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MINOR ORAL SURGICAL
PROCEDURES

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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

WHY DO WE NEED A MINOR SURGERY ?

OR


WHAT ARE THE CONDITIONS?

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

# TOOTH ------------ TRANS ALVEOLAR EXT



IMPACTED TOOTH----SURGICAL REMOVAL



SMALL CYST ----- ENUCLEATION



PERIAPICAL SURGERIES—APISECTOMY



PRE PROSTHETIC SURGERIES:
--ALVEOPLASTY
--SMALL TORI REMOVAL
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

REQUIREMENTS OF ANY SURGICAL
PROCEDURE:
RAISE A FLAP
BONE GUTTERING
REMOVE
-TOOTH
-LESION
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PRINCIPLES OF SURGERY




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

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DIAGNOSIS
BASIC NECESSITIES OF SURGERY
ADEQUATE VISIBILITY & ASSISTANCE
- ADEQUATE ACCESS
-ADEQUATE LIGHT
-SURGICAL FIELD FREE OF EXCESS BLOOD AND
FLUIDS
FLAP DESIGN
TISSUE HANDLING
HAEMOSTASIS
DEAD SPACE MANAGEMENT
SUTURING
EDEMA CONTROLL

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ADEQUATE ACCESS—GOOD FLAP



PRINCIPLES OF FLAP:
1) BROAD BASE

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2) FLAP
“SIDES HAVE TO BE EITHER PARALLEL
OR CONVERGE FROM BASE TO APEX”

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3)

LENGTH : BREADTH
2
:
1

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

BETTER TO INCLUDE THE AXIAL BLOOD
SUPPLY

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

BASE OF THE FLAP SHOULD NEVER BE:
- STRETCHED
- TWISTED

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PRINCIPLES OF INCISIONS



- SHARP BLADE
- FIRM CONTINIOUS STROKE

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


-AVOID CUTTING VITAL STRUCTURES
-GO LAYER BY LAYER

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

-INCISE PERPENDICULAR TO THE
EPITHELIAL SURFACE
-EASY SUTURING
-DECREASE NECROSIS

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

-INCISE OVER HEALTHY BONE

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

-NEVER INCISE OVER BONY
PROMINENCES



-NEVER INCISE THE ATTACHED GINGIVA,
OVER THE FACIAL ASPECT OF THE
TOOTH



-NEVER INCISE THE PAPILLA

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TYPES OF MUCOPERIOSTEAL FLAP


1) ENVELOP FLAP



2) THREE CORNERED



3) FOUR CORNERED

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ENVELOP FLAP

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THREE & FOUR CORNERED FALP

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BONE REMOVAL


TECHNIQUES FOR BONE REMOVAL:
-CHISEL
-BUR

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CHISEL









BUR

Difficult and
complicated procedure
Pt not comfortable
Increased duration
Less bone necrosis,
less dry socket and
less infection
Good healing
Less swelling

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






Easy procedure
Comfortable
Less duration
More necrosis
More chances for Dry
socket and infection
Delayed healing and
more swelling

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TOOTH SPLITTING ( SURGICAL
REMOVAL OF AN IMPACTED
TOOTH OR A BROKEN TOOTH)

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

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF AN IMPACTED
TOOTH

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

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF A BROKEN
TOOTH ( TRANS ALVEOLAR
EXTRACTION)

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DIAGNOSIS


LISTEN-----HISTORY



EXAMINATION



INVESTIGATION
RADIOLOGICAL
BIO CHEMICAL

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BASIC NECESSITIES FOR SURGERY


ASEPTIC TECHNIQUE
-STERALIZATION

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TISSUE HANDLING


A SURGEON WHO HANDLES TISSUES
GENTLY IS REWARDED WITH...(MONEY! !)

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DON’T PULL OR STRETCH THE
TISSUES…………….

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

HOLD THE TISSUE WITH A TISSUE
FORCEPS AND NEVER PINCH….

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HEMOSTASIS




ACHIEVED BY EITHER GAUZE OR
COTTON
APPLY PRESSURE
PACK
HAVE PATIENCE



NEVER WIPE
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

CLAMPPING A VESSEL----LIGATION



THERMOCOAGULATION



TOPICAL HEMOSTSTIC AGENTS
EPINEPHRINE
GELFOAM
THROMBIN
OXIDISED CELLULOSE
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DEAD SPACE


AREA OF WOUND DEVOID OF TISSUE
AFTER CLOSURE



AFTER REMOVING TISSUES, ORGANS IN
DEPTHS OF WOUND



FAILURE TO APPROXIMATE WOUND IN
LAYERS
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ELIMINATION


PROPER SUTURING OF TISSUE PLANES



PRESSURE DRESSING



PACK EMPTY SPACE INCORPORATING
WITH ANTI BIOTICS



SUCTION DRAIN
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SUCTION DRAIN

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Thank you
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Leader in continuing dental education

www.indiandentalacademy.com

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