Serendipity in Linked Open Data

Chasing Serendipity with Linked Open Data

Rob Stewart, Jamie Forth & Diana Bental

Members of the SerenA development team

27th June, 2012

Chasing Serendipity with Linked Open Data Rob Stewart, Jamie Forth & Diana Bental 1 / 32

SerenA
Project vision

“The vision of the SerenA project is to transform
research processes by proactively creating surprising
connection opportunities. We will deliver novel
technologies, methods and evaluation techniques for
supporting serendipitous interactions in the research
arena.”


Introductions
Design team

Human factors team

Dev team


Aims of the workshop

Introduce the basic concepts of the Semantic Web.

Creating a semantic user proﬁle.

Introduce and explore Linked Open Data.


SerenA
A web of connectivity

Where might SerenA ﬁnd information about
Places
Universities
Researchers
Research domains
. . . “Things”
To connect people with pertinent and interesting ideas
. . . and to each other through pathways of related areas


SerenA
A web of connectivity

Where might SerenA ﬁnd information about
Places
Universities
Researchers
Research domains
. . . “Things”
To connect people with pertinent and interesting ideas
. . . and to each other through pathways of related areas

The web!

The worlds largest distributed information resource
Evolving to become more meaningfully connected

Evolution of the WWW


The World Wide Web
Legacy web

<html>
<body>
<h1>About me</h1>
This is a page describing me.

<h2>My Interests</h2>
<li> Football
<li> Computer science
<li> Jazz funk
</body>
</html>

A distributed network of connected documents
<html> jargon web browser rendering
× Not machine readable
× . . . Lacks deeper meaning


SerenA
WWW forecast


The Semantic Web


The Semantic Web
Principles

Building blocks are very simple!
Describing resources with Resource Description Framework
Subject the resource being described
Property denotes traits or aspects of a resource
Object the associated resource


The Semantic Web
Principles

Building blocks are very simple!
Describing resources with Resource Description Framework
Subject the resource being described
Property denotes traits or aspects of a resource
Object the associated resource
e.g.

<Joe Bloggs> age "40"
<Joe Bloggs> friend <Harry Hill>
<Hary Hill> location <Edinburgh>


The Semantic Web
Terminology


The Semantic Web
Principles

Unique Resource Identifier’s represent things
http://www.serena.ac.uk/users/robstewart

The same thing can have many URIs.

The same thing can have different names in different data
sources.
http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rs46/rob
https://www.twitter.com/!#/robstewartUK


The Semantic Web
Terminology


The Semantic Web
Semantic interlinking

RDF on Rob’s home page
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .

<http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rs46/rob> a foaf:Person;
foaf:depiction <http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rs46/images/headshot.jpg>;
foaf:name "Rob Stewart";
foaf:topic_interest <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Semantic_web> .

RDF available from Twitter
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .

<https://www.twitter.com/!#/robstewartUK>
rdfs:comment "Tweets about GNU and FOSS, but mostly Real Ale";
foaf:based_near <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Edinburgh> .


The Semantic Web
Semantic inference

We can link these together using owl:sameAs.
owl:sameAs
owl:sameAs

Some basic reasoning
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .

<http://www.serena.ac.uk/users/robstewart> a foaf:Person;
rdfs:comment "Tweets about GNU and FOSS, but mostly Real Ale";
foaf:based_near <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Edinburgh>;
foaf:depiction <http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rs46/images/headshot.jpg>;
foaf:name "Rob Stewart";
foaf:topic_interest <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Semantic_web> .


RDF Authoring


RDF Authoring
Discover me semantically

A web tool that enables RDF authorship

Encourages the use of URIs with auto-completion

Provides the ability to
Download your RDF to ﬁle
Visualize your RDF connected to linked open data


RDF Authoring


Discover me Semantically
Go play

http://serena.macs.hw.ac.uk/serena/discover-me-semantically/


Linked Open Data
What is it?

Linked Open Data is real data
published according to Semantic Web
principles.


Linked Open Data
What is it?

Europeana: example LOD service provider.

An EU funded project to produce a multi-lingual online
collection of millions of digitised items from European
museums, libraries, archives and multi-media collections.

. . . video by Europeana http://vimeo.com/36752317


Linked Open Data
What is it?
Linked
LOV User Slideshare tags2con
Audio
Feedback 2RDF delicious
Moseley Scrobbler Bricklink Sussex
Folk (DBTune) Reading St.
GTAA
Magna- Lists Andrews
Klapp-
tune stuhl- Resource NTU
DB club Lists Resource
Tropes Lotico Semantic yovisto
John Music Man- Lists
Music Tweet chester
Hellenic Peel Brainz NDL
(DBTune) (Data Brainz Reading
subjects
FBD (zitgist) Lists Open
EUTC Incubator) Linked
Hellenic Library Open t4gm
Produc- Crunch-
PD Surge RDF info
tions
Discogs base Library
Radio Ontos Source Code
Crime ohloh Plymouth (Talis)
(Data News LEM
Ecosystem Reading RAMEAU
Reports business Incubator)
Crime data.gov. Portal Linked Data Lists SH
UK Music Jamendo
(En- uk
Brainz (DBtune) LinkedL
Ox AKTing) FanHubz gnoss ntnusc
(DBTune) SSW CCN
Points Thesau-
Last.FM Poké- Thesaur
Popula- artists pédia Didactal us rus W LIBRIS
tion (En- (DBTune) Last.FM ia theses. LCSH Rådata
reegle research patents MARC
AKTing) (rdfize) my fr nå!
data.gov. data.go Codes
Ren.
NHS uk v.uk Good- Experi-
Classical List
Energy (En- win flickr ment
(DB Pokedex Family Norwe-
Genera- AKTing) Mortality BBC wrappr Sudoc PSH
Tune) gian
(En-
tors Program MeSH
AKTing) semantic
mes BBC IdRef GND
CO2 educatio OpenEI web.org SW
Energy Sudoc ndlna
Emission n.data.g Music Dog VIAF
EEA (En- Chronic- Linked
(En- ov.uk Portu- Food UB
AKTing) ling Event MDB
AKTing) guese Mann- Europeana
BBC America Media
DBpedia Calames heim
Ord- Recht- Wildlife Deutsche
Open Revyu DDC
Openly spraak. Finder Bio- lobid
Election nance
legislation Local nl RDF graphie
Resources NSZL Swedish
Data Survey Tele- data Ulm
EU New Book
Project data.gov.uk graphis bnf.fr Catalog Open
Insti- York
URI Open Mashup Cultural
tutions Times Greek P20
UK Post- Burner Calais Heritage
codes DBpedia ECS Wiki
statistics lobid
GovWILD data.gov. Taxon iServe South- Organi-
LOIUS BNB
Brazilian
uk Concept ECS ampton sations
Geo World OS BibBase STW GESIS
Poli- ESD South- ECS
Names Fact- (RKB
ticians stan- reference ampton
data.gov.uk book Freebase Explorer) Budapest
dards data.gov. NASA EPrints
uk intervals Project OAI
Lichfield transport (Data DBpedia data
Guten- Pisa
Spen- data.gov. Incu- dcs RESEX Scholaro-
ISTAT ding bator) Fishes berg DBLP DBLP
uk Geo
meter
Immi- Scotland of Texas (FU (L3S)
Pupils & Uberblic DBLP
gration Species Berlin) IRIT
Exams Euro- dbpedia data- (RKB
London TCM ACM
stat lite open- Explorer) NVD
Gazette (FUB) Gene IBM
Traffic Geo ac-uk
Scotland TWC LOGD Eurostat Daily DIT
Linked UN/
Data UMBEL Med ERA
Data LOCODE DEPLOY
Gov.ie CORDIS YAGO New-
lingvoj Disea-
(RKB some SIDER RAE2001 castle LOCAH
CORDIS Explorer) Linked Eurécom
Eurostat Drug CiteSeer Roma
(FUB) Sensor Data
GovTrack (Ontology (Kno.e.sis) Open Bank Pfam Course-
Central) riese Enipedia
Cyc Lexvo LinkedCT ware
Linked PDB
UniProt VIVO
EURES EDGAR dotAC
US SEC Indiana ePrints IEEE
(Ontology totl.net
(rdfabout)
Central) WordNet RISKS
(VUA) Taxono UniProt
US Census EUNIS Twarql HGNC
Semantic Cornetto (Bio2RDF)
(rdfabout) my VIVO
FTS XBRL PRO- ProDom STITCH Cornell LAAS
SITE KISTI NSF
Scotland
Geo- GeoWord LODE
graphy Net WordNet WordNet JISC
(W3C) (RKB
Climbing
Linked Affy- KEGG
SMC Explorer) SISVU Pub VIVO UF
Piedmont GeoData metrix Drug
ECCO-
Finnish Journals PubMed Gene SGD Chem
Munici-
Accomo- El AGROV Ontology TCP Media
dations Alpine bible
palities Viajero OC
Ski ontology
Tourism KEGG
Ocean
Austria
Enzyme PBAC Geographic
Metoffice GEMET ChEMBL
Italian Drilling OMIM KEGG
Weather Open
public Codices AEMET Linked MGI Pathway
schools Forecasts
Data
Open InterPro GeneID Publications
EARTh Thesau- KEGG
Turismo
rus Colors Reaction
de
Zaragoza Product Smart KEGG
User-generated content
Weather DB Link Medi Glycan
Janus Stations Product Care KEGG
AMP UniParc UniRef UniSTS Government
Types Italian
Homolo Com-
Yahoo! Airports Museums pound
Ontology Google
Gene
Geo Art
Planet National
wrapper
Chem2 Cross-domain
Radio- Bio2RDF
activity UniPath
JP Sears Open Linked OGOLOD way
Life sciences
Corpo- Amster- Reactome
dam medu- Open
rates Numbers
Museum cator
As of September 2011


DBpedia
What is it

Extracts structured information from Wikipedia
Links Wikipedia to other semantic datasets on the web
Allows Wikipedia information to be used in new and
interesting ways


Linked Open Data
How do I ﬁnd it?

The Data Hub is a community-maintained catalogue of datasets,
managed by the Open Knowledge Foundation.

http://thedatahub.org/

Of these, the current 327 datasets making up the LOD cloud are
listed here:

http://thedatahub.org/group/lodcloud


Linked Open Data
5* linked data

* Information available on the web under open license

** Information as structured data (e.g. spreadsheets)

*** Non-proprietary formats (e.g. CSV not Excel)

**** URI identiﬁcation allowing other dataset to link to
your data

***** Data linked to other dataset to provide context


The Semantic Web
Terminology


Linked Open Data in the Wild
Linked Geo Data

OpenStreetMap (OSM): The free worldwide map.
http://www.openstreetmap.org/


Linked Open Data in the Wild
Linked Geo Data

OpenStreetMap (OSM): The free worldwide map.
http://www.openstreetmap.org/

Linked Open Data: OSM data as RDF – the canonical
reference for all things spatial.
More than 1 billion resources
100 million ”ways” from OSM
20 billion triples

http://browser.linkedgeodata.org/


Linked Open Data

LOD makes it possible to make connections across heterogeneous
data sources.
Adds value to the data.
Makes data more accessible and meaningful.


Linked Open Data
Visualizations


LOD Visualizations
LodLive

Visual navigation of RDF resources

Users can easily navigate between datasets

Can interlink LOD resources with RDF ﬁles on the web


LOD Visualization
LodLive

e.g.
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dundee
http://goo.gl/ewxa3

Serendipity in Linked Open Data

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