Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
4. INTRODUCTION
Horizontal relation are those that are
established anterio posteriorly &
mediolaterally,
Its classified as
1, Centric relation
2, Eccentric relation- which includes
-Protrusive
-Left & Right lateral movements
www.indiandentalacademy.com
5. The principles of good occlusion apply
to both dentulous & edentulous
patients.
Different requirements are necessary
in the occlusion for the complete
dentures because artificial teeth are
not attached to the bone as in natural
teeth.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
6. To maintain stability of complete
dentures,the opposing teeth must meet
evenly on both sides of the dental arch
when the teeth contact anywhere
within the normal functional range of
mandibular movements.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
7. An occlusion for complete dentures
that provides these even contacts can
only be developed with centric
occlusion in harmony with centric
relation & smooth gliding contact from
this position to any eccentric position
with in the normal range of mandibular
movements.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
9. DEFINITION :
The maxillo mandibular relationship in which the
condyles articulate with the thinnest avascular
portion of their respective discs with the complex in
the anterior superior position against the shapes of the
articular eminences.
This position is independent of tooth contact and
is clinically discernible when the mandible is directed
superiorly and anteriorly. It is restricted to a purely
rotary movement about the transverse horizontal axis
- GPT 8
www.indiandentalacademy.com
10. Significance of Centric
Relation:
It is a definite learned position which is
independent of the presence or
absence of teeth.
It is reproducible ,repeatable and
recordable position.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
11. When the centric relation & centric
occlusion of natural teeth do not
coincide, the periodontal structures
around the natural teeth are endangered
If the occlusion of artificial teeth do not
coincide, there is instability of the
dentures leading to pain & discomfort
www.indiandentalacademy.com
12. Errors in mounting of the cast can be
detected when used as a horizontal
reference point
An accurate record properly orients
the mandibular cast to the opening
axis of the articulator.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
13. RELATING CENTRIC RELATION
TO THE HINGE AXIS
. During mandibular opening
movement,the condyles rotate initially
in a hinge and later in a translatory
motion.A pure hinge movement of the
condyle occurs only when the condyle
is in its centric position.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
14. • Combinations of translation and
hinge movement take place when the
condyle moves anterior to centric
relation.
• Hence ,centric relation is known as
the Terminal hinge relation.
• Terminal hinge axis is the horizontal
axis of condyles, when the condyles
are in centric relation.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15. CHARACTER OF OCCLUSION IN
CENTRIC RELATION:
There are two concepts:
Point centric :
This happens when centric
occlusion and centric relation coincide.
It is a precise location of centric
occlusion in centric relation. It is a
maximum intercuspation seen or given
in centric relation.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
16. Long centric/ Freedom in centric /
Area centric:
When centric relation and
centric occlusion do not coincide,
a freedom is given to close the
mandible either into centric relation
or slightly anterior to it in centric
occlusion with a smooth gliding,
without effecting and change in
vertical dimension of occlusion.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
17. 1) Minimal Closing Pressure :
Minimal displacement of the tissue
Opposing teeth to touch uniformly and
simultaneously at their first contact.
CONCEPTS AND OBJECTIVES IN
RECORDING CENTRIC RELATION:
www.indiandentalacademy.com
18. ADVANTAGES
Uniform contact will not simulate the
patient to clench the teeth
Relaxes the closing muscles.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
19. 2) Heavy Closing Pressure:
Tissues under bases is displaced
while the record is made
Produce same displacement of the
soft tissues as would exist when
heavy closing pressure are applied
on the dentures.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
20. DISADVANTAGES
Uneven contacts which tends to
clench the teeth
Thus causing soreness under the
denture bases & changes in the
residual ridges
www.indiandentalacademy.com
21. RELATING CENTRIC RELATION
TO CENTRIC OCCLUSION:
Centric relation is a bone to bone
relation
Centric occlusion is a relationship of
upper and lower teeth to each other.
Centric relation must be accurately
recorded so that centric occlusion
can be built to coincide with it.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
22. When natural teeth are
removed,many receptors that initiate
impulses resulting in positioning of
mandible away from deflective occlusal
contacts into centric occlusion are lost
or destroyed.
Therefore edentulous patients
cannot control mandibular movements
or avoid deflective occlusal contacts in
centric relation as in dentulous patients.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. These deflective occlusal contacts
in centric relation causes movement of
the denture bases or direct the
mandible away from the centric
relation.
Thus centric relation must be
recorded for edentulous patients so
that centric occlusion can be
established in harmony with this
position.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
24. Retruding the mandible to
centric relation:
Difficulties seen are
Biological
Psychological
Mechanical
www.indiandentalacademy.com
25. Methods of assisting the patient to
retrude the mandible:
Instructing the patient to:
Relax the jaw ,pull it back and close
slowly and easily on your back teeth.
[ never ask the patient to bite]
Get the feeling of pushing your
upper jaw out and close your
back teeth together.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
26. Protrude and retrude the mandible
repeatedly as the patient holds the
fingers lightly against the chin.
Turn the tongue backwards towards the
posterior border of the upper denture.
Ask the patient to swallow & conclude
the act with the blocks in contact.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
27. Tap the occlusal rims or the back teeth
rapidly & repeatedly.
Tilting the head back while all the
exercise is carried out.
Assist the patient to retrude the
mandible by placing the index fingers on
the buccal flanges on the premolar
regions with the thumbs under the
patients chin.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
31. Factors Influencing Centric Relation
Records
The resiliency of the supporting tissue.
The stability of the recording bases.
The TMJ and its associated
neuromuscular mechanism.
The nature of pressure applied in
making the recording.www.indiandentalacademy.com
32. The technique in making the recording
& the associated recording devices
used
The skill of the dentist.
The health & the co-operation of the
patient.
The maxillomandibular relationship
www.indiandentalacademy.com
33. The posture of the patient.
The character or size of the residual
arch.
The size & position of the tongue.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
34. Requirements for Making Centric
Relation Records
To record the correct horizontal
relationship of the mandible to the
maxilla.
To exert equalized vertical pressure.
To retain the record in an undistorted
condition until the cast has been
accurately mounted on the articulator.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
35. Methods Of Recording Centric Relation:
Physiological / tactile / interocclusal
check record method.
Functional/ chew in method.
-Patterson technique
-Needle house technique
Graphic method.
-Intra oral tracing
-Extra oral tracingwww.indiandentalacademy.com
36. OTHER METHODS-
Strips of celluloid placed between the
rims
Heating the surface of one of the rims
Deep heating or pooling method
Softened wax placed over the occlusal
surface of the mandibular posterior
teeth
Soft cones of wax placed on the lower
denturel bases
www.indiandentalacademy.com
37. Physiological / tactile / interocclusal
check record method:
History
In 1756,Philip pfaff, the dentist of
Frederick the great of Germany, was the
first to describe this technique.
The direct interocclusal record during
that period was a non-precision jaw
record obtained with a thermoplastic
material, usually wax or compound.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
38. This was known as “mush” “biscuit” or
“squash bite.
Christensen[1905] was one of the
early authors to use impression wax for
bite records.
Brown [1954] recommended repeated
closures into softened wax rims.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
39. Greene had his patients hold their jaw
apart for 10 sec to fatigue the muscles
and then had them snap the rims
together.
Wax, compound, plaster & zinc oxide
eugenol paste were used as registration
material for the records
www.indiandentalacademy.com
40. Schuyler[1932] preferred modelling
compound to wax for the occlusal
records
Trappzzano[1955] stated that wax
check bite method was the technique
of preference
www.indiandentalacademy.com
41. Payne[1955] & Hickey[1964] stated a
preference for plaster
Boos[1959] stated that it was important
to avoid torsion when recording centric
relation & felt that plaster & zinc oxide
eugenol paste was more accurate
www.indiandentalacademy.com
42. Hanau[1929] was the first individual to
be concerned about equalization of
pressure when recording the bite. He
coined the word “realeff” which is
formed by the beginning letters of the
words “resilient and like effect”.
This became a major factor in “check
bite” techniques.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
43. Wright (1939) described the four
factors which affected the accuracy
of records-
1. Resiliency of tissues.
2. Saliva film,
3. Fit of bases
4. Pressure applied
www.indiandentalacademy.com
44. Scyhyler, Payne and Trapozzano
advocated the use of light pressure
The problem of pressure in any record
was recognized by Boucher (1960)
who wrote, “In addition to technical
errors are the errors which occur as a
result of failure to control jaw activities
and pressure at the time of
registration”.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
45. The importance of verifying the
interocclusal records has been stressed
by Greene (1910), Schyuler (1932),
Trapozzano (1950, Beck (1960)
Most of the criticisms for using “check
bites” for centric relation record were
from individuals who favored some type
of graphic recording.
Gradually these procedures evolved into
interocclusal records as they are usually
done today.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
46. Physiological / Tactile /
Interocclusal Check Record
Method:
It is particularly indicated in situation of
Abnormally related jaws
Supporting tissues that are excessively
displaceable
Large tongue.
Uncontrollable or abnormal mandibular
movements
To check the occlusion of the teeth in
try-in dentures
www.indiandentalacademy.com
47. The technique for this record is
divided into two steps-
1. Tentative records using occlusion
rims attached to accurate stable
bases.
2. Inter occlusal check records with
teeth arranged for try-in.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
48. In this method the vertical dimension
is established first .
A tentative centric relation is recorded,
occlusal rims are articulated using
tentative records and artificial teeth are
arranged.
Now the try-in dentures are ready for
making the inter-occlusal check record.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
49. The try-in dentures are inserted into
patient mouth ,recording material is
loaded onto the occlusal surface of
posterior teeth in the mandibular
occlusal rim and patient is asked to
slowly retrude the mandible and close,
make sure there’s no tooth to tooth
contact.
The horizontal Condylar guide locks in
the articulator are unlocked and the try-
in dentures are placed on their
articulated casts.www.indiandentalacademy.com
50. Recording material on the buccal aspect
of mandibular teeth is scraped off and the
articulated casts are adjusted to fit into the
check record.
If the tentative record is accurate and is
same as the check record then both
Condylar elements will contact against the
centric stops.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
51. If any one of the Condylar elements
are not touching ,then one or the other
record is inaccurate.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
52. Functional/chew in Method ::
HISTORY
Functional recordings were described
as early as 1910. by Greene where he
used a pumices and plaster mixture in
one of the rims and instructed the
patient to grind the rims together. The
teeth were set to the generated paths.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
53. Needles(1923) mounted studs on the
maxillary rims which cut tracing into the
mandibular rims
Petterson(1923) used a carborundum
and plaster mixture which were filled in
a trough cut in the upper and lower
rims
Meyers(1934)used soft wax occlusion
rims.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
54. Boos (1959) felt that it was essential
that all registrations be made under
the biting force so that the
displacement of the soft tissues which
occur in function would occur during
bite registration
www.indiandentalacademy.com
55. Functional/chew in Method ::
Needles-house technique:
Compound occlusal rims with 4 metal
styli placed in the maxillary rim.
When the mandible moves with the
styli contacting the mandibular rim, the
styli cuts 4 diamond shaped tracings.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
56. The pathways cut into the modeling
compound indicating both the centric
position and the eccentric mandibular
excursions.
The records are placed on a suitable
articulator to receive and duplicate the
records.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
58. The Patterson method:
Uses wax occlusal rims.
A trench is made in the mandibular rim
and a mixture of half plaster and half
carborundum or pumice paste
is placed in the trench.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
59. When the plaster & pumice are reduced
to the pre determined height the patient
is asked to retrude the mandible and the
occlusion rims are joined with metal
staple pins.`
www.indiandentalacademy.com
60. Plaster pumice rims tends to be rather
messy an alternative is modelling wax
mixed with a little carding wax to
render it displaceable, the rims are
covered with the tin foil to prevent them
sticking together while the patient
squeezes them into his own individual
occlusal curves.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
62. Disadvantages
1. The displaceable basal tissues, the
resistance of the recording medium
and the lack of control of equalized
pressure in the eccentric relation
contribute to inaccuracies.
2. Patients should have a good
neuromuscular co-ordination and
should be capable of following
instructions.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
63. NEEDLE POINT TRACING:
HISTORY
• The earliest graphic recording Were
based on mandibular movements by
Blackwil in 1866. The intersections of
the arcs produced by the right and left
condyles formed the apex of what is
known as the “Gothic arch tracing”.
• The first known”Needle point tracing”
was by Hesse in 1897, and the
technique was improved and
popularized by Gysi around 1910”
www.indiandentalacademy.com
64. Gysi’s tracer was an Extraoral incisal
tracer in which the plate was attached
to the mandibular rim & spring loaded
pin was mounted on the maxillary rim.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
65. Phillips(1927) recognized that any
lateral movement of the jaw would
cause interference of the rims resulting
in a distorted record.
He developed a plate for the upper rim
under tripoded ball bearing mounted on
a jacks screw for the lower rim. The
innovation was named the “Central
bearing point”, which was supposed to
produce the equalization of pressure on
the edentulous ridges.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
66. Stansbery (1929) introduced a
technique which incorporated a curved
plate corresponding to monson’s
curve.
He mounted this on the upper ring and
a central bearing screw was attached
to a lower plate corresponding to the
reverse monsoon curve. After the
tracing was made , a biconcave centric
registration was obtained using plaster.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
67. Later gothic recording methods used
the central bearing point to produce
gothic arch tracing. Various tracing
devices were designed by Flight,
Phillips, Terrell, Sears, House,
Messerman and others
www.indiandentalacademy.com
68. The graphic recording like the check
bites records received much praise
and criticism. Critics of Gothic arch
tracing stated that equalization of
pressure did not occur, prognathic and
retrognathic patients could not be
used, flabby tissues and large tongues
could cause shifting of the bases and
finally too much of patient cooperation
was needed.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
69. Graphic Methods:
Graphic methods are of two types:
Arrow point tracing.
- Extra oral tracing.
- Intra oral tracing.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
70. Extra Oral Tracing Assembly
It has a central bearing device
consisting of a central bearing point & a
plate
It has a tracing device consisting of a
stylus & a recording plate
www.indiandentalacademy.com
71. Technique for Gothic Arch Tracing:
Make accurate stable maxillary and
mandibular record bases.
Contour the wax occlusal rims.
Establish the vertical jaw relation
Make a face bow transfer and mount
the maxillary cast .www.indiandentalacademy.com
72. With soft wax make a tentative centric
relation record.
Adjust the articulator with the condylar
elements secured against the centric
stops.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
73. Relate the maxillary occlusion rims in
the soft wax record and attach the
mandibular cast to the articulator with
plaster.
Reduce the mandibular occlusal rim to
provide 2 mm while maintaining the
occlusal plane
www.indiandentalacademy.com
74. Central bearing device is attached to
the occlusal rims taking care to centre
them laterally & anteroposteriorly.
Mount the tracing device, be sure to
attach the devices securely to the
occlusion rims.The stylus is attached to
the maxillary rim and the recording
plate on the mandibular.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
75. Seat the recording bases with the
attached recording devices ,make sure
that there is no interference between the
occlusion rims when the mandible is
moved in any direction.
Retract the stylus and conduct training
exercises with the patient.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
76. When the patient is
proficient in executing
the mandibular
movements prepare the
tracing plate to record
the tracing by coating
with thin coat of
precipitated chalk in
denatured alcohol.
Develop an
acceptable tracing by
dropping the stylus to
the record plate.www.indiandentalacademy.com
77. When a definite arrow point
tracing with a sharp apex is
made, have the patient retrude
the mandible to the centric
relation.
Inject quick setting dental
plaster between the occlusion
rims.
Remove the assembly and
mount the mandibular cast with
the new record.www.indiandentalacademy.com
78. ADVANTAGES
Tracing point is much larger because
they are made farther from the centers
of rotation & the apex is more
discernible
Extra oral tracings are visible when the
tracings are made, therefore patients
can be guided & directed more
intelligently
www.indiandentalacademy.com
79. The stylus can be observed in the apex
of the tracing during the process of
injecting plaster between the occlusal
rims & no hole is required.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
80. Classical, pointed form
The symmetry indicates an
undisturbed movement sequence in
the joints and uniform muscle
guidance.
Evaluation of Gothic Arch Tracings:
Classical flat form
Indicates distinct lateral movements
of the condyles in the fossa.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
81. Weak Gothic arch tracing
Indicates a lax and negligent performance
of the movements. The registration must be
repeated: Stronger movements must be
demanded from the patient.
Asymmetrical form
The tracing indicates a distinct inhibition of
the forward movement in the right joint.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
82. Miniature Gothic arch tracing
This tracing points restricted
mandibular movements.
•Due to badly fitting and pain-
causing record bases or
•Long standing edentulous state with
inhibited movement in the joints.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
83. Intra-oral tracing devices:
It is a combination of a central –
bearing point and plate with a needle
point tracing made inside the mouth.
The bearing point is sharp which makes
a tracing on the opposing central
bearing plate .
www.indiandentalacademy.com
84. A hole may be drilled at the apex of the
tracing to ensure that the patients jaw is
in the most retruded position while the
registration is being recorded.
A plastic piece with a hole in the center
can also be placed at the apex.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
85. DISADVANTAGES
Tracings are small, hence its difficult
to find the apex.
The tracer must be seated in the hole
at the point of the apex to assure
accuracy when injecting plaster
between the occlusion rims.
If the patient moves the rims before
they are secured, the records shift on
their basal seat which destroys the
accuracy.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
86. Digital Gothic Arch Tracing:
Here the stylus is a plastic sphere of
6mm in diameter and is attached to the
maxillary rim with auto polymerizing
acrylic resin.
A resistance film sensor is attached to
the conventional tracing device ,that is
attached to the mandibular occlusal
rim
www.indiandentalacademy.com
88. Other methods of recording centric
relation:
Use of celluloid paper.
Soft cones of wax placed
on the lower denture
trial bases
www.indiandentalacademy.com
89. Heating the surface of one of the rims
Deep heating or pooling method
Softened wax placed over the occlusal
surface of the mandibular posterior
teeth
www.indiandentalacademy.com
91. Eccentric relation records
An eccentric maxillo-mandibular
relation is any relationship of the
mandible to the maxillae other than the
centric relation.
It is recorded to adjust the lateral and
horizontal condylar inclinations.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
92. The adjustment permits the condylar
elements to travel to and from the
centric and eccentric positions and
make it possible to arrange the teeth
for complete dentures in balanced
occlusion.
The eccentric positions to be
recorded are the protrusive and the
right & left lateral.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
93. Tactile or Inter Occlusal Check
Record
The preferred time to make the record
is during the try-in procedure
The trial dentures are inserted & the
patient is instructed to protrude his
lower jaw to approximately 5-6 mm
Midline of maxillary & mandibular
incisors should coincide
www.indiandentalacademy.com
94. Once the patient has learned this
position, 3 layers of wax is placed over
the mandibular teeth, seal the wax on
the lingual & buccal surface of the
teeth.
The wax is softened over the controlled
water bath.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
95. Try-in dentures are re-inserted & the
lower jaw is protruded until the upper
teeth contact the wax.
The wax is allowed to harden and
transferred to the articulator to record
the horizontal inclination.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
96. FUNCTIONAL/ CHEW IN
PROCEDURE
After the records are used to mount the
mandibular cast, the articulator is
adjusted to the eccentric records.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
97. Recording of eccentric jaw relations:
Gothic arch tracing :
(protrusive relation records)
Measure a distance of 5 to 6 mm from
the apex of the arrow point tracing on
the protrusive tracing and mark this
point
Instruct the patient to protrude until the
point of the stylus rests in the marked
point
www.indiandentalacademy.com
98. Inject quick setting dental plaster
between the occlusal rims.
Free the horizontal condylar
adjustment on the articulator.
Raise the incisal pin about one half
inch from the top of the guide table.
Carefully seat the record bases on the
cast.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
99. Using the locknuts as handles
manipulate one side ,then the other.
An accurate seating of both record
bases must be secured without forcing
so that the protrusive record is not
destroyed.
Secure the lock nuts.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
100. Lateral relation records ::
Gothic arch tracing:
Two records are required – one of right
lateral and one of left lateral
The articulator is adjusted as each
record is made.
However with complete dentures, it is
more difficult to secure accurate &
reproducible records.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
101. Hanau recommended a formula to arrive
an acceptable lateral inclination
• L =H/8+12
L- Lateral condylar guidance
H- Horizontal condylar
inclination in degrees as
established by the protrusive
record
The value of this formula is neither proved
or disproved
www.indiandentalacademy.com
102. Review of Articles
1) Millet,Jeannin,Vincent & Malquarti:
Concluded that the record of
the relationship between the jaws in
the swallowing cycle can be used as
the VDO but is not favorable when
used to obtain centric relation.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
103. 2) Dennis B .Gilboe: summarized that
centric relation should be considered as
the most superior position of the
mandibular condyles with the central
bearing area of the disk in contact with
the articular surfaces of the mandibular
condyles and the articular eminences.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
104. 3) Williamson,Bowley and Randy :
Mandibular denture
base stability has been reported to be
increased by using an central bearing
intra oral gothic arch tracing device,as it
provides equalization of occlusal
pressure.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
105. 4)Albert Yurkstas and krishan k kapur
carried out the study to evaluate the
effect of various factors on the
reliability or duplicability of wax records
and the Intraoral tracing procedures for
registering centric relation.They
concluded that the control wax and
central intra oral tracing records show
least variations.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
106. Conclusion :Conclusion :
The accurate determination,recording
& transfer of jaw relation records from
the edentulous patient to the
articulator is essential for the
restoration of function,facial
appearance and the maintenance of
patient health.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
107. Therefore it is emphasized that
irrespective of the method used,
subsequent clinical checking and
rechecking must be done throughout the
entire denture construction phases.
The skill of the dentist & the co-operation
of the patient being most important
factor.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
108. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous
patients. - Boucher
Syllabus of Complete Denture - Heartwell
Essentials of complete denture
- Sheldon Winkler
Occlusion:principles and concepts.
- jose’ dos santwww.indiandentalacademy.com
109. Evaluation,diagnosis,and Treatment of
Occlusal Problems.
- Peter E Dawson.
Text book of complete dentures.
-Swenson.
Management of –TMJ disorders and
occlusion- Okeson
The Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms 8th
Edition
- The Academy of Prosthodontics
www.indiandentalacademy.com
110. Report on the determination of occlusal
vertical dimension and centric relation using
Swallowing in edentulous patients.
-J Oral Rehab. 2003 Nov;30(11):1118-
1122
Centric relation records- Historical review.
-J Prosthet Dent. 1982 Feb; 47(2):141-
145.
Factors influencing centric relation records in
edentulous mouths.
- JPD 2005; 93; 305-310.www.indiandentalacademy.com
112. Thank you
For more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Editor's Notes
JAW RELATION-Any spatial relationship of the maxilla to the mandible.
Thus an occlusion that is physiologically acceptable or desirable may not be applicable for the complete dentures.
First and the second registration material should be the same.
Path of the condyle in eccentric movmnts is not a straight line.
Shape of the mandibular fossa is an OGEE curve viewed in sagital plane
This double curve will cause the apparent path of the condyle to be different with varying amounts of protrusion.
Ideal amount of protrusion is amount to bring anterior teeth end to end.
Mechanical limitation of articulators require a minimum of 6mm to adjust condylar guidance.
Lateral tracing if done, should be recorded 6 mm on the tracing because its moves 3mm at the molar region. Because its appx middle between the tracing & working side condyle