SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 38
Descargar para leer sin conexión
Optimization of a Novel
Photobioreactor Design using
Computational Fluid Dynamics
Abhinav Soman
Department of Biotechnology
VIT University, Vellore

Yogendra Shastri
Department of Chemical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
Algal biofuels: Potential fuel
option with many challenges
 Advantages:
 Higher

yield per unit area

 Productive

land not required

 Compatible

with fresh and saline water

 Challenges:
 High

cost of cultivation and harvesting

 Low

yield requiring significant drying
Closed Photobioreactor (PBR)
cultivation shows promise

Attribute

Open-pond

Photobioreactor

Cost

Low

High

Yield

Low

High

Contamination

High

Low

 Target

yield: 2-3 gm/liters
Several bottlenecks exist in using
a photobioreactor (PBR)
Expensive to build and maintain
High power consumption
Overall efficiency is low
Limitations to scalability
PBR design plays a crucial role
in its performance


Performance parameters of interest:
 Light

penetration

 Hydrodynamics
 Mixing



and settling

Proposal:
 Develop

a novel PBR design

 Develop

a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model

 Compare

the performance of the novel design with
conventional design using CFD
Two promising designs – Air lift
and Flat plate PBR
• Less photoinhibition, even under
high light intensity
• Better liquid flow
• Enhanced gas exchange
• Better irradiation cycle
• Suitable for shear sensitive strains

Courtesy Xu et al. (2009)

• Low surface area to volume ratio
• Strong self shading for poorly
circulated PBRs
• Scale up not economical
Two promising designs – Air lift
and Flat plate PBR
• High surface area to volume
ration
• Lower accumulation of
dissolved oxygen
• Low power consumption
• Good mass transfer
capability

Courtesy Singh and Sharma (2012)

• Photoinhibition likely for
high intensity radiations
• Low photosynthetic
efficiency
• Damage to cells due to
high stress
Proposed design combines the airlift
and flat plate PBR designs
Proposed design combines the airlift
and flat plate PBR designs

Outer body
with flat plates
for better light
intake

Central draft
tube from an
air-lift reactor
Circular air/CO2 sparger located
at the base of the draft tube

Central
draft tube
Sparger
Baffles were added to maintain
flow distribution and consistency
Baffles
Top-view of the proposed PBR
design
Outer
reactor with
flat panel
surface

Baffles for
flow
distribution
Inner draft
tube
Sparger
Rounded corners for the outer
body are used
Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) simulations


Develop a CFD model for a air-lift PBR design
published in literature



Validate the conventional model results using
the CFD model



Adapt the CFD model for the proposed novel
design



Compare the simulation results of the
conventional and novel design
CFD Model Development and
Validation


Air-lift model studied by Luo and AL-Dahan (2011)
Outer tube:
• Height: 1.13 m
• Diameter: 0.13 m
Inner tube:
• Height: 1.05 m
• Diameter: 0.09 m

Boundary Conditions:
• Inlet : Superficial gas velocity –
1cm/s
• Incident radiation : 50 W/m2
• Outlet : Pressure outlet
Courtesy : Luo and AlDahan (2011)

Geometry used
for FLUENT
simulation
CFD Model Details
• 3D steady state simulation with coarse griding
• Flow Modelling: Eulerian –Eulerian multiphase
modelling
• Turbulence Modelling : Standard k-ɛ model
with mixture multiphase model
• Drag Force : Schiller-Naumann drag correlation
• Irradiation simulation: Discrete Ordinates Model
(DO)
• Particle trajectory tracking : Discrete Phase
Modelling (DPM)
The observations reported in Luo and AlDahan (2011) were reproduced reasonably

Slight deviations were probably due to a different drag model
The CFD model was used to
simulate the novel design
Dimensions of the novel design were varied
to determine the “optimal” set of dimensions
No.

Value

1

Outer cuboid
height (m)

1.13

2
Parameters varied:
• Width
• Height
• Top clearance
• Bottom clearance

Property

Inner draft tube
height (m)
“Width” (m)

1.05

4

Draft tube inner
diameter (m)

0.09

5

Side length of the 0.10
outer cuboid
casing (m)

3

0.18
“Width” had a significant
impact on the gas holdup
“Width” had a significant impact
on the irradiance

Good irradiance history for small
width (2 cm)
Particle trapped in the
concentric space due to higher
width (6 cm)
Optimized design was determined
based on the simulation results
Property

Value

Outer cuboid
height (m)

1.15

Inner draft tube
height (m)
“Width” (m)

1.05

Draft tube inner
diameter (m)

0.09

Top and bottom
clearance (m)

0.05

0.02
Irradiance history and gas hold-up
showed desirable values for the
optimized design
Contours of
gas holdup

Contours of
incident
radiation

Contours of
axial liquid
velocity

Velocity vectors for Air
Conclusions


The novel design has better light/dark cycling
patterns for algal cells.



A higher superficial gas velocity must be to
achieve higher gas holdup and turbulent
kinetic energy



Additional simulations with algal growth kinetics
needed
References


Hu-Ping Luo, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan.(2011). Verification and validation of
CFD simulations for local flow dynamics in a draft tube airlift
bioreactor, Chemical Engineering Science. 66: 907-923.



Ling Xu, Pamela J. Weathers, Xue-Rong Xiong, Chun-Zhao Liu. (2009)
Microalgal bioreactors: Challenges and opportunities, Eng. Life Sci. 3: 178–
189.



O. Pulz. (2001). Photobioreactors: production systems for phototrophic
microorganisms, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 57: 287–293.



Aditya M. Kunjapur and R. Bruce Eldridge.( 2010), Photobioreactor Design
for Commercial Biofuel Production from Microalgae, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
49: 3516–3526.



R.N. Singh, Shaishav Sharma.(2012). Development of suitable
photobioreactor for algae production – A review, Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 4, 2347-2353
Thank You !
yshastri@iitb.ac.in
Why Microalgae ?

Courtesy: Chisti, 2007
Comparison between the two systems

Courtesy : Xu et al., 2009
Air-lift model studied by Luo and ALDahan (2011)
•

Unstructured tetrahedral mesh was generated comprising
68864 elements

•

The bubble diameter was set 0.005 m (Simcik et al., 2011)

•

Air inlet velocity of 0.38 m/s in the axial direction

•

Air volume fraction was set to 0.5

•

Simulation was initialized with 0.01 volume fraction and 0.01
m/s air inlet velocity

•

Single wavelength region (400 nm to 700 nm) for DO model

•

Water refractive index was set to 1.34 and absorbtion
coefficient was set to 0.3

•

Surface injection was used to inject 44 particles from the inlet
surface that mimic the microalgae size (5 µm) and neutral
buoyancy (998 g/m3)
Simulations performed:
151 shastri
“Width” had a significant impact
on the axial liquid velocity
Height variations did not impact
the performance much
Top clearance did not impact the
performance much
Unstructured
mesh
Outer walls
that receive
radiation
from light
source.
Velocity Vectors of liquid

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanc
Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performancDefining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanc
Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanckyrilluskameel
 
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young Professionals
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young ProfessionalsCase Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young Professionals
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young ProfessionalsSergio A. Guerra
 
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Models
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion ModelsAWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Models
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Modelsmtingle
 
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATES
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATESAERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATES
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATESSergio A. Guerra
 
86202013
8620201386202013
86202013IJRAT
 
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 Designations
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 DesignationsComplying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 Designations
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 DesignationsSergio A. Guerra
 

La actualidad más candente (10)

Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanc
Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performancDefining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanc
Defining targets for_adsorbent_material_performanc
 
PRIME2 Model Evaluation
PRIME2 Model EvaluationPRIME2 Model Evaluation
PRIME2 Model Evaluation
 
DesignPortfolio
DesignPortfolioDesignPortfolio
DesignPortfolio
 
172 v. kumar
172 v. kumar172 v. kumar
172 v. kumar
 
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young Professionals
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young ProfessionalsCase Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young Professionals
Case Studies in Air Dispersion Modeling for Young Professionals
 
H012516671
H012516671H012516671
H012516671
 
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Models
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion ModelsAWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Models
AWMA Presentation Application of Two State-of-the-art Dispersion Models
 
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATES
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATESAERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATES
AERMOD CHANGES AND UPDATES
 
86202013
8620201386202013
86202013
 
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 Designations
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 DesignationsComplying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 Designations
Complying with EPA's Guidance for SO2 Designations
 

Destacado

Chlorella vulgaris
Chlorella vulgarisChlorella vulgaris
Chlorella vulgarisDewi Dm
 
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentation
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentationMay 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentation
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentationJoseph Barnes
 
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...Joseph Barnes
 
Types of Bioreactors / Fermenters
Types of Bioreactors / FermentersTypes of Bioreactors / Fermenters
Types of Bioreactors / Fermentersajithnandanam
 

Destacado (7)

Chlorella new pro
Chlorella new proChlorella new pro
Chlorella new pro
 
Chlorella vulgaris
Chlorella vulgarisChlorella vulgaris
Chlorella vulgaris
 
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentation
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentationMay 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentation
May 2015 c. vulgaris to biofuel presentation
 
Amoeba & chlorella
Amoeba & chlorellaAmoeba & chlorella
Amoeba & chlorella
 
Photobioreactor
PhotobioreactorPhotobioreactor
Photobioreactor
 
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...
PowerPoint Presentation for Microalgae Undergraduate Research Project at UPRA...
 
Types of Bioreactors / Fermenters
Types of Bioreactors / FermentersTypes of Bioreactors / Fermenters
Types of Bioreactors / Fermenters
 

Similar a 151 shastri

Computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamicsComputational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamicsZeeshan Inamdar
 
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011cahouser
 
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...Merck Life Sciences
 
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...MilliporeSigma
 
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR Technology
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR TechnologyPreliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR Technology
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR TechnologyKirubanandan Shanmugam
 
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...WALEBUBLÉ
 
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revBKei Yun lau
 
DAAD meeting, Alessandro Carmona
DAAD meeting, Alessandro CarmonaDAAD meeting, Alessandro Carmona
DAAD meeting, Alessandro CarmonaIMDEA-Water
 
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsHeat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
 
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsHeat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsIJERA Editor
 
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...IRJET Journal
 
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptxDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx446shahil28
 
Cornell Computational Chemistry Seminar
Cornell Computational Chemistry SeminarCornell Computational Chemistry Seminar
Cornell Computational Chemistry SeminarGeorge Fitzgerald
 
Development and Performance of Solar based Air Washer
Development and Performance of Solar based Air WasherDevelopment and Performance of Solar based Air Washer
Development and Performance of Solar based Air WasherIRJET Journal
 
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...AEI / Affiliated Engineers
 

Similar a 151 shastri (20)

Computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamicsComputational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics
 
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011
Flywheel Safety - Richard thompson - Jan 2011
 
Solar Energy
Solar EnergySolar Energy
Solar Energy
 
041_Paper.pdf
041_Paper.pdf041_Paper.pdf
041_Paper.pdf
 
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
 
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
Scaling Strategies with Stirred Single-Use Bioreactors from Bench to Clinical...
 
CHED.ppt
CHED.pptCHED.ppt
CHED.ppt
 
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR Technology
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR TechnologyPreliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR Technology
Preliminary Development of Mini-fluidic OFR Technology
 
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...
2018 - CFD simulation of fluid dynamic and biokinetic processes within activa...
 
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB
2016_aerothermal_Lau_revB
 
DAAD meeting, Alessandro Carmona
DAAD meeting, Alessandro CarmonaDAAD meeting, Alessandro Carmona
DAAD meeting, Alessandro Carmona
 
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsHeat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
 
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano FluidsHeat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
Heat Transfer & Periodic Flow Analysis of Heat Exchanger by CFD with Nano Fluids
 
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...
Computational analysis for different characteristics of the circular microcha...
 
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptxDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PARABOLIC COLLECTOR.pptx
 
Cornell Computational Chemistry Seminar
Cornell Computational Chemistry SeminarCornell Computational Chemistry Seminar
Cornell Computational Chemistry Seminar
 
Development and Performance of Solar based Air Washer
Development and Performance of Solar based Air WasherDevelopment and Performance of Solar based Air Washer
Development and Performance of Solar based Air Washer
 
dst2
dst2dst2
dst2
 
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...
To Measure Not Model: Case Study -- Purdue University Center for High Perform...
 
Lab seminar
Lab seminarLab seminar
Lab seminar
 

Más de 4th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research (ICAER) 2013

Más de 4th International Conference on Advances in Energy Research (ICAER) 2013 (20)

329 Kandavel
329 Kandavel329 Kandavel
329 Kandavel
 
260 prashant
260 prashant260 prashant
260 prashant
 
236 rakhi
236 rakhi236 rakhi
236 rakhi
 
103 sudhir
103 sudhir103 sudhir
103 sudhir
 
84 padmini
84 padmini84 padmini
84 padmini
 
360 j. deshpande
360 j. deshpande360 j. deshpande
360 j. deshpande
 
195 b.m. sudaroli
195 b.m. sudaroli195 b.m. sudaroli
195 b.m. sudaroli
 
178 dp & ts
178 dp & ts178 dp & ts
178 dp & ts
 
90 a. kaur
90 a. kaur90 a. kaur
90 a. kaur
 
215 k rahul sharma
215 k rahul sharma215 k rahul sharma
215 k rahul sharma
 
36 sarang
36 sarang36 sarang
36 sarang
 
001 pvthakre
001 pvthakre001 pvthakre
001 pvthakre
 
51 murthy
51 murthy51 murthy
51 murthy
 
302 swapan
302 swapan302 swapan
302 swapan
 
28 saket
28 saket28 saket
28 saket
 
212 aparna
212 aparna212 aparna
212 aparna
 
315 devendra
315 devendra315 devendra
315 devendra
 
303 piyush
303 piyush303 piyush
303 piyush
 
275 pattanaik
275 pattanaik275 pattanaik
275 pattanaik
 
131 sorate
131 sorate131 sorate
131 sorate
 

Último

Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdfPedro Manuel
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemAsko Soukka
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024D Cloud Solutions
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfAijun Zhang
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLRuncy Oommen
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfDianaGray10
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfDaniel Santiago Silva Capera
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxGDSC PJATK
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopBachir Benyammi
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IES VE
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UbiTrack UK
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 

Último (20)

Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdfNanopower  In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
Nanopower In Semiconductor Industry.pdf
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
Artificial Intelligence & SEO Trends for 2024
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
 
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URLDesigning A Time bound resource download URL
Designing A Time bound resource download URL
 
201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1
 
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdfUiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
UiPath Solutions Management Preview - Northern CA Chapter - March 22.pdf
 
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdfIaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
IaC & GitOps in a Nutshell - a FridayInANuthshell Episode.pdf
 
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptxCybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
Cybersecurity Workshop #1.pptx
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
 
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
IESVE Software for Florida Code Compliance Using ASHRAE 90.1-2019
 
20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV
 
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
UWB Technology for Enhanced Indoor and Outdoor Positioning in Physiological M...
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision20230104 - machine vision
20230104 - machine vision
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 

151 shastri

  • 1. Optimization of a Novel Photobioreactor Design using Computational Fluid Dynamics Abhinav Soman Department of Biotechnology VIT University, Vellore Yogendra Shastri Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
  • 2. Algal biofuels: Potential fuel option with many challenges  Advantages:  Higher yield per unit area  Productive land not required  Compatible with fresh and saline water  Challenges:  High cost of cultivation and harvesting  Low yield requiring significant drying
  • 3. Closed Photobioreactor (PBR) cultivation shows promise Attribute Open-pond Photobioreactor Cost Low High Yield Low High Contamination High Low  Target yield: 2-3 gm/liters
  • 4. Several bottlenecks exist in using a photobioreactor (PBR) Expensive to build and maintain High power consumption Overall efficiency is low Limitations to scalability
  • 5. PBR design plays a crucial role in its performance  Performance parameters of interest:  Light penetration  Hydrodynamics  Mixing  and settling Proposal:  Develop a novel PBR design  Develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model  Compare the performance of the novel design with conventional design using CFD
  • 6. Two promising designs – Air lift and Flat plate PBR • Less photoinhibition, even under high light intensity • Better liquid flow • Enhanced gas exchange • Better irradiation cycle • Suitable for shear sensitive strains Courtesy Xu et al. (2009) • Low surface area to volume ratio • Strong self shading for poorly circulated PBRs • Scale up not economical
  • 7. Two promising designs – Air lift and Flat plate PBR • High surface area to volume ration • Lower accumulation of dissolved oxygen • Low power consumption • Good mass transfer capability Courtesy Singh and Sharma (2012) • Photoinhibition likely for high intensity radiations • Low photosynthetic efficiency • Damage to cells due to high stress
  • 8. Proposed design combines the airlift and flat plate PBR designs
  • 9. Proposed design combines the airlift and flat plate PBR designs Outer body with flat plates for better light intake Central draft tube from an air-lift reactor
  • 10. Circular air/CO2 sparger located at the base of the draft tube Central draft tube Sparger
  • 11. Baffles were added to maintain flow distribution and consistency Baffles
  • 12. Top-view of the proposed PBR design Outer reactor with flat panel surface Baffles for flow distribution Inner draft tube Sparger
  • 13. Rounded corners for the outer body are used
  • 14. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations  Develop a CFD model for a air-lift PBR design published in literature  Validate the conventional model results using the CFD model  Adapt the CFD model for the proposed novel design  Compare the simulation results of the conventional and novel design
  • 15. CFD Model Development and Validation  Air-lift model studied by Luo and AL-Dahan (2011) Outer tube: • Height: 1.13 m • Diameter: 0.13 m Inner tube: • Height: 1.05 m • Diameter: 0.09 m Boundary Conditions: • Inlet : Superficial gas velocity – 1cm/s • Incident radiation : 50 W/m2 • Outlet : Pressure outlet Courtesy : Luo and AlDahan (2011) Geometry used for FLUENT simulation
  • 16. CFD Model Details • 3D steady state simulation with coarse griding • Flow Modelling: Eulerian –Eulerian multiphase modelling • Turbulence Modelling : Standard k-ɛ model with mixture multiphase model • Drag Force : Schiller-Naumann drag correlation • Irradiation simulation: Discrete Ordinates Model (DO) • Particle trajectory tracking : Discrete Phase Modelling (DPM)
  • 17. The observations reported in Luo and AlDahan (2011) were reproduced reasonably Slight deviations were probably due to a different drag model
  • 18. The CFD model was used to simulate the novel design
  • 19. Dimensions of the novel design were varied to determine the “optimal” set of dimensions No. Value 1 Outer cuboid height (m) 1.13 2 Parameters varied: • Width • Height • Top clearance • Bottom clearance Property Inner draft tube height (m) “Width” (m) 1.05 4 Draft tube inner diameter (m) 0.09 5 Side length of the 0.10 outer cuboid casing (m) 3 0.18
  • 20. “Width” had a significant impact on the gas holdup
  • 21. “Width” had a significant impact on the irradiance Good irradiance history for small width (2 cm) Particle trapped in the concentric space due to higher width (6 cm)
  • 22. Optimized design was determined based on the simulation results Property Value Outer cuboid height (m) 1.15 Inner draft tube height (m) “Width” (m) 1.05 Draft tube inner diameter (m) 0.09 Top and bottom clearance (m) 0.05 0.02
  • 23. Irradiance history and gas hold-up showed desirable values for the optimized design
  • 24. Contours of gas holdup Contours of incident radiation Contours of axial liquid velocity Velocity vectors for Air
  • 25. Conclusions  The novel design has better light/dark cycling patterns for algal cells.  A higher superficial gas velocity must be to achieve higher gas holdup and turbulent kinetic energy  Additional simulations with algal growth kinetics needed
  • 26. References  Hu-Ping Luo, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan.(2011). Verification and validation of CFD simulations for local flow dynamics in a draft tube airlift bioreactor, Chemical Engineering Science. 66: 907-923.  Ling Xu, Pamela J. Weathers, Xue-Rong Xiong, Chun-Zhao Liu. (2009) Microalgal bioreactors: Challenges and opportunities, Eng. Life Sci. 3: 178– 189.  O. Pulz. (2001). Photobioreactors: production systems for phototrophic microorganisms, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 57: 287–293.  Aditya M. Kunjapur and R. Bruce Eldridge.( 2010), Photobioreactor Design for Commercial Biofuel Production from Microalgae, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49: 3516–3526.  R.N. Singh, Shaishav Sharma.(2012). Development of suitable photobioreactor for algae production – A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 16, Issue 4, 2347-2353
  • 29. Comparison between the two systems Courtesy : Xu et al., 2009
  • 30. Air-lift model studied by Luo and ALDahan (2011) • Unstructured tetrahedral mesh was generated comprising 68864 elements • The bubble diameter was set 0.005 m (Simcik et al., 2011) • Air inlet velocity of 0.38 m/s in the axial direction • Air volume fraction was set to 0.5 • Simulation was initialized with 0.01 volume fraction and 0.01 m/s air inlet velocity • Single wavelength region (400 nm to 700 nm) for DO model • Water refractive index was set to 1.34 and absorbtion coefficient was set to 0.3 • Surface injection was used to inject 44 particles from the inlet surface that mimic the microalgae size (5 µm) and neutral buoyancy (998 g/m3)
  • 33. “Width” had a significant impact on the axial liquid velocity
  • 34. Height variations did not impact the performance much
  • 35. Top clearance did not impact the performance much