Identification Simplified - An Introduction to Biometrics
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This is the introductory presentation we did for Biometrics as our English project March 2009 :)
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Identification Simplified - An Introduction to Biometrics
- 2. What we need ?
- 3. What we need ? a method to identify individuals which is -
- 4. What we need ? a method to identify individuals which is - Secure
- 5. What we need ? a method to identify individuals which is - Secure Convenient
- 6. How do we do that ?
- 7. How do we do that ? ID Cards & Smart Cards
- 8. How do we do that ? RFID Cards • RFID – Radio Frequency Identification
- 9. How do we do that ? Passwords
- 10. How do we do that ? Wrist Bands
- 11. How do we do that ? Wrist Bands too !! Wrist Bands Passwords ID Cards & Smart Cards RFID Cards
- 12. How do we do that ? Wrist Bands Passwords ID Cards & Smart Cards RFID Cards Wow! So many ways to identify people! what could be wrong?
- 13. What’s wrong with all that ?
- 14. What’s wrong with all that ? Can be Stolen! ID Cards Easily Duplicated Smart Cards Have got Limits RFID Cards Wrist Bands BG107CS*** Allocates from BG107CS000 to BG107CS999 Total 1000 students!
- 15. What’s wrong with all that ?
- 16. What’s wrong with all that ? Passwords
- 17. What’s wrong with all that ? Easily Forgotten Passwords
- 18. What’s wrong with all that ? Easily Forgotten Passwords Needs to be Changed
- 19. What’s wrong with all that ? Easily Forgotten Passwords Needs to be Changed
- 20. What’s wrong with all that ? Easily Forgotten Passwords Needs to be Changed The Password Is quot;Expensive“ It typically costs a company $10 to $13 to reset an employee password, according to Forrester Research
- 21. The answer to all this…
- 22. The answer to all this… Lies Within Us!
- 23. In the form of Biometrics
- 24. In the form of Biometrics Biometrics is the study of computerized methods to identify a person by their unique physical or behavioural characteristics
- 25. In the form of Biometrics
- 26. What’s in store for you?
- 27. What’s in store for you? Iris Recognition Voice Recognition Face Recognition Fingerprint Authentication Other Types
- 28. Iris Recognition S. Supraja
- 29. Iris Recognition The Basics
- 30. Iris Recognition The Basics • Colored portion of the eye • Unique •Single enrollment for a lifetime • Can be used with glasses or contacts
- 31. Iris Recognition The Process 1. Image Acquisition
- 32. Iris Recognition The Process 1. Image Acquisition 2. Iris Definition
- 33. Iris Recognition The Process 1. Image Acquisition 2. Iris Definition 3. Field Optimization
- 34. Iris Recognition The Process 1. Image Acquisition 2. Iris Definition 3. Field Optimization 4. Image Analysis
- 35. Iris Recognition Iris Code Comparison
- 36. Iris Recognition Iris Code Comparison
- 37. Iris Recognition Iris Code Comparison
- 38. Iris Recognition Iris Code Comparison Mismatch = (204/2048)*100 = 10%
- 39. Iris Recognition It’s Fool-Proof • 65.8% match • Un-modifiable • Pupil Dilation • No replacement for a live eye
- 40. Voice Recognition “Voice verification required.” “My voice is my password. Give me access.” “Voice Print verified. Identity confirmed. Access Granted.” Sahana V.
- 47. Voice Recognition Approach
- 48. Voice Recognition Approach Waveform Frequency Domain Time 1. Text dependent-hidden markov model 2. Text independent-vector quantization
- 49. Voice Recognition How is it done ?
- 50. Voice Recognition How is it done ? Two Waveforms of same word Amplitude Time •Waveform - the shape of a wave illustrated graphically • Amplitude - displacement of a periodic wave
- 51. Voice Recognition How is it done ? Two Waveforms of same word “Sample” “Sample” Amplitude Time Are Different
- 52. Voice Recognition How is it done ? But the Frequency-Time plots “Sample” “Sample” Frequency Time •Frequency - The number of occurrences of an event within a given interval
- 53. Voice Recognition How is it done ? But the Frequency-Time plots “Sample” “Sample” Frequency Time Look Similar
- 54. Voice Recognition Applications 1. Voice recognition for Authentication 1. Single pass phrase system 2. Text prompt system 3. Verification integrated in a dialogue system
- 55. Voice Recognition Applications 1. Voice recognition for Authentication 1. Single pass phrase system 2. Text prompt system 3. Verification integrated in a dialogue system 2. Voice recognition for Surveillance Forensic Voice Recognition
- 56. Face Recognition Pooja Sastry
- 57. Face Recognition Features • Facial Features are Unique
- 58. Face Recognition Features • Facial Features are Unique • Passive Biometrics
- 59. Face Recognition Features • Facial Features are Unique • Passive Biometrics • Already Widespread
- 60. Face Recognition Features • Facial Features are Unique • Passive Biometrics • Already Widespread • Inexpensive
- 61. Face Recognition Categories
- 62. Face Recognition Categories 1. Face Geometry
- 63. Face Recognition Categories 1. Face Geometry 2. Facial Thermograms
- 64. Face Recognition Categories 1. Face Geometry 2. Facial Thermograms 3. Eigen Face Method
- 65. Face Recognition Categories 1. Face Geometry 2. Facial Thermograms 3. Eigen Face Method 4. Template Based
- 66. Face Recognition Process
- 67. Face Recognition Process Detection
- 68. Face Recognition Process Alignment & Measurement
- 69. Face Recognition Process Representation & Matching
- 70. Face Recognition Process Identity Confirmed
- 71. Face Recognition Identification WHO AM I?
- 72. Face Recognition Verification AM I WHO I SAY I AM ?
- 73. Fingerprint Authentication S. Krithika
- 74. Fingerprint Authentication Features
- 75. Fingerprint Authentication Features •Ridges, Valleys
- 76. Fingerprint Authentication Features •Ridges, Valleys Ridges Valleys
- 77. Fingerprint Authentication Features •Ridges, Valleys •Dark lines - Ridges •Brighter lines - Valleys Ridges Valleys
- 78. Fingerprint Authentication Discriminating Information
- 79. Fingerprint Authentication Discriminating Information 1. Ridge Termination 2. Ridge Bifurcation
- 80. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 81. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure Two essential procedures • Enrollment • Authentication
- 82. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 83. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure Image Acquisition Classified roughly as • Optical • Non-Optical
- 84. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 85. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure Feature Extraction • Direct • Feature or Minutia based
- 86. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 87. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure Matching • 1 : 1 Matching • 1 : N Matching
- 88. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 89. Fingerprint Authentication Authentication Procedure
- 90. Fingerprint Authentication Applications
- 91. Fingerprint Authentication Applications • Biometric Smart Gun
- 92. Fingerprint Authentication Applications • Biometric Smart Gun • Olympic Summer Games - Athens, Greece 2004
- 93. Fingerprint Authentication Drawback
- 94. Fingerprint Authentication Drawback • Skin Diseases prevent normal formation • Magali (Naegeli) syndrome • The HuangTien family in Taiwan
- 95. Fingerprint Authentication Drawback • Skin Diseases prevent normal formation • Magali (Naegeli) syndrome • The HuangTien family in Taiwan
- 96. Other Types Subhash Choudhary
- 98. Other Types Palm/Hand Geometry • Full-Hand Geometry
- 99. Other Types Palm/Hand Geometry • Full-Hand Geometry • Two Finger Scan
- 100. Other Types Palm/Hand Geometry • Full-Hand Geometry • Two Finger Scan Image Acquisition
- 101. Other Types Palm/Hand Geometry • Full-Hand Geometry • Two Finger Scan Image Acquisition Outline
- 102. Other Types Palm/Hand Geometry • Full-Hand Geometry • Two Finger Scan Image Acquisition Outline Geometry
- 103. Other Types DNA
- 104. Other Types DNA • Requires Actual Physical Sample
- 105. Other Types DNA • Requires Actual Physical Sample • Not fully automated
- 106. Other Types DNA • Requires Actual Physical Sample • Not fully automated
- 107. Other Types DNA • Requires Actual Physical Sample • Not fully automated • Expensive
- 108. Other Types DNA • Requires Actual Physical Sample • Not fully automated • Expensive • Privacy Issues
- 109. Other Types Gait
- 110. Other Types Gait • Study of Animal Locomotion
- 111. Other Types Gait • Study of Animal Locomotion • Helps Athletes
- 112. Other Types Gait • Study of Animal Locomotion • Helps Athletes • Standard Camera – any condition
- 113. Other Types Gait • Study of Animal Locomotion • Helps Athletes • Standard Camera – any condition • Identification at a Distance
- 115. Other Types Skin Reflection • Absorption Spectrum of Skin varies
- 116. Other Types Skin Reflection • Absorption Spectrum of Skin varies • LEDs send Light into Skin
- 117. Other Types Skin Reflection • Absorption Spectrum of Skin varies • LEDs send Light into Skin • Photodiodes read reflected light
- 118. Future of Biometrics Ratnala Srikanth
- 119. The Past & The Present
- 120. Future of Biometrics Security & Privacy Biometrics in Action Cost & Accuracy
- 121. Security & Privacy Biometric Systems must be Fool-Proof Security of Collected Biometric Data
- 122. Biometrics In Action
- 123. Biometrics In Action Immigration Control
- 124. Biometrics In Action Immigration Control Biometric Data is embedded in UK Passports
- 125. Biometrics In Action Transactional Authentication
- 126. Biometrics In Action Transactional Authentication A Biometric ATM in Malawi (South Africa)
- 127. Biometrics In Action Computer Security
- 128. Biometrics In Action Computer Security Finger Scan In Modern Laptops
- 129. Biometrics In Action Smart Doors
- 130. Biometrics In Action Smart Doors A New way for Physical Access Control
- 131. Biometrics In Action Time and Attendance
- 132. Biometrics In Action Time and Attendance A New Tamper-Proof way…
- 133. Cost & Accuracy More Accuracy = More Cost
- 134. Cost & Accuracy More Accuracy = More Cost
- 135. Conclusion
- 136. Conclusion End of Paper based Identity
- 137. Conclusion End of Identity Theft
- 138. Conclusion Reduces Expenditure on Security Saves Time Helps us Fight Terrorism Comfortable life + Improved Security
- 139. Conclusion We need to - • do Research in Biometrics • bring Awareness amongst people • Be ready for the change • Bring about a change • Become Smart
- 140. Further Reading • Paul Reid . Biometrics for Network Security . Prentice Hall PTR . December 30, 2003 • Nalini K Ratha . Advances in Biometrics . Springer . 2007 • Biometrics Consortium - •http://www.biometrics.org/resources.php • Biometrics Products – http://www.biometricsproducts.com/ • Introduction to Biometrics - http://biometrics.gov/ReferenceRoom/Introduction.aspx
- 141. Thank You! Abhishek Mishra S. Krithika Pooja Sastry Ratnala Srikanth Sahana V. S. Supraja Subhash Choudhary
- 142. Questions ?
Editor's Notes
- Hi everyone and welcome to our presentation – “Identification Simplified”<number>
- What we need today<number>
- is a method to identify individuals which<number>
- is secure and convenient.<number>
- Lets look at what methods we use today to identify people…<number>
- We have ID cards and Smart cards today<number>
- We have even started using RFID cards which is a slightly more advanced type of card.<number>
- We use passwords to protect our identity at work and internet<number>
- We even use wristbands, you can find these in amusement parks mostly<number>
- So, as you can see we have done a lot to solve the problem of identification… <number>
- but yet we feel something is missing…<number>
- You must be wondering what’s wrong with all these great methods of identification…<number>
- With Card Type of identities, we got serious problems {click}The can be stolen {click}Can be duplicated {click}Have got limits {click}This ID card that I’m holding, Identifies me in the form of BG107CS***, which means it can address people from bg107cs000 to bg107cs999. Now that means we can address only 1000 people with it. You can clearly see that as the CS batch increases in size beyond 1000, this ID card needs to be replaced.<number>
- Now that! Is how a modern professional’s wallet looks like today. Isn’t that loaded with cards!!<number>
- Now passwords! Yes, even they’ve got problems<number>
- Easily forgotten<number>
- They need to be changed time to time. This ensures security and limits eavesdropping. many organizations have a policy to change everyone’s password after a fixed time.<number>
- Now that comes at a cost. Here is a businessweek report saying that “Password is expensive”<number>
- And a researchsers at forrester research have estimated this cost to be $10-$13 per employee.<number>
- Not secure not convenient… we HAVE to find an answer to all these problems! and it won’t be some space-age technology… will it be in a chip embedded into us…No!!<number>
- the answer is none of those… but the answer simply lies within us!<number>
- In the form of biometrics…<number>
- Now Biometrics is the… {definition }<number>
- As I said, biometrics is the answer to the problems, you must be wondering how ?<number>
- For that, we will now take you through various technologies that help us identify people under Biometircs.<number>
- These are some of the techniques we would be discussing today. We would also talk about the Future and draw some conclusions based on our findings.<number>
- I would now call upon Supraja to explain you how Iris Recognition is helpful in Biometrics.<number>