No,ons
of
Iden,ty
² Speed
Organisa,on
Temporal
² Mul/plicity
² Timelessness
Rapid
of
Spa,al
² Invisibility
² Intersec/on
Expansion
of
² Collapsing
Experience
Boundlessness
² Invincibility
Realms
² Convergence
AXES
OF
IDENTITY
Dynamic
² Content
Dynamic
Desire:
Fear:
² The;
Tension
² Connect
² Abused
Tension
More
² Communicate
Diminishment
² Exposure
Now
² Protect
² Con/nuous
Construc,on
² Accelera/ng
² Infinite
possibili/es
Spiral
Fluidity
² Freedom
Process
² Decreasing
Process
² Increasing
² Anonymity
12

13. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Integral
Perspec,ve
SUBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
PSYCOGNITIVE
BEHAVIOURAL
New
Rules
of
Construc,on
Construc,on
Erase
&
Reinvent
Add
-­‐Subtract
IDENTITY
Disembodiment
Feedback
Loop
Masking
Exploratory
Dynamic
Tension
Search
Power
of
Choice
Ques,oning
Freedom
CORE
Innate
Basic
need
TRUST
Brain
Wiring
Choice
&
Control
PRIVACY
Dumbing
Down
Disclosure
Push
Privacy
Paradox
Social
Currency
Privacy
Train
Wreck
Closing
trust
gap
End
of
Anonymity
New
Heuris,cs
INTER-­‐SUBJECTIVE
INTER-­‐OBJECTIVE
Digital
Breadcrumbs
CULTURAL
SOCIO-­‐SYSTEMIC
13

14. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Digital
Enigmata
¤ Iden,ty:
§ The
core
of
the
human
existen,al
ques,oning
&
search
for
iden,ty
&
place
in
the
world
remains.
§ The
axes
of
iden,ty
are
impacted
by
velocity
&
virtual
realms
which
appear
to
be
strengthening
the
core.
§ Manifesta,on
behaviours
are
transforma,ve
at
several
levels
&
possibly
are
transitory
in
nature.
§ Will
the
core
of
the
human
psyche
shi^
in
the
midst
of
rapidly
expanding
digital
domains,
digital
rela,onships,
behaviours
&
intrusions?
14

15. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Digital
Enigmata
¤ Trust
§ An
interrup,on
of
the
trust
cycle
occurs
through
a
closing
of
the
distrust-­‐trust
gap.
§ The
redefini,on
of
social
currency
leads
to
trustworthy
behaviours,
thus
fostering
trust
online.
§ The
innate
propensity
to
trust
is
triggered
&
s,mulated
by
online
interac,ons.
§ Will
a
specific
dimension
of
Internet
trust
emerge?
15

16. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Digital
Enigmata
¤ Privacy
§ A
privacy
conspiracy
clashes
with
user
ambiguity
&
naivety
-­‐
ignorance.
§ With
the
strengthening
of
online
trust,
will
privacy
take
on
a
new
dimension
with
a
clear
defini,on
in
online
domains?
§ A
lack
of
privacy
has
become
a
social
norm.
What
other
new
social
norms
could
arise
from
socio-­‐cultural
psychological
‘aberra,ons’?
§ What
is
the
future
of
privacy?
Will
the
‘virtual’
transcend
the
need
for
privacy?
16

17. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
16/08/2012
Psycogni,ve
Layered
Architecture
EXTERNAL
SOCIO-­‐SYSTEMIC
DOMAIN
Digital
Behaviours
INTERNAL
PSYCOGNITIVE
DOMAIN
Digital
Presence
Rela,onship
Digital
Domains
Quest
Belonging
Subconscious
Contribu,on
Ques,oning
Condi,ons
&
Core
Belief
Systems
Impacts
on
core
Iden,ty
human
condi,on
Crea,on
Iden,ty
Privacy
&
Trust
Ac,ng
Act
Digital
Experiences
17

18. Dr.
Karmen
Guevara
Thursday,
16
August
2012
Broadening
of
Frameworks
Psycogni,on
Digital
¤ Frameworks
for
understanding
A
Systemic
the
systemic
co-­‐evolu/on
of
the
Understanding
Internet
within
socio-­‐cultural
Psycogni/ve
dimensions.
¤ Frameworks
for
understanding
the
core
root
of
emerging
digital
behaviours.
Social
Cultural
18